1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13437:2003 Packaging and material recycling Criteria for recycling methods Description of recycling processes and flow chart The European Standard EN 13437:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 13.030.50; 55.040 BS EN 13437:2003 This British Standard, was published und
2、er the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 27 February 2004 BSI 27 February 2004 ISBN 0 580 43510 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13437:2003. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
3、PKW/4, Packaging and the environment, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be
4、found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are r
5、esponsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and ke
6、ep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 36, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displa
7、yed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN13437 May2003 ICS13.030.50;55.040 Englishversion PackagingandmaterialrecyclingCriteriaforrecyclingmethods Descriptionofrecyclin
8、gprocessesandflowchart EmballagesetrecyclagematireCritrespourles mthodesderecyclageDescriptiondesprocdsde recyclageetschmadeflux VerpackungenundstofflicheVerwertungKriterienfr stofflicheVerwertungsverfahrenBeschreibungvon stofflichenVerwertungsprozessenundFludiagrammen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprove
9、dbyCENon11March2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheMana
10、gementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalsta
11、ndardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMU
12、NG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN13437:2003EEN13437:2003(E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativereferences 5 3 Termsanddefinitions. .5 4 DescriptionofMat
13、erialRecyclingProcesses. 6 AnnexA (normative) Packagingandpackagingmaterialflows.9 AnnexB (normative) Aluminiumpackagingandaluminiumpackagingmaterialflows12 AnnexC (normative) Glasspackagingandglasspackagingmaterialflows15 AnnexD (normative) Paper/boardpackagingandpaper/boardpackagingmaterialflows.1
14、9 AnnexE (normative) Plasticpackagingandplasticpackagingmaterialflows23 AnnexF (normative) Steelpackagingandsteelpackagingmaterialflows 28 AnnexG (normative) Woodpackagingandwoodpackagingmaterialflows .31 AnnexH (normative) Otherpackagingmaterials.3 4 Bibliography 36EN13437:2003(E) 3 Foreword Thisdo
15、cument(EN13437:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC261“Packaging“,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyAFNOR. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyNovember2003,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawn
16、atthelatest byNovember2003. ThisdocumenthasbeenpreparedunderamandategiventoCENbytheEuropeanCommissionandtheEuropean FreeTradeAssociation. ThisdocumentcontainsAnnexesA,B,C,D,E,F,GandHwhicharenormative. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countr
17、iesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN13437:2003(E) 4 Introduction TheDirectiveonPackagingandPa
18、ckagingWaste(94/62/EC)definesrequirementsforthemanufacturingand compositionofpackaging.EN13427providesaframeworkwithinwhichthisandotherstandardsmaybeused togethertosupportaclaimthatapackagingisincompliancewiththeessentialrequirementsforpackagingtobe placedonthemarketasrequiredbytheDirective. ThisEur
19、opeanStandardoutlinesthestagesthroughwhichpackagingpassesfromrawmaterialtotherecoveryof theusedpackagingafterithasserveditspurpose.Itamplifiestheserequirementsbydescribingtheprocessof materialrecyclingforthevariousmaterialsusedforpackaginganditsprincipalaimistoprovidepracticalguidance. Therecyclingp
20、rocessesusedfortherecoveryofusedpackaging,(whichareoftencomprisedofmorethanone material)andotherusedapplications,areinfluencedbythreemainaspects: 1) thematerialfromwhichtheproductismanufactured; 2) thesourceoftheusedpackaging;and 3) theapplicationforwhichtherecycledmaterialisintendedtobeused. Consid
21、erationofalltheseaspectsisnecessaryinordertooptimisethetechnical,economicandenvironmental effectivenessoftherecoveryoperations.ThisEuropeanStandarddescribestherecyclingoperationsforthemain materialtypesandtheirpositionwithintheoverallmaterialproduction,useandrecoverycycle. Materialrecyclingofusedpac
22、kagingshouldbeseenwithintheoveralllifecycleofproductsandpackaging.The purposeofpackagingisthecontainment,protection,distributionandpresentationofproductsincludinginstructions astotheiruse.Amajorroleisoneofpreventionofdamage/wastageoftheproductscontainedinthepackaging.EN13437:2003(E) 5 1Scope ThisEur
23、opeanStandarddefinesthecriteriaforarecyclingprocessanddescribestheprincipalexistingprocesses formaterialrecyclingandtheirinterrelationship. Bothpackagingandrecoverytechnologiesaresubjecttocontinuingandrapiddevelopment.ThisEuropean Standarddescribesthepresentstageofknowledgebutmaybesubjecttomodificat
24、ionsinthelightofnew developments. TheessentialrelationshipbetweenthisandthefivemandatedEuropeanPackagingStandardsandone (mandated)CENReportisspecifiedinEN13427. 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications.These normativereferencesar
25、ecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetextandthepublicationsarelistedhereafter.For datedreferences,subsequentamendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplytothisEuropean Standardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthelatesteditionofthe publicationreferredtoapplies(incl
26、udingamendments). EN643, PaperandboardEuropeanlistofstandardgradesofrecoveredpaperandboard. 3 Termsanddefinitions ForthepurposesofthisEuropeanStandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsapply: 3.1 packaging allproductsmadeofanymaterialsofanynaturetobeusedforthecontainment,protection,handling,deliveryand
27、 presentationofgoods,fromrawmaterialstoprocessedgoods,fromtheproducertotheuserortheconsumer “Nonreturnable“itemsusedforthesamepurposeshallalsobeconsideredtoconstitutepackaging. Directive94/62/EC 3.2 recycling reprocessinginaproductionprocessofthewastematerialsfortheoriginalpurposeorforotherpurposesi
28、ncluding organicrecyclingbutexcludingenergyrecovery Directive94/62/EC 3.3 feedstockrecycling recyclingwherebytypicallyorganicmaterialsareconvertedintolowmolecularweightproductswhicharereused fortheproductionofothermaterialsorinotherchemical/productionprocesses 3.4 packagingwaste anypackagingorpackag
29、ingmaterialcoveredbythedefinitionofwasteinDirective75/442/EEC,excluding productionresidues Directive94/62/EC 3.5 scrap materialwhichhaspassedthroughoneormoreoftheoperationsofproduction,conversionandfillingbutisnot partofthepackagingorthepackagingmaterialsoldforitsintendedpurposeEN13437:2003(E) 6 3.6
30、 reconditioning necessaryoperationstobringareusablepackagingbackintoafunctionalstate andhavingthesamebasic specificationastheoriginalpackaging NOTE Anoperationcarriedoutonausedpackaging,whetheroriginallysuppliedasasingletriporreusablepackaging,to bringitintoafunctionalitemofpackagingbutwhichchangesi
31、tsbasicspecificationisdefinedasrecycling,andnot reconditioning. 3.7 primaryrawmaterial materialwhichhasneverbeenprocessedintoanyformofenduseproduct EN13430 3.8 secondaryrawmaterial materialrecoveredforuseasarawmaterialfromusedproductsandfromscrapwiththeexceptionofthescrap arisingwithinaprimaryproduc
32、tionprocess NOTE Theprecisenatureoftheprimaryproductionprocessmayvarybetweenmaterialsectors.Referencetotherelevant flowdiagramwillclearlyidentifythisprocess. 3.9 recyclingprocess processwhichconvertscollectedandsortedusedpackaging andscrap,togetherinsomeinstanceswithother material,intosecondaryrawma
33、terialorproducts 4 DescriptionofMaterialRecyclingProcesses 4.1 Criteriaforrecyclingprocesses Thebasiccriterionforarecyclingprocessisthatithasaspecifiedinputofused(packaging)materialfromwhichit recoversvalueinusablematerial.Recyclingofusedpackagingwillhaveaninputofusedpackaging,whichmayor maynotbepro
34、cessedwithothermaterials,andtheoutputwillbefeedstockormaterialusedintheproductionof newproducts,whichmay,ormaynot,beforpackagingapplications.Therecyclingprocesswillvarysubstantially accordingtothematerialtobeprocessed,thesourcefromwhichitcomes,andtheapplicationsforwhichthe recovered/recycledmaterial
35、istobeused. Additionallytherecyclingprocesswillusescrapfromthevariousproduction,fillingandpackagingoperations. Subsequenttotheprimaryproductionprocess,therecyclingprocessisausefulmeansofdivertingthismaterial fromlandfill.Itshouldbenotedthatusedpackagingreprocessedthroughmaterialrecyclingwillbeinclud
36、edinthe recyclingratedescribedbyDirective94/62/EC,whilescrapwillnotbeincludedinthisrate. Wherethesecondlifeapplicationhasahighdemandforcleanlinessandconsistency,therecyclingprocesswill berequiredtoensureahighlevelofremovalofextraneous/differentmaterialwithstagesintherecyclingprocess forcleaningthere
37、coveredmaterialbywashing,deinkingetc.Inotheroperationswherethenewapplicationhasa lowerdemandonthespecification,separationofsmallamountsofextraneousmaterialmaynotbenecessary,nor complexcleaningoperations.Itwillbeenvironmentallyandeconomicallywrongtobaserecyclingonthehigherend ofthequalityspecificatio
38、n,andtherecyclingoperationisoftendesignedtomeetthespecificneedsofthesource recoveredproductsandtheapplicationforwhichtherecycledmaterialistobeused. Tocoverthiswidediversityofprocesses,thefollowingclausesintroducethemethodologyanddetailed descriptionsoftherecyclingprocesses. Detailedinformationonthes
39、pecificmaterialrecyclingprocessesisgivenintheexplanatorynotesfortheindividual materialflowcharts.EN13437:2003(E) 7 4.2 GeneralFlowChart TheGeneralFlowChartisinannexAanddefinesthePackagingandPackagingMaterialFlowsforpackagingin general.ExplanatorynotestoannexAgivethedefinitionoftheflowsdesignatedbyle
40、ttersinthediagram.The natureofsomeflowsisalsoindicatedbytextinthediagramandthemainprocessesareidentifiedbytextonthe diagramwithadditionalinformationprovidedasappropriateinannexA. 4.3 MultiComponentPackaging Forpackagingtoeffectivelymeetitsfunctionalrequirements,theunitofpackagingwilloftencomprisemor
41、ethan onecomponent.Examplesoftheseare: aliquidcontainerwithalabelandclosurewithasealingpadinsidetheclosure; acorrugatedcasewithadhesivetapeormetalstaplestoeffectclosure; adrumwithlooselinerwithlidandlabels. Formaterialrecyclingitisnecessarythatthevariouscomponentsoftheunitofpackagingbecompatiblewith
42、the overallsystemandtheexpectedfinalapplicationinwhichtherecycledmaterialwillbeused. Toachievethis,thecomponentsneedtosatisfyatleastoneofthefollowingrequirements: compatiblewitheachotherinmeetingthespecificationrequirementsoftheapplicationinwhichtheyaretobe used; separableintherecyclingprocesssuchth
43、atthetargetedmaterial/componentcanbecleanedandprocessed tothenecessaryspecification; separablebyhand,orinthesortingprocesspriortorecycling,toleavethetargetedmaterial/componentready forrecyclingtothenecessaryspecification. Differentrecyclingprocesseshavebeendevelopedforthevariousmaterialsusedinpackagingandaredescribed intheannexesB,C,D,E,F,GandH.Inaddition,therecyclingprocessesforanyonematerialcanvary dependantonthesourceofmaterialandapplicationintowhichtherecycledmaterialistobeused. Thecompatibilit
