1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13286-7:2004 Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures Part 7: Cyclic load triaxial test for unbound mixtures The European Standard EN 13286-7:2004 has the status of a British Standard ICS 93.080.20 BS EN 13286-7:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of t
2、he Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 24 February 2004 BSI 24 February 2004 ISBN 0 580 43473 7 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13286-7:2004. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/510, Road materia
3、ls, to Subcommittee B/510/4, Cementitious bound materials, unbound granular materials, waste materials and marginal materials, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards
4、 which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This pub
5、lication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible internati
6、onal/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title
7、 page, pages 2 to 37 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN132867 January2004 ICS93.080.20 Englishversion Unboundand
8、hydraulicallyboundmixturesPart7:Cyclicload triaxialtestforunboundmixtures Gravestraitesauxliantshydrauliquesetgravesnon traitesPartie7:Essaitriaxialsouschargecycliquepour mlangessanslianthydraulique UngebundeneundhydraulischgebundeneGemischeTeil 7:DreiaxialprfungmitzyklischerBelastungfr ungebundeneG
9、emische ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon14November2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational sta
10、ndardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heo
11、fficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingd
12、om. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN132867:2004:EEN132867:2004(E) 2 Contents Page Foreword
13、. 4 1 Scope . 6 2 Normativereferences . 6 3 Symbolsandabbreviations . 7 4 Principle. 8 4.1 Procedureforthestudyoftheresilientbehaviour .8 4.2 Procedureforthestudyofpermanentdeformations 8 4.3 Multistageprocedure . . 8 5 Apparatus 8 5.1 General. 8 5.2 Triaxialpressurechamber(cell) 9 5.2.1 General. 9
14、5.2.2 Chambermedium 9 5.2.3 Topandbottomplate . 9 5.3 Loadingdevice 9 5.3.1 MethodAVariableconfiningpressure 9 5.3.2 MethodBConstantconfiningpressure . 9 5.4 Pressuretransducers . 10 5.5 Axialloadtransducer . 10 5.6 Responsemeasuringequipment 10 5.7 Otherequipment . 10 5.8 Specimencapandbase . 10 5.
15、9 Porousdiscs 10 5.10 Semipermeablefilters . 11 5.11 Membrane 11 5.12 Specimensizemeasurementdevices 11 5.13 Balance 11 5.14 Testingenvironment . 11 6 Preparation 11 6.1 General. 11 6.2 Setupofspecimenanddeformationmeasuringequipment . 12 7 Testproceduresforthestudyoftheresilientbehaviour . 12 7.1 P
16、rinciple. 12 7.2 MethodA:Variableconfiningpressure. . 12 7.2.1 General. 12 7.2.2 Conditioningofthespecimen . 12 7.2.3 Repeatedloadingforresilienttesting 13 7.3 MethodB:Constantconfiningpressure . . 14 7.3.1 General. 14 7.3.2 Conditioningofthespecimen . 14 7.3.3 Repeatedloadingforresilienttesting 15
17、8 Testproceduresforthestudyofpermanentdeformation . 17 8.1 Principle. 17 8.2 SingleStageloading . 17 8.2.1 General. 17 8.2.2 MethodA:Variableconfiningpressure. . 17 8.2.3 MethodB:Constantconfiningpressure . 17 8.3 Multistageloading . 18EN132867:2004(E) 3 9 Testreport . .19 9.1 General19 9.2 Generald
18、ata .19 9.3 Conditioningofthespecimen 20 9.4 Resilientbehaviour. .20 9.5 Permanentbehaviour(singlestageormultistageloading).20 AnnexA (informative) Measurementofspecimendeformations.21 A.1 MeasurementsystemusingLVDTs .21 A.2 Measurementsystemusinglinearvariabledisplacementtransducersandringswith str
19、aingages. .24 AnnexB (informative) Preparationmethods25 B.1 General25 B.2 Specimenconditions. 25 B.3 Method1Compactionbyvibrocompression 25 B.4 Method2Compactionbyvibratinghammer .26 AnnexC (informative) Guidanceontestproceduresandrankingofmaterials .28 C.1 Purpose.28 C.2 Experimentalstresslevelsfor
20、permanentdeformationtests.28 C.3 Rankingofmaterialsbasedonresilientbehaviourtests28 C.4 Rankingofmaterialsbasedonpermanentdeformationtests29 C.4.1 Procedure .30 C.4.2 Interpretation30 C.4.3 Ranking.31 C.4.4 Application .31 AnnexD (informative) Suggestedtablesforpresentationoftestresults.33 Bibliogra
21、phy36EN132867:2004(E) 4 Foreword Thisdocument(EN132867:2004)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC 227“Road materials”,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidentical textorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJuly2004,andconfl
22、ictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthe latestbyJuly2004. AnnexesA,B,CandDareinformative. ThisEuropeanStandardisoneofaseriesofstandardsaslistedbelow. EN132861, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart1:Testmethodsforlaboratoryreference densityandwatercontentIntroduction,generalrequirements ands
23、ampling. prEN132862, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart2:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe laboratoryreferencedensityandwatercontentProctorcompaction . EN132863, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart3:Testmethodsforlaboratoryreference densityandwatercontentVibrocompressionwithcontrolledpar
24、ameters . EN132864, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart4:Testmethodsforlaboratoryreference densityandwatercontentVibratinghammer . EN132865, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart5:Testmethodsforlaboratoryreference densityandwatercontentVibratingtable . EN132867, Unboundandhydraulicallyboundm
25、ixturesTestmethodsPart7:Cyclicloadtriaxialtestfor unboundmixtures. EN1328640, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart40:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe directtensilestrengthofhydraulicallyboundmixtures . EN1328641, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart41:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe com
26、pressivestrengthofhydraulicallyboundmixtures . EN1328642, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart42:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe indirecttensilestrengthofhydraulicallyboundmixtures. EN1328643, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart43:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe modulusofelasticityofh
27、ydraulicallyboundmixtures . EN1328644, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart44:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe alphacoefficientofvitrifiedblastfurnaceslag . prEN1328645, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart45:Testmethodforthedeterminationof theworkabilityperiodofhydraulicallyboundmixtures.
28、 EN1328646, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart46:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe moistureconditionvalue. EN1328647, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart47:Testmethodforthedeterminationofthe Californiabearingratio,immediatebearingindexandlinearswelling .EN132867:2004(E) 5 prEN1328648, Un
29、boundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart48:Testmethodforthedeterminationof thedegreeofpulverisation. prEN1328649, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart49:Acceleratedswellingtestofsoil treatedbylimeand/orhydraulicbinder . prEN1328650, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart50:Methodsformakingtestsp
30、ecimens usingproctorequipmentorvibratingtablecompaction. prEN1328651, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesPart51:Methodsformakingtestspecimensby vibratinghammercompaction. prEN1328652, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesMethodsformakingtestspecimensPart52: Makingspecimensbyvibrocompression. prEN132
31、8653, UnboundandhydraulicallyboundmixturesMethodsformakingtestspecimensPart53: Makingcylindricalspecimensbyaxialcompression AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepubl
32、ic, Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania, Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal,Slovakia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland andUnitedKingdom.EN132867:2004(E) 6 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiestestproceduresfordeterminingtheresi
33、lientandpermanentbehaviourof unboundmixturesunderconditionsthatsimulatethephysicalconditionsandstressstatesofthesematerials inpavementlayerssubjectedtomovingloads.Theseproceduresallowtodeterminemechanicalproperties thatcanbeusedforperformancerankingofmaterialsandforcalculatingthestructuralresponseso
34、f pavementstructures. Thetestisapplicabletocylindricalspecimensofunboundmixturespreparedbylaboratorycompaction,with anabsolutemaximumparticlesizesmallerthanonefifthofthespecimendiameter. Fortheloadingofthespecimen,twomethodsareprovided: MethodA:TheVariableConfiningPressuremethodinwhichthecellpressur
35、eiscycledinphasewiththe axialload. MethodB:TheConstantConfiningPressuremethodinwhichonlycyclicaxialloadingandconstant confiningpressureareperformed. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications. Thesenormativereferencesarecitedatthea
36、ppropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelisted hereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplyto thisEuropeanStandardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthe latesteditionofthepublicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendme
37、nts). EN13285, UnboundmixturesSpecification .EN132867:2004(E) 7 3 Symbolsandabbreviations ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thesymbolsanddefinitionsinTable1 apply. Table1Symbolsanddefinitions Symbol Definition Unit w Watercontent % r d Drydensity Mg/m 3 N Numberofloadcycles s Normalstress kPa s 1
38、 Totalaxialstress(majorprincipalstress) kPa s 1min, s 1max Minimumandmaximumvaluesof s 1 duringoneloadcycle kPa s 1 r Resilientaxialstress, s 1 r = s 1max s 1min kPa s 3 Totalradialstress;i.e.theappliedconfiningpressureinthetriaxialchamberorthe vacuuminsidethespecimenwhennotriaxialchamberisused(mino
39、rand intermediateprincipalstress) kPa s 3min, s 3max Minimumandmaximumvaluesof s 3 duringoneloadcycle kPa s 3 r Resilientradialstress, s 3 r = s 3max s 3min kPa s d Deviatorstress, s d = s 1 s 3 kPa L 0 Gaugelengthforaxialdisplacement,immediatelyfollowingspecimenpreparation mm R 0 Gaugelengthforradi
40、aldisplacement,immediatelyfollowingspecimenpreparation mm L p (N) Permanentaxialdisplacementatcycle N,definedasthedisplacement accumulatedduringtheapplicationofasinglestresscombination,fromthe beginningofthefirstcycletotheendofcycle N mm R p (N) Permanentradialdisplacementatcycle N,definedasthedispl
41、acement accumulatedduringtheapplicationofasinglestresscombination,fromthe beginningofthefirstcycletotheendofcycle N mm L r (N) Resilientaxialdisplacementatcycle N,definedasthedisplacementduringthe unloadingpartofthecycle(betweenthepointwheretheappliedstressesare maximumandtheendofthecycle) mm R r (N
42、) Resilientradialdisplacementatcycle N,definedasthedisplacementduringthe unloadingpartofthecycle mm e 1 r Resilientorrecoveredaxialstrain. Atcycle N, e 1 r (N)= L r (N)/ L 0 10 3 e 1 p Permanentaxialstrain. Atcycle N, e 1 p (N)= L p (N)/ L 0 10 3 e 3 r Resilientorrecoveredradialstrain. Atcycle N, e
43、3 r (N)= R r (N)/ R 0 10 3 e 3 p Permanentradialstrain. Atcycle N, e 3 p (N)= R p (N)/ R 0 10 3 E r Resilientmodulus, r r r r r r 1 r r r r r 3 3 1 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 2 2 2 e s e s e s s s s s - + - + = E When s 3 r =0,(constantconfiningpressure): r r r 1 1 e s = E MPa NOTE Compressivestressesandstrainsa
44、repositive.EN132867:2004(E) 8 4Principle Thecyclictriaxialtestconsistsofimposing,onacylindricalspecimenofunboundgranularmaterial,cyclic stressesthatreproducethestressrangeinanunboundpavementlayer,andinmeasuringtheaxialandradial strainsofthespecimeninducedbythisloading.InmethodA(VariableConfiningPressure),acyclicaxial deviatorstressandavariable(cyclic)confiningcellpressure,varyinginphase,are
