1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12457-3:2002 Characterisation of waste Leaching Compliance test for leaching of granular waste materials and sludges Part 3: Two stage batch test at a liquid to solid ratio of 2 l/kg and 8 l/kg for materials with a high solid content and with a particle size below 4 mm (withou
2、t or with size reduction) The European Standard EN 12457-3:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.030.10; 13.030.20 BS EN 12457-3:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published u
3、nder the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 October 2002 BSI 15 October 2002 ISBN 0 580 40581 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12457-3:2002. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committe
4、e B/508, Waste management, to Subcommittee B/508/3, Characterisation of waste, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publi
5、cations referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the nec
6、essary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the int
7、erpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 30, an inside back cover and a
8、 back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN124573 September2002 ICS13.030.10;13.030.20 Englishversion CharacterisationofwasteLea
9、chingCompliancetestfor leachingofgranularwastematerialsandsludgesPart3:Two stagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof2l/kgand8l/kgfor materialswithhighsolidcontentandwithparticlesizebelow4 mm(withoutorwithsizereduction) CaractrisationdesdchetsLixiviationEssaide conformitpourlixiviationdesdchetsfragmentse
10、tdes bouesPartie3:Essaienbchedoubleavecunrapport liquidesolidede2l/kgetde8l/kgpourdesmatriaux forteteneurensolidesetunegranulatitinfrieure4mm (sansouavecrductiondelagranularit) CharakterisierungvonAbfllenAuslaugung bereinstimmungsuntersuchungfrdieAuslaugungvon krnigenAbfllenundSchlmmenTeil3:Zweistuf
11、iges SchttelverfahrenmiteinemFlssigkeits /Feststoffverhltnisvon2l/kgund8l/kgfrMaterialenmit hohemFeststoffgehaltundmiteinerKorngreunter4mm (ohneodermitKorngrereduzierung) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon17August2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulate
12、theconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,Ger
13、man).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland
14、,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2002CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved world
15、wideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN124573:2002EEN124573:2002(E) 2 Contents Foreword4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normativereferences 6 3 Termsanddefinitions. .7 3.1 leachingtest . 7 3.2 leachant.7 3.3 eluate.7 3.4 singlebatchleachingtest .7 3.5 serialbatchleachingtest 7 3.6 liquidtosolidratioL/S (a
16、bbreviation:L/S) .7 3.7 liquidwaste .7 3.8 sludge7 3.9 monolithicwaste 7 3.10 granularwaste. .7 3.11 drymattercontentratio (abbreviation:DR) .7 3.12 moisturecontentratio (abbreviationMC) .8 3.13 laboratorysample 8 3.14 testsample .8 3.15 testportion . 8 4 Compliancetest . 8 4.1 Principle8 4.2 Equipm
17、entandreagents .8 4.3 Samplingstrategyandsamplepreparation 9 5 Procedure .11 5.1 Testingconditions .11 5.2 Descriptionoftheprocedure 11 5.3 Furtherpreparationoftheeluatesforanalysis . .13 5.4 Blanktestfortheverificationoftheleachingprocedure . .13 6 Calculation13 6.1 Expressionoftheresults. .13 6.2
18、FirststepbatchatL/S=2 . 14 6.3 SecondstepbatchatL/S=8 14 7 Documentationandtestreport. 14 7.1 Samplepreparation .14 7.2 Productionofeluate 15 7.3 Analyticaldetermination .15 7.4 Calculationsandblanktestinformation . 16 8 Performancecharacteristics. 16 8.1 Objectiveofthevalidation . .16 8.2 Validatio
19、nstudy .16 8.3 Validationresults .17 8.4 Summaryoftheperformancecharacteristicsevaluation . 20 AnnexA (informative) Informationontheinfluenceonthetestresultsoftheparametersthataffect leaching.22 AnnexB (informative) Testfordeterminingwhetherwasteisintheliquidstate.24 AnnexC (informative) Exampleofda
20、tasheetforEN124573 .25 AnnexD (informative) ProcessmapforEN12457326 AnnexE (informative) Exampleofaspecificliquidsolidseparationprocedureforsoilsample.28EN124573:2002(E) 3 AnnexZA (Informative) NationaldeviationAfromFrance 29 Bibliography 30EN124573:2002(E) 4 Foreword Thisdocument(EN124573:2002)hasb
21、eenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC292,“Characterisationof waste“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyNEN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyJune2003,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestby J
22、une2003. ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionandtheEuropean FreeTradeAssociation,andsupportsessentialrequirementsofEUDirective(s). ForrelationshipwithEUDirective(s),seeinformativeannexZA,whichisanintegralpartofthisdocument. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegula
23、tions,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain, Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Thisdocumenthas
24、beendevelopedprimarilytosupporttherequirementsforcompliancetestingwithintheEUand EFTAcountries. Thisdocumentwaselaboratedonthebasisof: DIN38414S4:1984 AFNORX31210:1992 NEN7343:1992 NORMS2072:1990 NoexistingEuropeanStandardissupersededbythepublicationofthisEuropeanStandard. AnnexesA,B,C,D,EandZAarein
25、formative. ThisdocumentincludesaBibliography.EN124573:2002(E) 5 Introduction InthedifferentEuropeancountries,testshavebeendevelopedtocharacteriseandassesstheconstituentswhich canbeleachedfromwastematerials.Thereleaseofsolubleconstituentsuponcontactwithwaterisregardedasa mainmechanismofreleasewhichre
26、sultsinapotentialrisktotheenvironmentduringthereuseordisposalof wastematerials.Theintentofthesetestsistoidentifytheleachingpropertiesofwastematerials.Thecomplexityof theleachingprocessmakessimplificationsnecessary. Notalloftherelevantaspectsofleachingbehaviourcanbeaddressedinonestandard.Teststochara
27、cterise wastematerialsandtheirbehaviourcangenerallybedividedintothreecategories: (1) “BasicCharacterisation“testsareusedtoobtaininformationontheshortandlongtermleaching behaviourandcharacteristicspropertiesofwastematerials.Liquid/solid(L/S)ratios,leachantcomposition, factorscontrollingleachabilitysu
28、chaspH,redoxpotential,complexingcapacityandphysicalparametersare addressedinthesetests; (2) “Compliance“testsareusedtodeterminewhetherthewastecomplieswithspecificreferencevalues.The testsfocusonkeyvariablesandleachingbehaviouridentifiedbybasiccharacterisationtests; (3) “Onsiteverification“testsareus
29、edasarapidchecktoconfirmthatthewasteisthesameasthatwhich hasbeensubjectedtothecompliancetest(s). TheproceduresdescribedinthisEuropeanStandardfallincategory2:compliancetests. ThefourproceduresdescribedinthefourfollowingEuropeanStandardsarebasedondifferentliquidtosolid(L/S) ratiosanddifferentparticles
30、izesbecausetheseparameters,amongothers,playanimportantroleintheleaching process: EN124571, Onestagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof2l/kgformaterialswithhighsolidcontentandwith particlesizebelow4mm(withoutorwithsizereduction). EN124572, Onestagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof10l/kgformaterialswithpa
31、rticlesizebelow4mm (withoutorwithsizereduction). EN124573, Twostagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof2l/kgand8l/kgformaterialswithhighsolidcontent andwithparticlesizebelow4mm(withoutorwithsizereduction). EN124574, Onestagebatchtestataliquidtosolidratioof10l/kgformaterialswithparticlesizebelow10mm (wit
32、houtorwithsizereduction). Eachpartspecifiesadistinctprocedure.Thespecificfeaturesofeachpartaredescribedinthescopeandprinciple ofeachpart.Forgivenwastestheresultscanbedifferentforthedifferentprocedures.Therearesixannexesto thisEuropeanStandardgivingusefulinformationontheselectionoftheappropriateproce
33、dure,reference documentsandguidanceonthelimitationsoftheseprocedures. Thechoiceoftheproceduredependsonthedegreeandtypeofinformationrequiredforcompliancetesting.This choicehastobemadebytheorganisationestablishingthecompliancerequirements. ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiesacompliancetest.Forbasiccharacter
34、isation,amethodologyforthe determinationoftheleachingbehaviourofwastehasbeendevelopedwithinTC292andformulatedinENV12920.EN124573:2002(E) 6 1Scope ThispartoffourEuropeanStandardsspecifiesacompliancetestprovidinginformationonleachingofgranular wastesandsludgesundertheexperimentalconditionsspecifiedher
35、eafter,andparticularlyaliquidtosolidratio of2l/kgdrymatterinafirststepandsubsequentlyof8l/kgdrymatterinasecondstep.Itappliestowastewhich hasaparticlesizebelow4mmwithoutorwithsizereduction(asspecifiedin4.3.2) ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeendevelopedtoinvestigatemainlyinorganicconstituentsfromwastes.Itdoe
36、snot takeintoaccounttheparticularcharacteristicsofnonpolarorganicconstituentsnortheconsequencesof microbiologicalprocessesinorganicdegradablewastes. ThetestprocedurespecifiedinthisEuropeanStandardproduceseluateswhichshallsubsequentlybe characterisedphysicallyandchemicallyaccordingtoappropriatestanda
37、rdmethods. Thisprocedureisonlyapplicabletowastematerialandsludgeshavingahighsolidcontent:thedrymattercontent ratioshallbeatleasthigherthan33%.Inaddition,thenecessaryquantityofeluateineachstepshallbeobtained toperformthephysicalandchemicalcharacterisationoftheeluate.Furthermore,theminimumdrymattercon
38、tent ratioshallbehighenoughtoallowasufficientmixingoftheleachantandthetestportion. NOTE1 Thisprocedurecannotbeapplicabletomaterialswithawatercontentorsuchawateraffinitythatagoodmixingof thesolidwiththepredeterminedquantityofliquidisnotachievable. NOTE2 Thisprocedurecannotbeapplicabletomaterialsreact
39、ingwiththeleachant,leading,forexample,toexcessivegas emission,asolidifyingeffectoranexcessiveheatrelease. NOTE3 Bycrushingthematerial,newsurfacesareexposedwhichmayleadtoachangeinleachingproperties. NOTE4 Inrelationwiththeminimumdrymattercontentratiorequiredforobtainingenougheluateinthefirststep,thet
40、est portionspecifiedinthisEuropeanStandardof175gramdrymatterresultsinamaximumvolumeofeluateof175mlifitsdry mattercontentratiois50%. Whenthefirststepofthispart3isnotapplicable,theleachingtestatL/S=10specifiedinpart2canbe performed. Thistestcannotbeusedalonetodeterminetheleachingbehaviourofawaste,assp
41、ecifiedinENV12920. ThisEuropeanStandarddoesnotaddressissuesrelatedtohealthandsafety. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.F
42、or datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). ENV12506, CharacterizationofwasteAnalysisofeluatesDetermi
43、nationofpH,As,Cd,CrVl,Cu,Ni,Pb,Zn,Cl, NO 2 ,SO 4 2 . ENV13370, CharacterizationofwasteAnalysisofeluatesDeterminationofAmmoniumN,AOX,conductivity, Hg,phenolindex,TOC,CN easilyliberatable,F . EN12880, CharacterisationofsludgesDeterminationofdryresidueandwatercontent. ENISO3696, WaterforanalyticallaboratoryuseSpecificationandtestmethods(ISO3696:1987) . ENISO56673, WaterQualitySamplingPart3:Guidanceonthepreservationandhandlingofsamples(ISO 56673:1994). ISO57255:1998, Accuracy(truenessandprecision)ofmeasurementmethodsandresults
