1、BS EN1097-4:2008ICS 91.100.15NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDTests for mechanicaland physicalproperties ofaggregatesPart 4: Determination of the voids ofdry compacted fillerThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPol
2、icy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2009. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 58929 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1097-4:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1097-4:2008. Itsupersedes BS EN 1097-4:1999 which is withdrawn.The UK participatio
3、n in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/502/6, Test methods.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correc
4、t application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 1097-4:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1097-4March 2008ICS 91.100.15 Supersedes EN 1097-4:1999 English VersionTests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates -Part 4:
5、Determination of the voids of dry compacted fillerEssais pour dterminer les caractristiques mcaniques etphysiques des granulats - Partie 4: Dtermination de laporosit du filler sec compactPrfverfahren fr mechanische und physikalischeEigenschaften von Gesteinskrnungen - Teil 4:Bestimmung des Hohlraumg
6、ehaltes an trockenverdichtetem FllerThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 February 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-
7、date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder th
8、e responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary
9、, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue d
10、e Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1097-4:2008: EBS EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Principle
11、5 5 Apparatus .5 6 Preparation of test portion8 7 Procedure .8 8 Calculation and expression of results.9 9 Test report 9 Annex A (informative) Precision 10 Bibliography 11 BS EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1097-4:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 15
12、4 “Aggregates”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Sept
13、ember 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1097-4:1999. This European Standard forms part
14、 of a series of standards for tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates. Test methods for other properties of aggregates will be covered by Parts of the following European Standards: EN 932, Tests for general properties of aggregates EN 933, Tests for geometrical properties of aggre
15、gates EN 1367, Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates EN 1744, Tests for chemical properties of aggregates EN 13179, Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures The other Parts of EN 1097 are: Part 1: Determination of the resistance to wear (micro-Deval) Part 2: Methods
16、 for the determination of resistance to fragmentation Part 3: Determination of loose bulk density and voids Part 5: Determination of the water content by drying in a ventilated oven Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption Part 7: Determination of the particle density of filler
17、 - Pyknometer method Part 8: Determination of the polished stone value Part 9: Determination of the resistance to wear by abrasion from studded tyres - Nordic test Part 10: Determination of water suction height According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations o
18、f the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slo
19、vakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 4 1 Scope This standard describes the reference method used for type testing and in cases of dispute, the determination of the voids of dry compacted filler by means of a Rigden apparatus. For oth
20、er purposes, in particular factory production control, other methods may be used provided that an appropriate working relationship with the reference method has been established. The test is applicable to natural and manufactured fillers. It is used, for example to determine their bitumen carrying c
21、apacity. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-2, Tests f
22、or general properties of aggregates - Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates - Part 5: Common equipment and calibration EN 1097-7, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 7: Determination of the particle density
23、of filler - Pyknometer method EN 10025 (all parts), Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 percentage air voids volume of air filled space in the filler, expressed as a percentage of
24、 the total volume of the filler after compaction by a standard method 3.2 laboratory sample reduced sample derived from a bulk sample for laboratory testing 3.3 test portion sample used as a whole in a single test 3.4 test specimen sample used in a single determination when a test method requires mo
25、re than one determination of a property 3.5 constant mass successive weighings after drying at least 1 h apart not differing by more than 0,1 % NOTE In many cases constant mass can be achieved after a test portion has been dried for a pre-determined period in a specified oven at (110 5) C. Test labo
26、ratories can determine the time required to achieve constant mass for specific types and sizes of sample dependent upon the drying capacity of the oven used. BS EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 5 3.6 filler aggregate aggregate, most of which passes a 0,063 mm sieve, which can be added to constructio
27、n materials to provide certain properties 4 Principle The filler is compacted in a standard way by using a compaction apparatus. The volume of the compacted filler is determined using the height of the compacted filler bed. Using the known particle density of the compacted filler, the air void conte
28、nt of the compacted filler is calculated. 5 Apparatus 5.1 All apparatus, unless otherwise stated, shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5. 5.2 Ventilated drying oven, thermostatically controlled to maintain a temperature of (110 5) C. 5.3 Desiccator, filled with an appropriate amount o
29、f desiccant. 5.4 Spatula 5.5 Compaction apparatus, made of hardened steel, conforming to EN 10025, consisting of the following elements. NOTE Examples of typical apparatus are shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. 5.5.1 Dropping block, comprising a hollow cylinder with a flat, closed bottom, with an inner
30、 diameter of (25 1) mm and an inner height of (65 5) mm. The cylinder shall be fitted with a collar or pilot blocks to guide it along the pilot bars during the test. 5.5.2 Plunger, with a bore hole along its longitudinal axis of diameter (1,6 0,1) mm over a length of 10 mm from the bottom and equal
31、or wider above. The difference in the diameter between the plunger and the cylinder shall be (0,20 0,05) mm. The plunger shall be provided with a circumferential groove about 5 mm from its lower end to accommodate filler that works up the side of the cylinder while in use. This groove shall be 2 mm
32、to 3 mm wide and 1 mm to 2 mm deep. The mass of the plunger shall be (350 1) g and the mass of the dropping block with plunger shall be (875 25) g. NOTE For newly manufactured apparatus, the following dimensions should be used. a) Dropping block inner diameter of (25,4 0,1) mm; inner height of (63 0
33、,1) mm; b) Mass of dropping block with plunger (875 10) g. BS EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 6 Key 1 Dropping block 2 Plunger 3 Base plate 4 Tare boring Figure 1 - Typical compaction apparatus BS EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 7 Key 1 Dropping block 2 Plunger 3 Base plate 4 Grooves for depth cal
34、liper 5 Tare boring Cross-section A - A Figure 2 - Typical four bar compaction apparatus 5.5.3 Base plate (solid), rectangular with a minimum length of 150 mm, and minimum width of 100 mm, or circular with a minimum diameter of 140 mm, and a minimum height of 20 mm. Two (see Figure 1) or four (see F
35、igure 2) upright pilot bars shall be mounted on the base plate to allow the dropping block and plunger to fall freely. The maximum dropping height of (102 1) mm shall be indicated by a stop on the pilot bars, preferably in combination with spacers to keep the pilot bars exactly parallel. During comp
36、action the apparatus shall be securely clamped or screwed onto a sturdy, non-flexible and even base (e.g., a concrete cube or pillar). BS EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 8 The apparatus shall be dry; the use of lubricants is not permitted. 5.6 Vernier depth calliper or dial gauge, for measuring the
37、 height of the compacted filler. NOTE The vernier depth calliper can be accommodated in grooves (i) in the upper ends of two pilot bars and a tare boring in the plunger. The dial gauge can be clamped on the cross arm of a stand, on which the dropping block with plunger (empty for zero value setting)
38、 is placed for height measurement. The accuracy of the depth calliper or dial gauge shall be at least 0,01 mm. 5.7 Balance, accuracy 0,01 g. 5.8 Filter paper, (20 5) g/m2in mass and (25 1) mm in diameter. 5.9 Test sieve, 0,125 mm size and suitable receiver. 6 Preparation of test portion Reduce the s
39、ize of the laboratory sample in accordance with EN 932-2. The test portion before drying shall have a minimum mass of 150 g. Dry the test portion at (110 5) C to constant mass and leave it to cool down in the desiccator for at least 90 min. Check the test portion for the presence of lumps and, if pr
40、esent, pulverise them carefully with a spatula. Mix the pulverised lumps. Dry sieve the filler using the 0,125 mm sieve. Retain all of the particles which pass the sieve. 7 Procedure Determine the particle density of the filler in accordance with EN 1097-7. Carry out the determination of voids using
41、 three separate test specimens. Insert a filter paper and the plunger into the empty cylinder and set the zero height of the cylinder with filter paper and plunger with the depth gauge calliper or dial gauge. Weigh the dropping block without the plunger, but with one filter paper, to an accuracy of
42、0,01 g and record the mass (mo). Remove the filter paper from the cylinder. Place (10 1) g of filler into the dropping block cylinder and spread evenly by gently tapping the dropping block on the table. Put the filter paper on the filler and carefully insert the plunger into the cylinder, taking car
43、e that the filler does not work up the side of the cylinder. Carefully press the plunger to the compact the filler. Position the dropping block with filler and plunger over or between the pilot bars on the base plate. Raise the dropping block to the upper stop (the touch shall be as light as possibl
44、e) and let it fall freely to the base. Repeat the procedure 100 times at intervals of approximately 1 s. NOTE Automatic compaction is possible if it complies with the requirements specified above. After 100 impacts, read the height (h) of the compacted filler to the nearest 0,01 mm, either by placin
45、g the depth calliper on the pilot bars or by taking the dropping block off the pilot bars and placing it under the dial gauge. Take the dropping block off the pilot bars (if not previously done) and carefully remove the plunger from the cylinder without disturbing the compacted bed of filler. Weigh
46、the cylinder with the filler and filter paper (m1) with an accuracy of 0,01 g and determine the mass of the compacted filler m2= (m1- m0) g. After each test, clean the apparatus thoroughly. Carry out the determination of m2and h in triplicate and use a new amount of filler for every determination. B
47、S EN 1097-4:2008EN 1097-4:2008 (E) 9 8 Calculation and expression of results Calculate the voids from the individual values of m2and h with an accuracy of 0,1 % in accordance with the following equation: 1001041223=hmf (1) where v is the voids, in percent; m2is the mass of the compacted filler, in g
48、rams; is the inner diameter of the dropping block cylinder, in millimetres; is the particle density of the filler, in megagrams per cubic metre; h is the height of the compressed filler, in millimetres. Calculate the voids of the filler as the mean of the three determinations, and round off to 1 %.
49、NOTE A statement on the precision of this test is given in Annex A. 9 Test report 9.1 Required data The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this European Standard (EN 1097-4:2008); b) voids of the filler; c) number of pilot bars (2 or 4) on the base plate used; d) brand name or type/source of the filler; e) name and location of the sample source; f) date of the determination. 9.2 Optional data The test report can include the following information: a) description of the sample; b)
