1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Stationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dustPart 2: Quality assurance of automated measuring systemsBS EN 13284-2:2017National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementatio
2、n of EN 13284-2:2017. It supersedes BS EN 13284-2:2004, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EH/2/1, Stationary source emission.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publicatio
3、n does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 92808 6ICS 13.040.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
4、 legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 13284-2:2017EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 13284-2Nov
5、ember 2017ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes EN 13284-2:2004EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN Ref. No. EN 13284-2:2017: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any m
6、eans reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersStationary source emissions - Determination of low range mass concentration of dust - Part 2: Quality assurance of automated measuring systemsmissions de sources fixes - Dtermination de faibles concentrations en masse de poussires - Partie 2 : Assuranc
7、e qualit des systmes de mesurage automatissEmissionen aus stationren Quellen - Ermittlung der Staubmassenkonzentration bei geringen Staubkonzentrationen - Teil 2: Qualittssicherung fr automatische MesseinrichtungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 September 2017.CEN members are bound
8、to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-
9、CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has
10、the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxem
11、bourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN 13284-2:2017 (E)European foreword 3Introduction . 41 Scope . 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions . 54 Symbols and abbreviatio
12、ns . 54.1 Symbols . 54.2 Abbreviations . 65 Principle 76 Calibration and validation of the AMS (QAL2) . 76.1 General . 76.2 Functional test . 76.3 Parallel measurements with the SRM . 76.3.1 General 76.3.2 Increasing the dust concentration 86.3.3 SRM measured values below the limit of quantification
13、 . 86.3.4 Semi-volatiles . 86.4 Data evaluation . 96.4.1 Preparation of data 96.4.2 Selection of data points from automated SRM . 96.4.3 Establishing the calibration function . 96.5 Calibration function of the AMS and its validity106.6 Calculation of variability 106.7 Test of variability 106.8 QAL2
14、report 107 Ongoing quality assurance during operation (QAL3) .108 Annual Surveillance Test (AST) 109 Documentation 11Annex A (informative) Example of calculation of the calibration function and of the variability test 12Annex B (informative) Configuration of extractive dust measuring systems 20Annex
15、 C (informative) Number of parallel measurements for calibration .22Annex D (informative) Extension of the calibration range by changing the dust concentration 23Annex E (informative) Quadratic regression 25Annex F (informative) Configuration of AMS at mass concentration below the limit of quantific
16、ation of the SRM .28Annex G (informative) Significant technical changes .30Bibliography .312Contents PageBS EN 13284-2:2017EN 13284-2:2017 (E)European forewordThis document (EN 13284-2:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 264 “Air quality”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.Th
17、is European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2018.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the eleme
18、nts of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.This document supersedes EN 13284-2:2004.This document is Part 2 of the EN 13284 series: EN 13284-1, Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass c
19、oncentration of dust Part 1: Manual gravimetric method; EN 13284-2, Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 2: Quality assurance of automated measuring systems.Annex G provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and
20、the previous edition.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of M
21、acedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.3BS EN 13284-2:2017EN 13284-2:2017 (E)IntroductionThis docu
22、ment describes the quality assurance procedures related to automated measuring systems (AMS) for the determination of dust in waste gas, in order to meet the uncertainty requirements on measured values given by regulations, e.g. EU Directives (1), national or other legislation.This document is deriv
23、ed from EN 14181, which specifies general procedures for establishing quality assurance levels (QAL) for automated measuring systems (AMS) installed on industrial plants for the determination of the waste gas components and other waste gas parameters. It amends EN 14181 and provides guidance specifi
24、c to dust measurements. It is only applicable in conjunction with EN 14181.The calibration and validation of dust AMS is based on parallel measurements with the manual gravimetric standard reference method (SRM) described in EN 13284-1.This document was primarily developed for the measurement of emi
25、ssions from waste incinerators. From a technical point of view, it can be applied to other processes, for which measurement at an emission limit is required with defined uncertainty.4BS EN 13284-2:2017EN 13284-2:2017 (E)1 ScopeThis European Standard specifies requirements for the calibration and val
26、idation (QAL2), the ongoing quality assurance during operation (QAL3) and the annual surveillance test (AST) of automated measuring systems (AMS) used for monitoring dust emissions from stationary sources to demonstrate compliance with emission limit values (ELV) below 50 mg/m3at standard conditions
27、. It specifically deals with measurements in wet gases and at low concentrations.This document is derived from EN 14181 and is only applicable in conjunction with EN 14181.This document is applicable by direct correlation with the standard reference method (SRM) described in EN 13284-1.2 Normative r
28、eferencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies
29、.EN 13284-1:2017, Stationary source emissions Determination of low range mass concentration of dust Part 1: Manual gravimetric methodEN 14181:2014, Stationary source emissions Quality assurance of automated measuring systemsEN 15267-3, Air quality Certification of automated measuring systems Part 3:
30、 Performance criteria and test procedures for automated measuring systems for monitoring emissions from stationary sources3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13284-1:2017 and EN 14181:2014 apply.4 Symbols and abbreviations4.1 SymbolsFor the
31、 purposes of this document, the following symbols apply.a intercept of the calibration functionbest estimate of b slope of the calibration functionbest estimate of c slope of the quadratic term of the calibration functiond particle diameteraverage of differences Die errorE emission limit valueh abso
32、lute water vapour content (by volume)5BS EN 13284-2:2017EN 13284-2:2017 (E)i counterN number of measurementskvtest parametero oxygen content in dry gas (by volume)osoxygen standard conditionp difference between the static pressure of the sample gas and the standard pressureP percentage valueR2coeffi
33、cient of determinationstandard deviation of the differences Dit Celsius temperaturetcycletotal measurement cycle of a discontinuously measuring AMStsamplesample period of a discontinuously measuring AMSUmaxmaximum permissible expanded uncertaintyithAMS measured signal at AMS measuring conditionsaver
34、age of AMS measured signalsithSRM measured valueaverage of SRM measured valuesithSRM measured value at standard conditionsSRM measured value at standard conditionslowest SRM measured value at standard conditionshighest SRM measured value at standard conditionsbest estimate for the ”true value”, calc
35、ulated from the AMS measured signal by means of the calibration functionbest estimate for the ”true value”, calculated from the AMS measured signal by means of the calibration function at standard conditionsdifference between the maximum and minimum SRM measured value at standard conditions0standard
36、 deviation associated with the uncertainty derived from requirements of legislation4.2 AbbreviationsFor the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.AMS automated measuring systemAST annual surveillance test6 BS EN 13284-2:2017EN 13284-2:2017 (E)ELV emission limit valueQAL qualit
37、y assurance levelQAL1 first quality assurance levelQAL2 second quality assurance levelQAL3 third quality assurance levelSRM standard reference method5 PrincipleThe general principles of quality assurance of AMS laid down in EN 14181 shall also be applied to automated dust measuring systems. The amen
38、dments specific to these AMS are specified in the following.6 Calibration and validation of the AMS (QAL2)6.1 GeneralThe AMS shall be calibrated and validated in accordance with EN 14181 with the modifications specified in 6.2 to 6.8.NOTE 1 Annex A shows an example of the application of QAL2 for an
39、automated dust measuring system.Extractive dust measuring systems shall be configured before calibration.NOTE 2 Annex B provides information on the configuration of extractive dust measuring systems.6.2 Functional testFunctional tests are performed to ensure that the AMS is working according to the
40、specifications and to check the active measurement components of the AMS to ensure they are not unduly influenced by dust contamination.The linearity test including the zero and span checks shall be carried out with surrogate reference materials, which have been approved as part of the performance t
41、est according to EN 15267-3.If the zero point is used to establish the calibration function according to EN 14181:2014, 6.4.3, Method b), a zero dust-offset test shall be performed to prove that the AMS gives a reading at or below detection limit (as demonstrated in QAL1) at a zero concentration. Th
42、e test results shall be presented in the calibration report.6.3 Parallel measurements with the SRM6.3.1 GeneralAccording to EN 14181 at least 15 parallel measurements shall be performed with the AMS and SRM in order to calibrate and validate the AMS by use of an independent method. The measurements
43、shall be performed at normal operation of the plant.The SRM used shall be applied in accordance with EN 13284-1.The number of parallel measurements may be reduced to a minimum of 5 valid measurements over 3 days, if all SRM measured results are expected to be below the maximum permissible uncertaint
44、y for the AMS measured values and approval is given by the competent authority. The total SRM sampling 7BS EN 13284-2:2017EN 13284-2:2017 (E)time shall be at least 7,5 h, which is equal to 15 times 30 min (see Annex C). The sampling duration shall be the same for all parallel measurements.NOTE Reduc
45、ing the number of measurements and increasing the individual SRM sampling time leads to a better quantification of very low dust concentrations.6.3.2 Increasing the dust concentrationThe dust concentrations are often close to zero compared to the ELV, if the dust cleaning equipment of the plant is o
46、perating normally. The calibration range can be extended in some cases by increasing the dust concentration. This can be achieved by e.g. changing the plant load, lowering the efficiency of the gas cleaning equipment, or by injecting dust of the same physical properties and ensuring homogeneous conc
47、entration across the measurement planes of the AMS and the SRM (see Annex D). The approach shall be agreed by both the plant operator and the competent authority and be fully documented in the calibration report.Increasing the dust concentration can lead to changes in the dust characteristics and ca
48、n influence the calibration function of AMS, which are cross-sensitive to particle size (e.g. optical devices). In these cases, a linear and a quadratic calibration function shall be calculated, and the most adequate calibration function shall be used (see 6.4.3).NOTE Calculation of a quadratic cali
49、bration function is described in Annex E.If the calibration range can be extended, then at least 15 parallel measurements shall be conducted in the extended calibration range in the following way: at least 5 measurements are performed in the normal operation range of the plant (i.e. at very low concentration); at least 5 measurements are performed at the upper limit of the extended calibration range; at least 5 measurements are performed at a dust concentration intermediate to these levels.6.3.3 SRM measured values below the limit of quantificati
