1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 12274-8:2005Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 8: Visual assessment of defectsThe European Standard EN 12274-8:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 93.080.20g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g
2、55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 12274-8:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 14 December 2005 BSI 14 December 2005ISBN 0 580 47265 5National forewordThis British Stan
3、dard is the official English language version of EN 12274-8:2005. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/510, Road materials, to Subcommittee B/510/2, Surface dressings, sprays and slurry surfacings, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand
4、 the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.A list of organizations represented on this subco
5、mmittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “
6、Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal
7、obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No
8、. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 12274-8September 2005ICS 93.080.20English VersionSlurry surfacing - Test methods - Part 8: Visual assessment ofdefectsMateriaux bitumineux couls a froid - Mthodes d essai -Partie 8: Evaluation visuelleDnne Asphaltschichten in Kaltbauwe
9、ise - Prfverfahren -Teil 8: Augenscheinliche BeurteilungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 August 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any
10、alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tra
11、nslationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hun
12、gary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Sta
13、ssart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12274-8:2005: EEN 12274-8:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 4 4 Visual assessment
14、of defects 6 5 Expression of Results 10 6 Test report .12 Annex A (normative) Qualitative assessment Estimated “drive-over“ method 13 Annex B (normative) Quantitative assessment Measured method15 Annex C (informative) Photographs of defects 16 Bibliography.22 EN 12274-8:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This Euro
15、pean Standard (EN 12274-8:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March
16、 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2006. This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below: EN 12274-1, Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 1: Sampling for binder extraction. EN 12274-2, Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 2: Determ
17、ination of residual binder content. EN 12274-3, Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 3: Consistency. EN 12274-4, Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 4: Determination of cohesion of the mix. EN 12274-5, Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 5: Determination of wearing. EN 12274-6, Slurry surfacing Test met
18、hods Part 6: Rate of application. EN 12274-7, Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 7: Shaking abrasion test. EN 12274-8, Slurry surfacing Test methods Part 8: Visual assessment of defects. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countrie
19、s are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
20、 and United Kingdom. EN 12274-8:2005 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies qualitative and quantitative test methods of the visual assessment of defects of slurry surfacing. This European Standard is applicable to all slurry surfacing (roads, airfields and other areas). The visual assessmen
21、t reports for both methods have identical records and thus both may be used to check the specification for visual assessment of defects. Defects emanating from the substrate (existing road) must not be taken into consideration. NOTE 1 The qualitative and quantitative tests may be used separately or
22、sequentially. This may relate to different types of sites (for example lightly trafficked roads may not be required to be quantitatively assessed). NOTE 2 The test may be used to evaluate the durability of slurry surfacing. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable
23、for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13036-1, Road and airfield surface characteristics Test methods Part 1: Measurement of pav
24、ement surface macrotexture depth using a volumetric measurement patch technique 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply. 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 defect state of a slurry surfacing where the material is af
25、fected by one or more of the effects defined in this European Standard (see 3.1.2 to 3.1.13). 3.1.2 bleeding, fatting up and tracking appearance of free binder at the surface NOTE This may be due to the binder migrating to the surface (bleeding) or to coarse aggregate migrating downwards (fatting up
26、) or a combination of the two, it is often difficult to visually separate the two causes. Tracking is evident as shiny areas caused by traffic resulting in loss of macrotexture normally in the wheel tracks. 3.1.3 delamination detachment of the slurry surfacing from the underlying road or from a lowe
27、r layer of a multi-layer slurry surfacing 3.1.4 wearing and loss of slurry surfacing loss of mass of material EN 12274-8:2005 (E) 5 3.1.5 loss of coarse aggregate loss of chippings due to the action of traffic before the slurry surfacing has gained sufficient strength or by stripping of the binder f
28、rom the aggregate 3.1.6 lane joint gaps incomplete layer of slurry surfacing between adjacent lanes 3.1.7 rutting permanent deformation, by flow, of the slurry surfacing layer, which occurs in the wheel tracks 3.1.8 slippage horizontal deformation by flow of the slurry surfacing over the layer benea
29、th or the underlying road due to the action of traffic 3.1.9 corrugation transverse undulations at more or less regular spacing (the area encompassing the corrugation is measured) 3.1.10 bump (ridge) transverse or longitudinal raised area NOTE This may be caused by overlap during installation. 3.1.1
30、1 small repetitive defects or groups of small defects defects less than 1 m2and greater than 10 D2where D is the upper aggregate size as defined in EN 13043 for the slurry surfacing being visually assessed NOTE They may be grouped together for evaluation. 3.1.12 other defects defects caused by opera
31、tions on the road since the slurry surfacing was laid, for example damage caused by winter maintenance or accident. These are not considered as a defect in this European Standard 3.1.13 longitudinal grooves (score marks) marks parallel to the laying direction below the general finished level of the
32、slurry surfacing NOTE Longitudinal grooves are often produced by larger aggregate particles or broken and hardened mix dragged by the spreader box. 3.1.14 width of lane when there are no road markings, the lane width is the full road width; when there are road markings, the lane width is the distanc
33、e between the centre marking and kerb or verge; and when there are more than two lanes, then the outside or centre lanes and hard shoulder (safety zone) are considered separately EN 12274-8:2005 (E) 6 3.2 Symbols A1is the sum of the areas of bleeding fatting up and tracking in the 100 m section bein
34、g considered, in square metres (m2); A2is the sum of the areas of delamination, loss of aggregate, wearing, lane joint gaps, rutting and slippage in the 100 m section being considered, in square metres (m2); A3is the sum of the areas of corrugation, bumps and ridges in the 100 m section being consid
35、ered, in square metres (m2); A4is the sum of the areas of the rectangle or rectangles containing small repetitive defects or group of small defects in the 100 m section being considered, in square metres (m2); D is the upper aggregate sieve size of the slurry surfacing (as in EN 13043); L is the tot
36、al length of longitudinal grooves in the 100 m section, in metres (m); P1is the proportion of area of bleeding, fatting up and tracking in the 100 m section being considered, expressed as a percentage (%), of the area of the section; P2is the proportion of area of delamination, loss of aggregate, we
37、aring, lane joint gaps, rutting and slippage in the 100 m section being considered, expressed as a percentage (%), of the area of the section; P3is the proportion of area of corrugation, bumps and ridges in the 100 m section being considered, expressed as a percentage (%), of the area of the section
38、; P4is the proportion of area of the rectangle or rectangles containing a group of small defects or small repetitive defects, in the 100 m section being considered, expressed as a percentage (%), of the area of the section plus the number of rectangles (see Annex A, line 14 and Annex B, line 14, are
39、a and number); S is the area of 100 m long section of slurry surfacing, in square metres (m2); W is the mean width of lane, in metres (m). 4 Visual assessment of defects 4.1 General A (100 1) m section of slurry surfacing is chosen for visual assessment for each lane of the road. The section referen
40、ce shall be recorded in the relevant annex. Sections may be located anywhere along the road except that they shall not overlap. The remainder of the site that is not chosen for testing or the area between sections is deemed to be without defects at the time the test is carried out. NOTE 1 The sectio
41、ns should be chosen in order to maximise the number of defects in each section. NOTE 2 If the defects are localised there may be only one section chosen in one lane for the entire length of road treated. EN 12274-8:2005 (E) 7 NOTE 3 Where the whole site has defects to be evaluated, it may be conveni
42、ent to divide it up into (100 1) m sections that are contiguous (for example a 1 km road with no road markings would have ten sections, or twenty if there is a centre line marking). NOTE 4 Photographic records of sites and defects included in Annex C may assist in assessment. 4.2 Qualitative assessm
43、ent 4.2.1 Procedure The qualitative assessment uses the visual assessment report as given in Annex A. Determine the section where the visual assessment is to be made (see 4.1). For the defect being considered, if there is none detected by this qualitative visual assessment then “none” should be repo
44、rted according to Annex A. 4.2.1.1 Area defects Estimate the area S of the 100 m section. Area defects shall be assessed individually if they are larger than 1 m2. Where they are smaller than this see 4.2.1.1.4. 4.2.1.1.1 Bleeding, fatting up and tracking The areas of bleeding, fatting up and tracki
45、ng shall be estimated and recorded if the individual area of a defect is more than 1 m. A1 is thesum of these defects. P1is A1divided by S as a percentage (see 5.1.3.2 (1). P1shall be recorded according to Annex A. If there is a doubt, these defects may be determined by measurement of macrotexture a
46、ccording to EN 13036-1. NOTE If the result in the areas are less than 0,4 mm texture depth for microsurfacing or slurry surfacing of greater than 4 mm nominal size or 0,2 mm for 4 mm or smaller nominal size slurry surfacing, then they may be considered as defects. 4.2.1.1.2 Delamination, loss of agg
47、regate, wearing, lane joint gaps, rutting and slippage The areas of these defects shall be estimated and recorded if the individual area of a defect is more than 1 m. A2 is thesum of these defects. P2is A2divided by S as a percentage (see 5.1.3.3, equation (2). P2shall be recorded according to Annex
48、 A. NOTE Care should be taken to ensure that a lane joint gap is only included in one section. 4.2.1.1.3 Corrugation, bumps and ridges Bumps and ridges can be considered as defects if their height above the surrounding material is equal to or greater than 20 mm. NOTE Corrugations can be considered a
49、s defects if the amplitude (peak to trough) measured by laying an approximately 1 m long straightedge is greater than 5 mm and the distance between the two adjacent wave peaks is between approximately 50 mm and 200 mm. The total area encompassing the corrugation is assessed. EN 12274-8:2005 (E) 8 The areas of these defects shall be estimated and recorded if the individual area of the defect is more than 1 m. A3 is thesum of the areas of these defects. P3is A3divided by S as a percentage (see 5.1.3.4 (3). P3shall be recorde
