1、BRITISH STANDARD Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of emissions of hybrid vehicles - O Part 1: Thermal electric hybrid vehicles The European Standard EN 13444-1:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICs 43.120 BS EN 13444-1 :200 1 O NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PE
2、RMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 13444-1:2001 Amd. No. Date This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 12 September 2001 Comments Natio
3、nal foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL69, Electric vehicles, which has the responsibility to: EN 13444- 112001. - - aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsibl
4、e European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. - A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secr
5、etary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standard
6、s Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages
7、This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 21 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. O BSI 12 September 2001 ISBN O 580 38455 1 EUROPEAN STANDARD 0 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NO
8、RM EN 13444-1 April 2001 ICs 13.040.50; 43.120 English version Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of emissions of hybrid vehicles - Part 1 : Thermal electric hybrid ve h icles Vhicules routiers propulsion lectrique - Mesurage des missions des vhicules hybrides - Partie 1: Vhicules hy
9、brides lectriques thermiques Elektrisch angetriebene Straenfahrzeuge - Messung der Emissionen von Hybridfahrzeugen -Teil 1: Thermische Hybrid-Elektrofahrzeuge This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 March 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CENICENELEC Internal Regulations which s
10、tipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard
11、exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards b
12、odies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMIITEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITE EUROPEEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORM
13、UNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels O 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13444-1:2001 E EN 13444-1 12001 Contents Page Foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definit
14、ions . 4 4 Measurement of the emissions in hybrid mode 6 4.1 Principle 6 4.2 Cycle . 6 4.3 Equipment . 6 4.4 Fuel . 6 4.5 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements 6 4.6 Test conditions 6 4.7 Operation mode 7 4.8 Expression of the results . 7 Annex A (normative) Measurement of the emissions 8 A
15、.l General . 8 A.2 Recorded values . 9 A.3 Calculation 9 A.4 Expression of results . 14 Annex B (informative) Example of calculation of gaseous emission with a continuous analysis method 15 B.l General . 15 8.2 Measured values for emissions 15 B.3 Calculation 16 B.4 Expression of the results . 18 An
16、nex C (informative) Technical information of the test thermal hybrid vehicle . 19 Annex D (informative) Test report on the emissions of a thermal electric hybrid vehicle 20 a . a Bibliography 21 2 . - EN 13444-1 12001 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CENTTC 30
17、1, Electrically propelled road vehicles, the Secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdr
18、awn at the latest by October 2001. CEN TC 301 is dealing with “Electrically propelled road vehicles“. This title includes, in fact a wide range of electric road vehicles (see the definitions in EN 13447:2001) which can be divided as follows: - Pure electric vehicle : this is an electrically propelle
19、d and infrastructure independent exclusively electrically supplied road vehicle. - Road vehicle fitted with an electric transmission : this vehicle remains in the scope of CENiTC 301 but is considered as a conventional (e.g. an internal combustion engine vehicle) vehicle with a specific transmission
20、 (no standards to be developed). O - Thermal electric hybrid vehicles where the thermal engine has such a low level of power compared to that of the power train power may be treated as a pure electric vehicle from the measuring point of view. - Other infrastructure independent electric vehicles whic
21、h are today called electric hybrid vehicles. These electric hybrid vehicles can run with a zero level pollutant emission. .- - Infrastructure dependent electrically propelled road vehicles are excluded from application of this standard. A large amount of work has been undertaken on electric hybrid v
22、ehicles, and there is still a lot to discover on these vehicles which can for instance incorporate several driving modes (more than two). To remain today within what is most common, the term thermal electric hybrid vehicle will be understood as an electric road vehicle fitted with a thermal machine
23、(which is fed with fuel). This European Standard EN 13444 consists of the following parts, under the general title “Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of emissions of hybrid vehicles“: - Part 1 : Thermal electric hybrid vehicles; - Part 2: Other hybrid vehicles than those fitted with
24、 a thermal machine. Annex A forms an integral part of EN 13444-1. Annex B to Annex D are for information only. According to the CENKENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Repu
25、blic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. In order to be able to use existing measuring facilities. O 3 EN 13444-1 12001 1 Scope This standard aims at defining the emission m
26、easurements for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle from MI, NI, or Mz2) category, and for tricycles and quadricycles from the motorcycle types3). This standard applies to the above mentioned vehicles whose emission can be tested following the provisions already laid down for conventional vehicle
27、s (i.e. Internal Combustion engine vehicle) from the equivalent categories. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications ar
28、e listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments).
29、 EN 13447:2001, Electrically propelled road vehicles - Terminology. EN 1986-2:2001, Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of the energy performances - Pari 2 : Thermal electric hybrid vehicles. EN IS0 3675, Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products - Laboratory determination of dens
30、ity - Hydrometer method (IS0 3675:1998). 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply (see also EN 13447:2001). 3.1 electrically propelled road vehicle road vehicle in which electric energy is transformed by electrical machine(s) into
31、mechanical energy for traction purpose NOTE Traction is the term used with the same meaning as propulsion, but for historical reasons, this is the most widely used term. 3.2 electric hybrid (road) vehicle hybrid (road) vehicle in which one of the reversible energy source produces electric energy 3.3
32、 thermal electric hybrid vehicle electric hybrid vehicle in which the traction system contains a thermal machine NOTE Vehicle integrating electric machine(s) for functional assistance to the engine such as load levelling devices, starter, electrically driven auxiliary units, etc. should not be consi
33、dered as electric hybrid vehicles, in so far they do not participate to the traction. 2, Categories of vehicle MI, NI, and M2 are defined in Directive 92/53/EEC. 3, Motor tricylec and quadricycles are defined in Directive 92/61/EEC. In practice, tricycles and quadricycles with a maximum speed over 4
34、5 kmlh fall within the scope of this standard. 4 EN 13444-1 12001 3.4 pure electric mode driving mode when only the secondary on board electric energy source delivers energy for traction purpose. The pure electric mode can be either selected by the driver or automatically selected by the system For
35、definitions of primary or secondary on board electric energy source, refer to EN 13447:2001 (Terminology). 3.5 pure thermal mode for a thermal electric hybrid vehicle is the driving mode which can be selected by the driver when only the additional other kind of on board energy source (including the
36、thermal machine) participates in the propulsion of the vehicle. In this case, the on board secondary electric energy source is not active even for energy recovery 3.6 hybrid mode (for an electric hybrid vehicle) another driving mode than the pure electric mode if selected by the driver, or the pure
37、thermal mode. All the on board energy sources can participate in the propulsion of the vehicle, in accordance with the management system logic. The hybrid mode includes the pure electric mode when it is automatically selected by the system 3.7 series electric hybrid vehicle series hybrid vehicle in
38、which all energy sources deliver electric energy 3.8 parallel electric hybrid vehicle electric hybrid vehicle for which the wheel propulsion is produced either by the electric drive train and/or by the additional form of on board energy source delivering mechanical power, both through a transmission
39、 which can be common or individual 3.9 on board energy source subsystem of the traction system consisting of a combination of at least storage(s) and possibly converter(s), transmission(s), ancillary device(s). The on-board energy source delivers energy to the power train for traction purpose EXAMPL
40、E 1 For a pure electric vehicle, the on board energy source can be made of: - for the storage : an electrochemical storage battery; - for the energy delivery system: cables; - for the ancillary devices: thermal management of the battery, on board charger, protection devices. EXAMPLE 2 For a series t
41、hermal electric hybrid vehicle, the additional other kind of on board energy source can be made of: - for the storage : a petrol tank; - for the energy delivery system : a generating set including an IC engine plus an alternator and a rectifier; - for the ancillary devices : electronic controllers a
42、nd a cooling system. 5 EN 13444-1 12001 Parameter Nitrogen oxide Particulates (for compression ignition engine only) 4 Measurement of the emissions in hybrid mode Units Accuracy Precision vol ppm I 2% I vol ppm c1g f 5 PSI 1 PS 4.1 Principle The exhaust emission measurement results follow the same t
43、est procedure as for the consumption measurement results, i.e. same vehicle conditions (including driving mode), and same speed profile. If a pure thermal mode can be selected by the driver, the test of the emission in hybrid mode shall be performed in pure thermal mode following strictly Directive
44、70/220/EEC as amended4). Then, the thermal electric hybrid vehicle behaves like a thermal engine vehicle, and no test procedure in hybrid mode is required. Otherwise, the whole test procedure has to be fulfilled in hybrid mode (see 4.7). The following test procedure ensures that the additional other
45、 form of on board energy source participates to the propulsion of the vehicle. This is the reason why the total distance travelled shall exceed the range of the vehicle in pure electric mode (see clause 4 in EN 1986-2:2001), thus implying at least one cold start of the thermal engine. Annex A comple
46、tes the operation mode, and defines the measurements to perform and the calculations. 4.2 Cycle The cycle is the same as that described in 6.2 in EN 1986-2:2001. 4.3 Equipment The equipments are the same as those described in 6.3 in EN 1986-2:2001. 4.4 Fuel The fuel is the same as that described in
47、6.4 in EN 1986-2:2001. 4.5 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements They are the same as those described in Table 1 in EN 1986-2:2001 with t,.e following additions: 4.6 Test conditions The test conditions are the same as described in 6.6 in EN 1986-2:2001. O 4, At the time of the elaboration o
48、f this standard, Directive 70/220/EEC was last amended by Directive 96/69/EC. In case of further amendments, a check of their compatibility with this standard should be undertaken. 6 EN 13444-1 12001 4.7 Operation mode 0 The operation mode is that described in 6.7 in EN 1986-2:2001, but replacing th
49、e set “hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide” with the following set “hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide and particulates”. Additionally the Annex A proposed in EN 1986-2:2001 is to be replaced by the Annex A of this European standard, and Annex D by Annex C. Furthermore, it is recommended to measure the emissions only when the thermal engine is on. 4.8 Expression of the results The emissions noted in the test report are the following: - HC as the hydrocarbon emission expressed in grams per kilometre; - CO as the carbon monoxide emission expressed
