1、BRITISH STANDARD Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures Test methods Determination of resistance of capillary absorption The European Standard EN 13057:2002 has the status ofa British Standard ICs 91.080.40 BS EN 13057:2002 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT
2、AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 13057:2002 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13057:2002. The UKparticipation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/5 17, Concrete, to Subcommittee B/517/8, Protection and repair of concrete s
3、tructures, which has the responsibility to: This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Building and Civil Engineering Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 July 2002 - - aid enquirers t
4、o understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations repres
5、ented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Inde
6、x”, or by using the “Search”faci1ity ofthe BSI Electronic Catalogue or ofBritish Stan dards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not ofitself confe
7、r immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued
8、since publication Amd.No. I Date I Comments OBSI 12 July 2002 ISBN O 580 40087 5 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13057 May 2002 ICs 91.080.40 English version Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures - Test methods - Determination of resistance of
9、 capillary absorption Produits et systmes pour la protection et la rparation des structures en bton - Mthodes dessai - Dtennination de labsorption capillaire Produkte und Systeme fr den Schutz und die Instandsetzung von Betontragwerken - Prfverfahren - Bestimmung der kapillaren Wasseraufnahme This E
10、uropean Standard was approved by CEN on 4 January 2002 CEN members are bound to comply with the CENLENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references c
11、oncerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its ow
12、n language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spai
13、n, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-I 050 Brussels O 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN nation
14、al Members. Ref. No. EN 13057:2002 E EN 13057:2002 (E) Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Principle 4 4 Equipment 4 5 Method of test 5 6 Expression of results 6 7 Test report 7 Annex A (normative) Summary of temperatures and humidities for the curing. conditioning and test
15、ing of repair products and systems 11 Bibliography 12 2 EN 13057:2002 (E) Foreword This document EN 16057:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 104 “Concrete and related products“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national
16、standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2002. It has been prepared by sub-committee 8 “Products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete struct
17、ures“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard is one of a series dealing with products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures. It gives definitions, requirements, quality control and attestation of conformity for the structural and non-structural
18、repair of concrete structures. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemb
19、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 3 EN 13057:2002 (E) 1 Scope This European Standard is one of a series dealing with products and systems for the protection and repair of concrete structures. It specifies a method for determining the resis
20、tance to water absorption of repair products and systems, as defined in prEN 1504-3l. The method is based on measuring the increase in weight due to capillary absorption of water over a fixed time interval. The weight of water absorbed is expressed as a coefficient, indicating the tendency of the sp
21、ecimen to imbibe water by capillary action without external pressure applied. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications
22、 are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendment
23、s). EN 196-1, Mefhods of fesfing cemenf - Par 1: Deferminafion of sfrengfh. prEN 1504-3, Producfs and sysfems for fhe profecfion and repair of concrefe sfrucfures - Definifions, requiremenfs, qualify confrol and evaluafion of conformify - Par 3: Sfrucfural and non-sfrucfural repair. IS0 554, Sfandar
24、d afmospheres for condifioning andlor fesfing - Specificafions. IS0 556, Condifioning and fesfing - Sfandard afmospheres - Definifions. 3 Principle The method of test is applicable to repair grout, mortar or concrete specimens. Hereafter the term mortar specimen refers equally to concrete, unless st
25、ated to the contrary. Resistance to capillary absorption is measured on the trowelled upper face of 100 mm diameter cylindrical specimens of mortar, with a thickness of at least 20 mm or three times the maximum aggregate size, whichever is the greater. As an alternative, the cut face of 100 mm diame
26、ter cores of repair mortar may be used. 4 Equipment 4.1 Standard laboratory climate in accordance with the requirements of annex A. 4.2 Moulds for producing specimens made from non absorbent, rigid material, not attacked by cement paste or polymers, of (100 f 5) mm internal diameter and (25 f 0,5) m
27、m depth, or other depth necessary to satisfy the requirement of being three times the maximum aggregate size. Suitable moulds may be prepared from rigid polypropylene pipe, cut to the appropriate length. It shall be ensured that around the circumference, the length of pipe is within f 0,5 mm of the
28、target depth of the specimen. 4.3 Flat bottomed, rigid tray and cover, into which the specimens are placed, resting on knife-edge supports to achieve a depth of water immersion of (2,O f 1 ,O) mm. The area of the tray should be at least twice the area of the test specimen(s) to be stood in the tray
29、with a cover to enclose fully the tray. 4.4 Demineralised water. Under preparation. 4 EN 13057:2002 (E) 4.5 Balance with a minimum resolution of 0,Ol g. 4.6 Stopwatch accurate to 1 second. 4.7 Mortar mixer, in accordance with EN 196-1, or forced action pan mixer 4.8 Compaction tools and equipment in
30、 accordance with EN 196-1. NOTE The compaction method shall be in accordance with the manufacturers instructions. 4.9 Ventilated oven operating at (40 f 2) OC. 5 Method of test The determination of water uptake is carried out on three specimens 5.1 Preparation of specimens All materials shall be con
31、ditioned in the standard laboratory climate (4.1) for a period of not less than 24 h prior to mixing . Unless otherwise instructed by the manufacturer, use the following mixing technique for preparing the specimens. For PCC and CC mortar, use the mortar mixer (4.7) set to a low speed, pouring the ga
32、uging liquid to the bowl and adding the dry ingredients, mixing for a total period of two minutes. For concrete mixes which contain coarse aggregates ( 5 mm), preparation shall be by forced action pan mixer (4.7), or as otherwise instructed by the manufacturer. For PC mortar, combine the component p
33、arts of the mortar, mixing until fully blended and streak-free. Where manufacturers instructions preclude use of part bags of material, a concrete mixer (4.7) or other method recommended by the manufacturer shall be used. NOTE 1 specified in EN 196-1. An alternative is to use a forced action pan mix
34、er (4.7). It has been found that certain types of repair mortar can foam excessively under the action of the mortar mixer Place the mixed material carefully into the cylindrical moulds, compacting thoroughly by vibro-compaction or as otherwise instructed by the manufacturer. Release of the mortar sh
35、all be achieved by lining the base of the mould with a suitable film, which does not react with the repair product or system. A light smearing of mould oil may be used on the sides of the mould before assembling the base plate. The specimens shall be finished flush with the sides of the mould using
36、a steel float, with this trowelled surface being the test face. NOTE 2 mortar under test. The air content, strength and density of the CC and PCC mixes should normally be determined to characterise the 5.2 Alternative preparation method With the approval of the manufacturer, longer test specimens ma
37、y be prepared than the 100 mm required under (clause 3), trimming the excess repair material once the sample has cured to leave the required length. In this case, the specimen shall be prepared in accordance with (5.1) above, ensuring the thickness is within the manufacturers recommended maximum val
38、ue. The cut face shall be the test face. 5 EN 13057:2002 (E) 5.3 Curing and conditioning Cure the specimens using the standard conditions given in annex A, or as otherwise agreed with the manufacturer, taking care to protect the test face from contamination. Where required, trim the specimens after
39、curing to give the specified length, using a diamond-bladed concrete saw. The cut face shall be parallel with the moulded test face, with the thickness at any point within f 1 mm of the length specified in (clause 3). After the required curing period, bring the specimens to a low and even moisture l
40、evel by drying in the oven (4.9) for a minimum of seven days at (40 f 2) “C until constant weight is achieved, defined as a weight change of not greater than 0,2 % in 2 h. Condition the specimens and the test equipment for at least 24 h under the dry conditions defined in annex A. 5.4 Test procedure
41、 Carry out the test in the standard laboratory climate (4.1). Before testing, weigh the specimens and record the dimensions. Mark eight equi-spaced axial lines around the perimeter of the test face using an indelible marker, to the full height of each specimen. Place the test face of each specimen o
42、n supports in the shallow tray (4.3) containing the water such that the depth of immersion up the sides of each specimen is (2 f 1) mm (see Figure 1). Start the stopwatch (4.6) immediately and place the cover over the tray to prevent air movement around the specimen under test. Determine the water u
43、ptake into the specimen at testing intervals appropriate to the rate of water uptake into the specimen, with at least six readings required. A reading shall always be taken after 2 h in any case. NOTE Intervals of 12 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h and 24 h are appropriate in most cases. Remove the speci
44、men from the tray and wipe it with absorbent paper to remove surplus water. Determine the mass of the specimen using the balance (4.5) to an accuracy of 0,Ol g. Record the location of the wet front after 2 h by marking the position on the eight axial lines. Return the specimen to the tray immediatel
45、y and replace the cover. It shall be ensured that the removal, drying, weighing and marking of the specimen and its return to the tray are complete within two minutes. 6 Expression of results The water uptake per unit area (0 shall be calculated for each time increment from the absorbed weight of wa
46、ter (kg) divided by the surface area of the test face (m2). 6.1 Sorption Coefficient Using a graph, plot i against the square root of the time of immersion (h). Determine the gradient of the resulting line, which should be linear, as shown in Figure 2. The gradient of the line is defined as the sorp
47、tion coefficient S (kg/(m2.h0,5). NOTE 1 the weight, using a density for water of 1 O00 kg/m3. The sorption coefficient can also be expressed in units of (m/h0,5), calculating the volume of water absorbed from Two special cases may exist: a) Flat end portion - as shown in Figure 3, where the specime
48、n reaches full saturation before the end of the test period. In this case, the gradient shall be calculated from the initial linear portion of the graph. NOTE 2 In the case where one or more specimens from a set of three has less than three readings taken before the front has reached the top of the
49、specimen, the results are to be discarded and the test repeated using a specimen thickness which is at least twice that of the discarded specimens. 6 EN 13057:2002 (E) b) Non-linear graph - as shown in Figure 4, caused by variation in the properties of the mortar with depth or change in the system with time. In this case, the gradient shall be calculated as the slope from the intercept to the last reading (.e. 24 h). 6.2 Resistance coefficient An optional calculation of the resistance coefficient (R) may be made using the equation: where R is the resistance coefficient, (
