1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 13084-1:2007Free-standing chimneysPart 1: General requirementsBS EN 13084-1:2007 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13084
2、-1:2007. It supersedes BS EN 13084-1:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/506/14, Structural Chimneys and Flues.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.BSI, as a member of CEN,
3、 is obliged to publish EN 13084-1 as a British Standard. However, attention is drawn to the fact that during the development of this European Standard, the UK committee voted against its approval as a European Standard. Reasons for the objection are as follows: There is no calibration between this s
4、tandard, BS EN 1993-3-2 and the National Annex to BS EN 1991-1-4, and existing design practice, which would ensure the BS EN standards provide safe designs. BS EN 13084-1 refers to the Wind Code in BS EN 1991-1-4. According to the UK committee, the National Annex to EN 1991-1-4 is not compatible wit
5、h modern computer design for free-standing chimneys. The UK committee believes that BS EN 13084-1 contains ambiguities that could lead to incorrect data input and would draw users attention to the following concerns in particular: The factors CDIR and CSEASON, referred to in Subclause 5.2.3.2.2, onl
6、y cover aspect ratios below 10, which could be considered too low for many chimneys.In relation to Subclause 5.2.4.1, it is the opinion of the UK committee that the steel chimneys mentioned in the note refer to unlined steel chimneys. Seismic loading can be significant on refractory-lined stacks and
7、 particularly brick-lined steel stacks.The degree of uplift allowed in Subclause 5.4 could allow for uplift to occur in relatively low winds with consequent softening of the substrate. This risk would increase with a foundation on clay soil. Consequently, the UK committee recommend the continued use
8、 of the relevant CICIND Codes for the design and build of concrete and steel industrial chimneys. CICIND stands for Comit International des Chemines Industrielles.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct applicatio
9、n. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 57253 1 ICS 91.060.40 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text aff
10、ectedEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13084-1February 2007ICS 91.060.40 Supersedes EN 13084-1:2000 English VersionFree-standing chimneys - Part 1: General requirementsChemines autoportantes - Partie 1 : Exigences gnrales Freistehende Schornsteine - Teil 1: AllgemeineAnforderungenThi
11、s European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 December 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referen
12、ces concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into
13、its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lit
14、huania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CE
15、N All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13084-1:2007: E2 Contents Page Foreword4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Performance requirements; general design .8 4.1 Materials .8 4.2 Flue gas consider
16、ations8 4.2.1 General8 4.2.2 Design parameters.8 4.2.3 Heat flow calculations .9 4.2.4 Flow calculations.11 4.2.5 Chemical attack11 4.3 Environmental aspects .13 4.3.1 Noise .13 4.3.2 Temperature .13 4.3.3 Protection against falling ice14 4.3.4 Gas tightness .14 4.4 Insulation 14 4.5 Ventilation.15
17、4.6 Protective coatings15 4.7 Foundation .15 4.8 Accessories15 4.8.1 Access 15 4.8.2 Lightning protection16 4.8.3 Aircraft warning system16 4.8.4 Additional accessories17 5 Performance requirements: Structural design .17 5.1 Basic design principles.17 5.2 Actions18 5.2.1 General18 5.2.2 Permanent ac
18、tions.18 5.2.3 Variable actions .18 5.2.4 Accidental actions .20 5.3 Imperfections .21 5.4 Foundation .21 5.5 Liner 21 6 Site activities21 7 Inspection and maintenance 22 8 Instrumentation22 Annex A (normative) Gas flow calculation23 A.1 Principal features of the method of calculation .23 A.2 Parame
19、ters related to construction type 23 A.2.1 Roughness .23 A.2.2 Thermal resistance 23 A.3 Basic values for the calculation.24 BS EN 13084-1:2007 EN 13084-1:2007(E)3 A.3.1 Air temperature24 A.3.2 Outside air pressure24 A.3.3 Flue gas 24 A.3.4 Gas constant25 A.3.5 Density of outside air 26 A.3.6 Specif
20、ic heat capacity.26 A.3.7 Correction factor for temperature.26 A.3.8 Flow safety coefficient26 A.4 Determination of temperatures 27 A.4.1 Flue gas temperatures 27 A.4.2 Coefficient of cooling27 A.4.3 Heat transmission coefficient 27 A.4.4 Internal heat transfer coefficient28 A.5 Density of flue gas.
21、29 A.6 Flue gas velocity29 A.7 Pressure at entry of flue gas into chimney 30 A.7.1 Calculation of pressure.30 A.7.2 Theoretical draught available due to chimney effect 30 A.7.3 Pressure resistance of the flue gas carrying tube.30 A.7.4 Flue friction coefficient31 A.7.5 Individual resistance coeffici
22、ent .31 A.7.6 Change in pressure due to change of velocity 31 A.7.7 Pressure caused by sudden interruption of the flue gas stream (Implosion).31 A.8 Minimum velocity.32 Annex B (informative) Site activities .37 B.1 Execution37 B.2 Programming and coordination of works.37 B.3 Site safety.37 B.4 Local
23、 conditions 38 Bibliography39 BS EN 13084-1:2007 EN 13084-1:2007(E)4 Foreword This document (EN 13084-1:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 297 “Free- standing industrial chimneys”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a natio
24、nal standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2007. This document supersedes EN 13084-1:2000 This document is part 1 of a package of standards as listed below. EN
25、 13084-1, Free-standing chimneys - Part 1: General requirements EN 13084-2, Free-standing chimneys - Part 2: Concrete chimneys EN 13084-4, Free-standing chimneys - Part 4: Brick liners Design and execution EN 13084-5, Free-standing chimneys - Part 5: Material for brick liners - Product specification
26、s EN 13084-6, Free-standing chimneys - Part 6: Steel liners - Design and execution EN 13084-7, Free-standing chimneys Part 7: Product specifications of cylindrical steel fabrications for use in single wall steel chimneys and steel liners EN 13084-8, Free-standing chimneys Part 8: Design and executio
27、n of mast construction with satellite components Additionally applies: EN 1993-3-2, Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures Part 3-2: Towers, masts and chimneys Chimneys According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to im
28、plement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerla
29、nd and United Kingdom. BS EN 13084-1:2007 EN 13084-1:2007(E)5 1 Scope This European Standard deals with the general requirements and the basic performance criteria for the design and construction of all types of free-standing chimneys including their liners. A chimney may also be considered as free-
30、standing, if it is guyed or laterally supported or if it stands on another structure. Chimneys attached to buildings have to be structurally designed as free-standing chimneys in accordance with this European Standard when at least one of the following criteria is met: the distance between the later
31、al supports is more than 4 m; the free-standing height above the uppermost structural attachment is more than 3 m; the free-standing height above the uppermost structural attachment for chimneys with rectangular cross section is more than five times the smallest external dimension; the horizontal di
32、stance between the building and the outer surface of the chimney is more than 1 m. Chimneys attached to free-standing masts are considered as free-standing chimneys. The structural design of free-standing chimneys takes into account operational conditions and other actions to verify mechanical resis
33、tance and stability and safety in use. Detailed requirements relating to specialized designs are given in the standards for concrete chimneys, steel chimneys and liners. NOTE In other parts of the series EN 13084 rules will be given where chimney products in accordance with EN 1443 (and the relating
34、 product standards) may be used in free-standing chimneys. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (in
35、cluding any amendments) applies. EN 287-1, Qualification test of welders - Fusion welding - Part 1: Steels EN 1418, Welding personnel - Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and resistance weld setters for fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials EN 1443, Chimn
36、eys - General requirements EN 13084-2, Free-standing chimneys Part 2: Concrete chimneys EN 13084-4, Free-standing chimneys Part 4: Brick liners Design and execution EN 13084-5, Free-standing chimneys Part 5: Materials for brick liners - Product specifications EN 13084-6, Free-standing chimneys Part
37、6: Steel liners - Design and execution EN 13084-7, Free-standing chimneys Part 7: Product specifications of cylindrical steel fabrications for use in single wall steel chimneys and steel liners BS EN 13084-1:2007 EN 13084-1:2007(E)6 EN 13084-8, Free-standing chimneys Part 8: Design and execution of
38、mast construction with satellite components EN 1990, Eurocode Basis of structural design EN 1991-1-1, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-1: General actions - Densities, self-weight, imposed loads for buildings EN 1991-1-4:2005, Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - Part 1-4: General actions -
39、Wind actions EN 1993-3-2, Eurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 3-2: Towers, masts and chimneys - Chimneys EN 1998-6, Eurocode 8: Design of structures for earthquake resistance - Part 6: Towers, masts and chimneys EN ISO 3834-2, Quality requirements for fusion welding of metallic materials
40、- Part 2: Comprehensive quality requirements (ISO 3834-2:2005) EN ISO 14731, Welding co-ordination - Tasks and responsibilities (ISO 14731:2006) EN ISO 15607, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - General rules (ISO 15607:2003) EN ISO 15609-1, Specification a
41、nd qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure specification - Part 1: Arc welding (ISO 15609-1:2004) EN ISO 15610, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Qualification based on tested welding consumables (ISO 15610:2003) EN
42、ISO 15611, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Qualification based on previous welding experience (ISO 15611:2003) EN ISO 15612, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Qualification by adoption of a standard welding p
43、rocedure (ISO 15612:2004) EN ISO 15613, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Qualification based on pre-production welding test (ISO 15613:2004) EN ISO 15614-1, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure
44、test - Part 1: Arc and gas welding of steels and arc welding of nickel and nickel alloys (ISO 15614-1:2004) EN ISO 15614-2, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials - Welding procedure test - Part 2: Arc welding of aluminium and its alloys (ISO 15614-2:2005) 3 Ter
45、ms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 windshield structural shell designed for load bearing purposes and to protect the flue from wind actions NOTE It may also function as a flue. BS EN 13084-1:2007 EN 13084-1:2007(E)7 3.2 lining system
46、total system, if any, which separates the flue gases from the windshield. This comprises a liner and its supports, the space between liner and windshield and insulation, where existing 3.3 liner structural membrane of the lining system 3.4 accessible space space between windshield and liner that is
47、designed for entry by personnel 3.5 spoiler device attached to the surface of a chimney with the objective of reducing cross wind response 3.6 protective cap cap at the top of the chimney which covers the space between windshield and liner 3.7 climbing sockets threaded sockets inserted in the concre
48、te windshield to enable climbing dogs to be attached to the surface 3.8 down draught negative pressure on the lee-side of the chimney top, which can cause the flue gases to be drawn down 3.9 guyed chimney chimney, the stability of which is ensured by guy ropes 3.10 intransient heat flow flow of heat
49、, where the temperature of each point does not change with time 3.11 transient heat flow flow of heat, where the temperature changes with time 3.12 positive pressure pressure inside the liner which is greater than the pressure outside the liner 3.13 negative pressure pressure inside the liner which is lower than the pressure outside the liner 3.14 flue gas gaseous products of combustion or other processes, including air, which may comprise of solids or liquids 3.15 concrete chimney chimney, the windshield of which is ma
