1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12457-2:2002 Characterisation of waste Leaching Compliance test for leaching of granular waste materials and sludges Part 2: One stage batch test at a liquid to solid ratio of 10 l/kg for materials with particle size below 4 mm (without or with size reduction) The European Sta
2、ndard EN 12457-2:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.030.10; 13.030.20 BS EN 12457-2:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy
3、 and Strategy Committee on 15 October 2002 BSI 15 October 2002 ISBN 0 580 40582 6 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12457-2:2002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/508, Waste management, to Subcommittee
4、 B/508/3, Characterisation of waste, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may b
5、e found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are
6、 responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and
7、keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 27 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document i
8、ndicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN124572 September2002 ICS13.030.10;13.030.20 Englishversion CharacterisationofwasteLeachingCompliancetestfor leachingofgranularwastematerialsandsludge
9、sPart2:One stagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof10l/kgformaterials withparticlesizebelow4mm(withoutorwithsizereduction) CaractrisationdesdchetsLixiviationEssaide conformitpourlalixiviationdesdchetsfragmentsetdes bouesPartie2:Essaienbcheuniqueavecunrapport liquidesolidede10l/kgetunegranularitinfrieur
10、e4mm (sansouavecrductiondelagranularit) CharakterisierungvonAbfllenAuslaugung bereinstimmungsuntersuchungfrdieAuslaugungvon krnigenAbfllenundSchlmmenTeil2:Einstufiges SchttelverfahrenmiteinemFlssigkeits /Feststoffverhltnisvon10l/kgfrMaterialienmiteiner Korngreunter4mm(ohneodermit Korngrereduzierung
11、ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon17August2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmayb
12、eobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versio
13、ns. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKO
14、MITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2002CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN124572:2002EEN124572:2002(E) 2 Contents Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativereferences 5 3 Termsanddefinitions. .6 3.1 leach
15、ingtest . 6 3.2 leachant.6 3.3 eluate.6 3.4 singlebatchleachingtest .6 3.5 serialbatchleachingtest 6 3.6 liquidtosolidratioL/S (abbreviation:L/S) .6 3.7 liquidwaste .6 3.8 sludge6 3.9 monolithicwaste 6 3.10 granularwaste. .6 3.11 drymattercontentratio (abbreviation:DR) .6 3.12 moisturecontentratio (
16、abbreviationMC) .7 3.13 laboratorysample 7 3.14 testsample .7 3.15 testportion . 7 4 Compliancetest . 7 4.1 Principle7 4.2 Equipmentandreagents .7 4.3 Samplingstrategyandsamplepreparation 8 5 Procedure .10 5.1 Testingconditions .10 5.2 Descriptionoftheprocedure 10 5.3 Furtherpreparationoftheeluatefo
17、ranalysis 11 5.4 Blanktestfortheverificationoftheleachingprocedure . .11 6 Calculation11 7 Documentationandtestreport. 12 7.1 Samplepreparation .12 7.2 Productionofeluate 12 7.3 Analyticaldetermination .13 7.4 Calculationsandblanktestinformation . 13 8 Performancecharacteristics. 13 8.1 Objectiveoft
18、hevalidation . .13 8.2 Validationstudy .14 8.3 Validationresults .15 8.4 Summaryoftheperformancecharacteristicsevaluation . 18 AnnexA (informative) Informationontheinfluenceonthetestresultsoftheparametersthataffect leaching.20 AnnexB (informative) Testfordeterminingwhetherwasteisintheliquidstate.22
19、AnnexC (informative) ExampleofdatasheetforEN124572 .23 AnnexD (informative) ProcessmapforEN12457224 AnnexE (informative) Exampleofaspecificliquidsolidseparationprocedureforsoilsample.26 Bibliography 27EN124572:2002(E) 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN124572:2002)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC292
20、,“Characterisationof waste“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyNEN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyJune2003,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestby June2003. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECIntern
21、alRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain, Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Thisdoc
22、umenthasbeendevelopedprimarilytosupporttherequirementsforcompliancetestingwithintheEUand EFTAcountries. Thisdocumentwaselaboratedonthebasisof: DIN38414S4:1984 AFNORX31210:1992 NEN7343:1992 NORMS2072:1990 NoexistingEuropeanStandardissupersededbythepublicationofthisEuropeanStandard. AnnexesA,B,C,DandE
23、areinformative. ThisdocumentincludesaBibliography.EN124572:2002(E) 4 Introduction InthedifferentEuropeancountries,testshavebeendevelopedtocharacteriseandassesstheconstituentswhich canbeleachedfromwastematerials.Thereleaseofsolubleconstituentsuponcontactwithwaterisregardedasa mainmechanismofreleasewh
24、ichresultsinapotentialrisktotheenvironmentduringthereuseordisposalof wastematerials.Theintentofthesetestsistoidentifytheleachingpropertiesofwastematerials.Thecomplexityof theleachingprocessmakessimplificationsnecessary. Notalloftherelevantaspectsofleachingbehaviourcanbeaddressedinonestandard.Teststo
25、characterise wastematerialsandtheirbehaviourcangenerallybedividedintothreecategories: (1) “BasicCharacterisation“testsareusedtoobtaininformationontheshortandlongtermleaching behaviourandcharacteristicspropertiesofwastematerials.Liquid/solid(L/S)ratios,leachantcomposition, factorscontrollingleachabil
26、itysuchaspH,redoxpotential,complexingcapacityandphysicalparametersare addressedinthesetests; (2) “Compliance“testsareusedtodeterminewhetherthewastecomplieswithspecificreferencevalues.The testsfocusonkeyvariablesandleachingbehaviouridentifiedbybasiccharacterisationtests; (3) “Onsiteverification“tests
27、areusedasarapidchecktoconfirmthatthewasteisthesameasthatwhich hasbeensubjectedtothecompliancetest(s). TheproceduresdescribedinthisEuropeanStandardfallincategory2:compliancetests. ThefourproceduresdescribedinthefourfollowingEuropeanStandardsarebasedondifferentliquidtosolid(L/S) ratiosanddifferentpart
28、iclesizesbecausetheseparameters,amongothers,playanimportantroleintheleaching process: EN124571, Onestagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof2l/kgformaterialswithhighsolidcontentandwith particlesizebelow4mm(withoutorwithsizereduction). EN124572, Onestagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof10l/kgformaterialsw
29、ithparticlesizebelow4mm (withoutorwithsizereduction). EN124573, Twostagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof2l/kgand8l/kgformaterialswithhighsolidcontent andwithparticlesizebelow4mm(withoutorwithsizereduction). EN124574, Onestagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof10l/kgformaterialswithparticlesizebelow10mm
30、 (withoutorwithsizereduction). Eachpartspecifiesadistinctprocedure.Thespecificfeaturesofeachpartaredescribedinthescopeandprinciple ofeachpart.Forgivenwastestheresultscanbedifferentforthedifferentprocedures.Therearesixannexesto thisEuropeanStandardgivingusefulinformationontheselectionoftheappropriate
31、procedure,reference documentsandguidanceonthelimitationsoftheseprocedures. Thechoiceoftheproceduredependsonthedegreeandtypeofinformationrequiredforcompliancetesting.This choicehastobemadebytheorganisationestablishingthecompliancerequirements. ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesacompliancetest.Forbasicchar
32、acterisation,amethodologyforthe determinationoftheleachingbehaviourofwastehasbeendevelopedwithinTC292andformulatedinENV12920.EN124572:2002(E) 5 1Scope ThispartoffourEuropeanStandardsspecifiesacompliancetestprovidinginformationonleachingofgranular wastesandsludgesundertheexperimentalconditionsspecifi
33、edhereafter,andparticularlyaliquidtosolidratio of10l/kgdrymatter.Itappliestowastewhichhasaparticlesizebelow4mmwithoutorwithsizereduction(as specifiedin4.3.2) ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeendevelopedtoinvestigatemainlyinorganicconstituentsfromwastes.Itdoesnot takeintoaccounttheparticularcharacteristicsof
34、nonpolarorganicconstituentsnortheconsequencesof microbiologicalprocessesinorganicdegradablewastes. ThetestprocedurespecifiedinthisEuropeanStandardproducesaneluatewhichshallsubsequentlybe characterisedphysicallyandchemicallyaccordingtoappropriatestandardmethods. NOTE1 Thisprocedurecannotbeapplicablet
35、omaterialswithawatercontentorsuchawateraffinitythatagoodmixingof thesolidwiththepredeterminedquantityofliquidisnotachievable. NOTE2 Thisprocedurecannotbeapplicabletomaterialsreactingwiththeleachant,leading,forexample,toexcessivegas emission,asolidifyingeffectoranexcessiveheatrelease. NOTE3 Bycrushin
36、gthematerial,newsurfacesareexposedwhichmayleadtoachangeinleachingproperties. Thistestcannotbeusedalonetodeterminetheleachingbehaviourofawaste,asspecifiedinENV12920. ThisEuropeanStandarddoesnotaddressissuesrelatedtohealthandsafety. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundate
37、dreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Foru
38、ndatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). ENV12506, CharacterizationofwasteAnalysisofeluatesDeterminationofpH,As,Cd,CrVl,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn,Cl, NO 2 ,SO 4 2 . ENV13370, CharacterizationofwasteAnalysisofeluatesDeterminationofAmmoniumN,AOX,conductivity, Hg,pheno
39、lindex,TOC,CN easilyliberatable,F . EN12880, CharacterisationofsludgesDeterminationofdryresidueandwatercontent. ENISO3696, WaterforanalyticallaboratoryuseSpecificationandtestmethods(ISO3696:1987) . ENISO56673, WaterQualitySamplingPart3:Guidanceonthepreservationandhandlingofsamples(ISO 56673:1994). I
40、SO57255:1998, Accuracy(truenessandprecision)ofmeasurementmethodsandresultsPart5:Alternative methodsforthedeterminationoftheprecisionofastandardmeasurementmethod. ISO11465, SoilQualityDeterminationofdrymatterandwatercontentonamassbasisGravimetricmethod .EN124572:2002(E) 6 3 Termsanddefinitions Forthe
41、purposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply. 3.1 leachingtest testduringwhichamaterialisputintocontactwithaleachantandsomeconstituentsofthematerialareextracted 3.2 leachant liquidusedinaleachingtest NOTE ForthepurposeofthisEuropeanStandardtheleachantiswaterasspecifiedin4.2.15
42、 3.3 eluate solutionrecoveredfromaleachingtest 3.4 singlebatchleachingtest leachingtestinwhichafixedamountofmaterialisleachedinonestepwithafixedamountofleachant 3.5 serialbatchleachingtest leachingtestfortwoormoresubsequentextractionsofthesameportionofmaterialwithafreshamountof leachant 3.6 liquidto
43、solidratioL/S (abbreviation:L/S) ratiobetweenthetotalamountofliquid(Linlitre),whichinaleachingtestisincontactwiththewaste,andthedry massofthesample(Sinkgofdrymatter)abbreviatedL/Sandexpressedinl/kg 3.7 liquidwaste wastethatcompletelyflowsoutofacalibratedopening,downtotheupperleveloftheopeningwithinalimited periodoftimelessthan8h(annexBinformative) 3.8 sludge mixtureofliquidandsolidsseparatedfromvarioustypesofliquidsasaresultofnaturalorartificialprocesses NOTE Inthefieldofwatertreatment,theprevailingstandards(EN1085andEN
