1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 12951:2004Prefabricated accessories for roofing Permanently fixed roof ladders Product specification and test methodsThe European Standard EN 12951:2004 has the status of a British StandardICS 97.140g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g4
2、4g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 12951:2004This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 September 2005 BSI 15 September 2005ISBN 0 580 46592 6
3、National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12951:2004.BS EN 12951:2004 is a candidate “harmonized” European standard and fully takes into account the requirements of the European Commission mandates M/122, Roof coverings, roof lights, roof windows and ancil
4、lary products, and intended to lead to CE marking. The date of applicability of BS EN 12951:2004 as a harmonized European standard, i.e. the date after which this standard may be used for CE marking purposes, is subject to an announcement in the Official Journal of the European Communities.The Commi
5、ssion in consultation with Member States has agreed a transition period for the co-existence of harmonized European Standards and their corresponding national standard(s). It is intended that this period will comprise a period, usually nine months, after the date of availability of the European Stan
6、dard, during which any required changes to national regulations are to be made, followed by a further period, usually of 12 months, for the implementation of CE marking. At the end of this co-existence period, the natinal standard(s) will be withdrawn.There are no conflicting national standards to b
7、e withdrawn.The UK participation in the preparation of BS EN 12951:2004 was entrusted by Technical Committee B/508, Stairs and walkways, to its Subcommittee, B/208/1, Stairs and walkways Industrial stairs, which has the responsibility to:A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can b
8、e obtained on request to its secretary.This British Standard is one of several standards covering permanent fittings to give access to high structures including high buildings, chimneys, and plant. Other related standards include:BS 3572, Specification for access fittings for chimneys and other high
9、 structures in concrete or brickwork.BS 3678, Specification for access hooks for chimneys and other high structures in steel.BS 4211, Specification for permanently fixed ladders.BS 5395-3. Stairs, ladders and walkways Part 3: Code of practice for the design of industrial type stairs, permanent ladde
10、rs and walkways.BS EN ISO 14122, Safety of machinery Permanent means of access to machinery, particularly Part 4: Fixed ladders (to be published in 2005).For portable ladders in aluminium and timber, attention is drawn to BS 2037 and BS 1129 respectively.Attention is also drawn to the requirements o
11、f the Building Regulations for England and Wales, The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) and The Building Standards (Scotland) Regulations.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue
12、under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct a
13、pplication.Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this doc
14、ument indicates when the document was last issued. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments a
15、nd promulgate them in the UK.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 12951November 2004ICS 97.140English versionPrefabricated accessories for roofing - Permanently fixed roofladders - Product specification and test methodsAccessoires
16、 prfabriqus pour couverture - Echelles decouvreur solidement fixes - Spcifications des produits etmthodes dessaisVorgefertigte Zubehrteile fr Dacheindeckungen - Festinstallierte Dachleitern - Produktanforderungen undPrfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 March 2003.CEN members
17、are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to
18、the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same stat
19、us as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, S
20、pain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Me
21、mbers.Ref. No. EN 12951:2004: EEN 12951:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations .5 4 Materials .6 5 Dimensions and design requirements 6 5.1 General6 5.2 Dimensions.7 5.3 Design .7 5.3.1 General design requirements.7 5.3.2
22、 Additional design requirements for roof ladders type TA.7 6 Performance requirements .8 6.1 Static strength8 6.2 Resistance to torsion 8 6.3 Dynamic strength.8 6.4 Fire performance8 7 Testing 8 7.1 Static strength test (see Figure 4)8 7.1.1 Number of samples8 7.1.2 Test of steps and rungs 8 7.1.3 S
23、tile test 9 7.1.4 Test of the support and fastening system 9 7.2 Torsion test of steps and rungs.9 7.3 Dynamic strength test .9 8 Evaluation of conformity.10 8.1 General10 8.2 Type testing11 8.2.1 Initial type testing 11 8.2.2 Further type testing .11 8.3 Factory production control (FPC) 11 8.3.1 Ge
24、neral11 8.3.2 Equipment 12 8.3.3 Raw materials and components.12 8.3.4 Non-conforming products 12 8.3.5 Design process 12 8.3.6 Product testing and evaluation 12 9 Instructions for installation and maintenance12 10 Designation 12 11 Marking .13 12 Figures 13 Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this Eu
25、ropean Standard addressing the provisions of the EU Construction Products Directive18 ZA.1 Scope and relevant characteristics .18 ZA.2 Procedure for attestation of conformity of permanently fixed roof ladders. 19 ZA.2.1 System of attestation of conformity 19 EN 12951:2004 (E) 3 ZA.2.2 EC Declaration
26、 of conformity.19 ZA.3 CE Marking and labelling20 Bibliography22 EN 12951:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12951:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 128 “Roof covering products for discontinuous laying and products for wall cladding”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. T
27、his European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to C
28、EN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Annex ZA (informative): Clauses of this European Standard addres
29、sing the provisions of the EU Construction products directive. This European Standard does not take into account the EC Directive “Personal Protective Equipment“ (89/686/EC, 93/95/EC and 96/58/EC). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followi
30、ng countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
31、Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 12951:2004 (E) 5 1 Scope This document applies to permanently fixed ladders made of metal which are permanently installed on the load-bearing construction of pitched roofs and which may be stepped or walked on for purposes of inspection, maintenance and repair of e
32、quipment installed above the roof surface. This document specifies essential dimensions, materials to be used, requirements with respect to the load-bearing capacity, and the extent of testing. This document does not cover walkways, single treads, single steps or roof ladders that are not permanentl
33、y fixed nor does it cover fire escape ladders. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
34、amendments) applies. EN 364, Personal protective equipment against falls from a height Test methods. ISO 1140:1990, Ropes-Polyamide-Specification. 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 permanently fixed roof
35、ladders construction with steps or rungs which is permanently installed on a pitched roof 3.2 fastening system combination of elements which fastens the roof ladder to the load-bearing roof construction 3.3 load-bearing roof construction that part of the roof construction which is able to carry pote
36、ntial loads and to transmit them into the building structure 3.4 surface of roof covering highest elevation of roofing materials between the stiles of the roof ladder, smaller elevations (for example, standing seams of sheet metal covered roofs see Figure 1b), being ignored NOTE If the roof covering
37、 has wide profiles and the design of the ladder makes it possible to walk with the feet in the profiles, the profiles bottom may be considered as the surface. 3.5 symbols and abbreviations a Height of upstands or battens in order to protect people from slipping from ladders d Depth of steps or rungs
38、 EN 12951:2004 (E) 6 D Diameter of rungs F1(Test) load H Distance between highest elevation of roof covering and the upper edge of the step or rung between cross beams of the roof ladder, measured perpendicular to the roof surface L Length of steps or rungs x Horizontal distance between two steps or
39、 rungs y Vertical distance between two steps or rungs (rise of the steps or rungs) PCS Gross calorific potential 4 Materials Permanently fixed roof ladders and their fastening systems shall be made of metal and resistant to corrosion as well as to atmospheric and climatic influences. The materials s
40、hall be free from faults and inclusions which may impair their performance abilities. The corrosion resistance shall be at least equivalent to that of hot-dip galvanised steel with a protective layer of 50 m. Parts of the fastening systems beneath the roof covering may be from timber and shall then
41、be protected against atmospheric and climatic influences. Parts of the fastening system may consist of products for roof coverage. 5 Dimensions and design requirements 5.1 General In the working position all ladders shall be designed for a maximum static load of 150 kg (mass of one person with equip
42、ment). Roof ladders shall be categorised as follows: C1: Roof ladders that shall not be used as anchor points for personal protective equipment against falls from a height nor be used for attaching collective protection devices. C2: Roof ladders that may be used as anchor points for personal protect
43、ive equipment against falls from a height There are two different types of roof ladders: TA: Roof ladders with steps. NOTE 1 Roof ladders with steps should primarily be used on roof surfaces with an inclination of 10 and 45. TB: Roof ladders with rungs. NOTE 2 Roof ladders with rungs should primaril
44、y be used on roof surfaces with an inclination of 45 EN 12951:2004 (E) 7 5.2 Dimensions Steps shall have a minimum depth (d) of 80 mm (see Figure 3: Roof ladder dimensions). Rungs shall have a depth (d) of 20 mm and 80 mm (see Figure 2a). If rungs consist of a round tube the diameter (D) shall be 25
45、 mm and 40 mm (see Figure 2b: Roof ladder type B). The length (L) of steps or rungs shall be at least 300 mm for category 1 and 350 mm for category 2 (see Figure 3). The roof ladder shall be designed in such a way that when the roof ladder has been fixed to the roof construction there is a minimum d
46、istance between the upper edge of the step or rung and the surface of the roof covering of H 100 mm measured rectangular to the roof pitch. The sum of (d) + 2 (y) shall not exceed 690 mm (see Figure 3). 5.3 Design 5.3.1 General design requirements Permanently fixed roof ladders shall have supports a
47、t least at the top and at the bottom fixing them to the load-bearing roof construction. The surface of steps and rungs shall be designed in such a manner that slipping of persons and collection of water and snow is prevented. In order to protect people against slipping from ladders, steps and rungs
48、shall be equipped with upstands or side battens along the side which, measured at the centre of the steps surface (d/2), shall have a minimum height of 20 mm (a) (see figure 2a). Where steps or rungs are installed between stiles, the stiles shall perform this function. Roof ladders and fastening sys
49、tems above roof coverings shall be free from sharp corners or edges. For category 2 ladders any anchor point shall be designed in such a way that a connected rope of the personal protective equipment against falls from a height cannot be damaged. Roof ladders and their fastening systems shall be designed in such a way that the roof covering, the membrane, and the load-bearing construction are not damaged during installation and normal use and are protected against atmospheric and climatic influences. 5.3.2 Additional design requirements f
