1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13531:2001 +A1:2008 BS 6912-25: 2001 Earth-moving machinery Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact excavators Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO 12117:1997 modified) ICS 53.100; 13.340.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRI
2、GHT LAWNational foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13531:2001+A1:2008. It supersedes BS EN 13531:2001 which will be withdrawn on 30 November 2009. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to C
3、EN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety, to Subcommittee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (Inte
4、rnational). A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot conf
5、er immunity from legal obligations. BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008 Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 31 July 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2008 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 September 2001 B
6、SI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 62364 6 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13531:2001+A1 October 2008 ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 13531:2001 English Version Earth-moving machinery - Tip-over protection structure (TOPS) for compact excavators - Laboratory tests and performance requirements (ISO
7、 12117:1997 modified) Engins de terrassement - Structures de protection au basculement (TOPS) pour mini-pelles - Essais de laboratoires et exigences de performance (ISO 12117:1997 modifie) Erdbaumaschinen - Umsturzvorrichtung (TOPS) fr Kompaktbagger - Prfungen und Anforderungen (ISO 12117:1997, modi
8、fiziert) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 June 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 14 August 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
9、 without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other lan
10、guage made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finl
11、and, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES K
12、OMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13531:2001+A1:2008: EEN 13531:2001+A1:2008 (E) 2 Foreword The text of the International Standard from Tec
13、hnical Committee ISO/TC 127 “Earth-moving machinery” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has been taken over with modifications as a European Standard by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines - Safety“, the secretariat of which
14、is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1
15、, approved by CEN on 2008-08-14. This document supersedes EN 13531:2001. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade
16、Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countri
17、es are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
18、 Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard ISO 12117:1997 has been approved by CEN as a European Standard with agreed common modifications as given below. The informative clause 6.1.4 and the informative Annex B of ISO 12117:1997 dealing with a
19、 longitudinal loading test of TOPS have not been taken over in the European Standard. BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008EN 13531:2001+A1:2008 (E) 3 Introduction This European Standard is a type C-standard as stated in !EN ISO 12100“. 1 Scope This European Standard establishes a consistent and reproducible mea
20、ns of evaluating the load-carrying characteristics of tip-over protective structures (TOPS) under static loading, and prescribes performance requirements of a representative specimen under such loading. It applies to TOPS of compact excavators (as defined in EN ISO 6165) with swing type boom, having
21、 an operating mass (see 3.14) of 1 000 kg to 6 000 kg. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter.
22、For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by Amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). !deleted text“ EN I
23、SO 898-1:1999, Mechanical properties of fasteners made of carbon steel and alloy steel Part 1: Bolts, screws, and studs (ISO 898-1:1999) EN 20898-2:1993, Mechanical properties of fasteners Part 2: Nuts with specified proof load values Coarse thread (ISO 898-2:1992) ISO 148, Steel Charpy impact test
24、(V-notch) EN ISO 3164:1999, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume EN ISO 6683:1999, Earth-moving machinery - Seat belts and seat belt anchorages !EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles
25、 for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)“ ISO 7135:1993, Earth-moving machinery Hydraulic excavators Terminology and commercial specific
26、ations ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement accuracies ISO 10262:1998, Earth-moving machinery Hydraulic excavators Laboratory tests and performance requirements for falling-object guards BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008EN 13531:2001+A1
27、:2008 (E) 4 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 tip-over protective structure (TOPS) system of structural members whose primary purpose is to reduce the possibility of an operator, held by a seat belt system (3.5), being
28、crushed should a machine tip-over NOTE Structural members include any subframe, bracket, mounting, socket, bolt, pin, suspension, flexible shock absorber used to secure the system to the swing frame, but excludes mounting provisions that are integral with the swing frame. 3.1.1 cabin type TOPS TOPS
29、for machines with a cabin 3.1.2 canopy type TOPS TOPS for machines having an open canopy NOTE Both of these types of TOPS are designed to be integrated with the main members of the TOPS for the evaluation test, whether they are separated from the load carrying members or not. 3.2 falling object guar
30、d system of top guard and front guard for the protection of the excavator operators station (See ISO 10262) 3.3 swing frame main chassis or main load bearing structural member(s) of the revolving upper frame of the mini-excavator upon which the TOPS is directly mounted 3.4 swing-type boom boom pivot
31、ed horizontally at the boom base (See ISO 7135:1993, figure 18) 3.5 restrain system seat belt assembly with anchorages (EN ISO 6683:1999, definition 4.3) 3.6 bedplate substantially rigid part of the test fixtures to which the machine frame is attached for the purpose of the test 3.7 deflection-limit
32、ing volume (DLV) orthogonal approximation of a large, seated, male operator wearing normal clothing and a protective helmet (See EN ISO 3164:1999, figure 1) EN ISO 3164:1999, definition 3.1 3.8 representative specimen TOPS, mounting hardware and machine frame (complete or partial) for test purposes
33、that is within the manufacturers specifications 3.9 load distribution device device used to prevent localized penetration of the TOPS members at the load application point BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008EN 13531:2001+A1:2008 (E) 5 3.10 load application point point on the TOPS structure where the test load
34、is applied to the TOPS structure 3.11 deflection of TOPS movement of the TOPS structure caused by the application of the load and measured at the load application point 3.12 simulated ground plane (SGP) flat surface on which a machine, after tipping over, is assumed to come to rest 3.13 lateral simu
35、lated ground plane (LSGP) for a machine coming to rest on its side, the plane 15 away from the DLV about the horizontal axis within the plane established in the vertical plane passing through the outermost point (see Figure 1). This establishes the LSGP. The LSGP is established on an unloaded TOPS a
36、nd moves with the member to which load is applied while maintaining its 15 angle with respect to the vertical 3.14 operating mass mass of the base machine, with equipment and attachments as specified by the manufacturer, operator (75 kg), full fuel tank, and all fluid systems at the levels specified
37、 by the manufacturer. NOTE Soil, mud, rocks, branches, debris, etc. that commonly adhere to or lie on machines in use are not considered as part of the mass of any machine. Material dug, carried or handled in any manner is not considered part of the machine mass in determining test requirements. 4 S
38、ymbols The following symbols are used in this European Standard. 4.1 U: Energy, expressed in joules (J), absorbed by the structure, related to the machine mass (m). 4.2 F: Force, expressed in newtons (N). 4.3 m: Manufacturers maximum recommended machine mass, expressed in kilograms (kg). The manufac
39、turers maximum recommended machine mass includes attachments in operating condition with all reservoirs full to capacity, tools and TOPS. 4.4 L: Length of the TOPS, expressed in millimetres, defined as below. a) For a one- or two-post TOPS with a falling object (top and front) guard for the operator
40、s station and/or cantilevered load-carrying structural members, the length, L, is that portion of the cantilevered load- carrying members which covers at least the vertical projection of the length of the DLV of the operator. It is measured at the top of the TOPS, from the extreme face of the TOPS p
41、ost(s) to the far end of the cantilevered load-carrying members (see Figure 2). b) For all other TOPS, the length, L, is the greatest total longitudinal distance between the outsides of the front and rear posts (see Figure 3). BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008EN 13531:2001+A1:2008 (E) 6 4.5 W: Width of the T
42、OPS, expressed in millimetres, defined as below. a) For a one- or two-post TOPS with a falling object (top and front) guard for the operators station and/or cantilevered load-carrying structural members, the width, W, is that portion of the cantilevered load- carrying members which covers at least t
43、he vertical projection of the width of the DLV. It is measured at the top of the TOPS, members from the extreme face of the TOPS left and right post to the far end of the cantilevered load-carrying members (see Figure 2). b) For all other TOPS, the width, W, is the greatest total width between the o
44、utsides of the left and right TOPS posts (see Figure 3). 4.6 : Deformation of the TOPS, expressed in millimetres. Key a upper TOPS member to which the lateral load is applied b outermost point from the end view of member a c vertical line through point b d vertical plane parallel to the machine long
45、itudinal centreline through line c e lateral simulated ground plane (LSGP) Figure 1 Determination of lateral simulated ground plane (LSGP) BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008EN 13531:2001+A1:2008 (E) 7 Key 1 load distributor 2 socket 3 boundary planes of the DLV NOTE Load distributor and socket are used to pre
46、vent local penetration and to hold the end of the load-generating device. Figure 2 Two-post TOPS lateral load application point BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008EN 13531:2001+A1:2008 (E) 8 Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 load distributor 2 socket 3 boundary planes of the DLV 4 load zone 5 back 6 front NOTE 1
47、 Load distributor and socket are used to prevent local penetration and to hold the end of the load-generating device. NOTE 2 Typical but not mandatory layout. Figure 3 Four-post TOPS lateral load application point BS EN 13531:2001+A1:2008EN 13531:2001+A1:2008 (E) 9 5 Test method and facilities 5.1 G
48、eneral The requirement for TOPS is energy absorption in the lateral direction. There are limitations on deflections under the lateral loading. The energy requirements and limitations on deflection (DLV) under lateral loading are intended to assure that the TOPS will not significantly deform while re
49、taining significant capability to withstand impact in the tip. The evaluation procedure will not necessarily duplicate structural deformations due to a given actual tip-over. However, it is expected that crush protection for a seat-belted operator will be assured under at least the following conditions: a flat hard soil surface; 90 of tip-over about the swing frame longitudinal axis without losing contact with the surface. 5.2 Instrumentation Systems used to measure mass, force and deflection shall be capable of meeting th
