1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12977-3:2012Thermal solar systems andcomponents Custom builtsystemsPart 3: Performance test methods for solarwater heater storesBS EN 12977-3:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational
2、forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12977-3:2012.It supersedes BS EN 12977-3:2008 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RHE/25, Solar Heating.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on requ
3、est to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75651 1ICS 27.160; 91.140.65; 97.100.99Complianc
4、e with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 12977-3:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROP
5、ISCHE NORM EN 12977-3 April 2012 ICS 27.160 Supersedes EN 12977-3:2008English Version Thermal solar systems and components - Custom built systems - Part 3: Performance test methods for solar water heater storesInstallations solaires thermiques et leurs composants - Installations assembles faon - Par
6、tie 3: Mthodes dessai des performances des dispositifs de stockage des installations de chauffage solaire de leau Thermische Solaranlagen und ihre Bauteile - Kundenspezifisch gefertigte Anlagen - Teil 3: Leistungsprfung von Warmwasserspeichern fr Solaranlagen This European Standard was approved by C
7、EN on 19 February 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standa
8、rds may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and not
9、ified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuan
10、ia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
11、2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12977-3:2012: EBS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5Introduction .61 Scope 72 Normative references 73 Terms and definitions .74 Symbols and abbreviatio
12、ns . 115 Store classification . 126 Laboratory store testing 136.1 Requirements on the testing stand . 136.1.1 General . 136.1.2 Measured quantities and measuring procedure 166.2 Installation of the store 176.2.1 Mounting 176.2.2 Connection 176.3 Test and evaluation procedures 176.3.1 General . 176.
13、3.2 Test sequences . 196.3.3 Data processing of the test sequences 307 Store test combined with a system test according to ISO 9459-5 . 318 Store test according to EN 12897 329 Test report . 329.1 General . 329.2 Description of the store . 329.3 Test results 339.4 Parameters for the simulation . 34A
14、nnex A (normative) Store model benchmark tests 35A.1 General . 35A.2 Temperature of the store during stand-by . 35A.3 Heat transfer from heat exchanger to store . 35Annex B (normative) Verification of store test results . 37B.1 General . 37B.2 Test sequences for verification of store test results 37
15、B.2.1 General . 37B.2.2 Verification sequences from measurements on a store testing stand . 37B.2.3 Test sequences obtained during a whole system test according to ISO 9459-5 . 44B.3 Verification procedure 44B.3.1 General . 44B.3.2 Error in transferred energies . 44B.3.3 Error in transferred power .
16、 45Annex C (normative) Benchmarks for the parameter identification . 46Annex D (informative) Requirements for the numerical store model . 47D.1 General . 47D.2 Assumptions . 47D.3 Calculation of energy balance . 47BS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 3 Annex E (informative) Determination of store p
17、arameters by means of “up-scaling” and “down-scaling”. 49E.1 General . 49E.2 Requirements . 49E.3 Determination of store parameters 50E.3.1 Thermal capacity of store . 50E.3.2 Height of store . 50E.3.3 Determination of heat loss capacity rate 50E.3.4 Relative heights of the connections and the tempe
18、rature sensors . 50E.3.5 Heat exchangers 50E.3.6 Parameter describing the degradation of thermal stratification during stand-by 51E.3.7 Parameter describing the quality of thermal stratification during direct discharge 51Annex F (informative) Determination of hot water comfort 52Bibliography 53Table
19、s Table 1 Classification of the stores . 12Table 2 Measuring data . 16Table 3 Compilation of the test sequences . 19Table 4 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test C (group 1) 20Table 5 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test C (group 2) 21Table 6 Flow rates and store inlet tempera
20、tures for Test C (group 3) 21Table 7 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test C (group 4) 22Table 8 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test L (group 1) 23Table 9 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures for Test L (group 2) . 24Table 10 Flow rates and store inlet temperature
21、s for Test L (group 3) 24Table 11 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test L (group 4) 25Table 12 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test NiA (group 2 or 4) 26Table 13 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test EiA . 27Table 14 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures
22、for Test NA (groups 1 and 3) 28Table 15 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test NB (group 1 and 3) 28Table 16 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test NB (groups 2 and 4) 29Table 17 Flow rates and store inlet temperatures for Test EB 30Table A.1 Results of the analytical solution 36
23、Table B.1 Compilation of the verification sequences 38Table B.2 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures for Test V (group 1) 39Table B.3 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures for Test V (group 2) 40Table B.4 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures for Test V (group 3) 41
24、Table B.5 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures for Test V (group 4) 42Table B.6 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures for Test NiA (group 2 or 4) 43Table B.7 Flow rates and storage device inlet temperatures for Test EiV . 44BS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 4 Figures Page
25、Figure 1 Charge circuit of the store-testing stand . 14Figure 2 Discharge circuit of the store-testing stand 15Figure A.1 Store considered as a twin tube heat exchanger 36BS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 12977-3:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC
26、312 “Thermal solar systems and components”, the secretariat of which is held by ELOT. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be with
27、drawn at the latest by October 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12977-3:2008. Accordi
28、ng to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy
29、, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 6 Introduction The test methods for stores of solar heating systems as described in this Europe
30、an Standard are required for the determination of the thermal performance of small custom built systems as specified in EN 12977-1. The test method described in this European Standard delivers a complete set of parameters, which are needed for the simulation of the thermal behaviour of a store being
31、 part of a small custom built thermal solar system. For the determination of store parameters such as the thermal capacity and the heat loss rate, the method standardised in EN 12897 can be used as an alternative. NOTE 1 The already existing test methods for stores of conventional heating systems ar
32、e not sufficient with regard to thermal solar systems. This is due to the fact that the performance of thermal solar systems depends much more on the thermal behaviour of the store (e.g. stratification, heat losses), than conventional systems do. Hence, this separate document for the performance cha
33、racterisation of stores for solar heating systems is needed. NOTE 2 For additional information about the test methods for the performance characterisation of stores, see 1 in Bibliography. BS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard specifies test methods for the performan
34、ce characterization of stores which are intended for use in small custom built systems as specified in EN 12977-1. Stores tested according to this document are commonly used in solar hot water systems. However, the thermal performance of all other thermal stores with water as a storage medium can al
35、so be assessed according to the test methods specified in this document. The document applies to stores with a nominal volume between 50 l and 3 000 l. This document does not apply to combistores. Performance test methods for solar combistores are specified in EN 12977-4. 2 Normative references The
36、following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12828, H
37、eating systems in buildings Design for water-based heating systems EN 12897, Water supply Specification for indirectly heated unvented (closed) storage water heaters EN ISO 9488:1999, Solar energy Vocabulary (ISO 9488:1999) ISO 9459-5, Solar heating Domestic water heating systems Part 5: System perf
38、ormance characterization by means of whole-system tests and computer simulation 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 9488:1999 and the following apply. 3.1 ambient temperature mean value of the temperature of the air surrounding the sto
39、re 3.2 charge process of transferring energy into the store by means of a heat source 3.3 charge connection pipe connection used for charging the storage device 3.4 combistore one store used for both domestic hot water preparation and space heating BS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 8 3.5 conditi
40、oning process of creating a uniform temperature inside the store by discharging the store with D,i = 20 C until a steady state is reached Note 1 to entry: The conditioning at the beginning of a test sequence is intended to provide a well-defined initial system state, i.e. e. a uniform temperature in
41、 the entire store. 3.6 constant charge power, cP charge power which is achieved when the mean value cP over the period of 0,5 reduced charge volumes is within cP cP 0,1 Note 1 to entry: The symbol ” above a certain value indicates that the corresponding value is a mean value. 3.7 constant inlet temp
42、erature, x,i temperature which is achieved during charge (x = C) or discharge (x = D), if the mean value x,i over the period of 0,5 “reduced charge/discharge volume” (see 3.34) is within (x,i 1) C Note 1 to entry: The symbol ” above a certain value indicates that the corresponding value is a mean va
43、lue. 3.8 constant flow rate, V the working temperature range shall be between 10 C and 90 C; NOTE 2 A typical heating power of the charge circuit is in the range of 15 kW. the minimum cooling power in the discharge circuit shall be at least 25 kW at a fluid temperature of 20 C; NOTE 3 A typical heat
44、ing power of the discharge circuit is in the range of 25 kW. NOTE 4 If mains water at a constant pressure and a constant temperature below 20 C is available, it is recommended to design the discharge circuit in a way, that it can be operated as closed loop or as open loop using mains water to discha
45、rge the store. the minimum heating up rate of the charge circuit with disconnected store shall be 3 K/min; the minimum available electrical heating power for electrical auxiliary heaters shall be 6,0 kW. NOTE 5 The electrical power of the pump (P101) should be chosen in such a way that the temperatu
46、re increase induced by the pump (P101) is either less than 0,6 K/h when the charge circuit is “short-circuited“ and operated at room temperature (“short-circuited” means that no storage device is connected and SV102, V113, V115 and V116 are closed, see Figure 1) or an additional cooling device shoul
47、d be integrated in the circuit. BS EN 12977-3:2012EN 12977-3:2012 (E) 14 Key FF flow meter HX heat exchanger OP overheating protection P pump ST store (belonging to test facility) SV solenoid valve TT temperature sensor TIC temperature indicator and controller V valve Figure 1 Charge circuit of the
48、store-testing stand The heating medium water in the charge circuit (see Figure 1) is pumped through the cooler (HX101) and the temperature controlled heaters (TIC106) by the pump (P101). A buffer tank (ST101) is used to balance the remaining control deviations. By means of the bypass (V107) the flow through the store can be controlled, it also ensures a continuously high flow through the heating section and therefore good control characteristics. With the solenoid valve (SV101), the heating medium ca
