1、BS EN1367-6:2008ICS 91.100.15NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDTests for thermal andweathering propertiesof aggregatesPart 6: Determination of resistance tofreezing and thawing in the presenceof salt (NaCl)This British Standardwas published under t
2、heauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 April2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 57338 5Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1367-6:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1367-6:2008.The UK participation in its preparation
3、 was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/502/6, Test methods.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compli
4、ance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 1367-6:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1367-6July 2008ICS 91.100.15English VersionTests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates - Part6: Determination of resistance to freezing and thawi
5、ng in thepresence of salt (NaCl)Essais pour dterminer les proprits thermiques etlaltrabilit des granulats - Partie 6: Rsistance au gel-dgel au contact du selPrfverfahren fr thermische Eigenschaften undVerwitterungsbestndigkeit von Gesteinskrnungen - Teil 6:Bestndigkeit gegen Frost-Tau-Wechsel in der
6、 Gegenwartvon Salz (NaCl)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and
7、 bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibili
8、ty of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ire
9、land, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
10、 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1367-6:2008: EBS EN 1367-6:2008EN 1367-6:2008 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions4 4 Principle5 5 Apparatus .5
11、 6 Sampling.5 7 Test specimens 6 8 Procedure .6 9 Calculation and expression of results.8 10 Test report.8 Annex A (informative) Precision.9 Bibliography 10 BS EN 1367-6:2008EN 1367-6:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1367-6:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 154 “Aggregates”,
12、 the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2009. Attenti
13、on is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This European Standard is one Part in the EN 1367 series of European Standards under the gene
14、ral title Tests for thermal and weathering properties of aggregates. The other parts are: Part 1: Determination of resistance to freezing and thawing Part 2: Magnesium sulphate test Part 3: Boiling test for “Sonnenbrand basalt“ Part 4: Determination of drying shrinkage Part 5: Determination of resis
15、tance to thermal shock Test methods for other properties of aggregates will be covered by Parts of the following European Standards: EN 932 Tests for general properties of aggregates EN 933 Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates EN 1097 Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggrega
16、tes EN 1744 Tests for chemical properties of aggregates EN 13179 Tests for filler aggregate used in bituminous mixtures According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
17、Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 1367-6:2008EN 136
18、7-6:2008 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method of assessing the frost resistance of an aggregate when it is subjected to the cyclic action of freezing and thawing in the presence of 1 % solution of NaCl in de-ionized or distilled water. The results of this test provide a means for
19、assessing an aggregates resistance to this form of weathering in areas where frequent freeze-thaw cycling occurs with seawater sprays or abundant de-icers conditions, and where result values of EN 1367-1 test method do not describe correctly aggregate performance in extreme conditions. This European
20、 Standard gives the option to control the thawing sequence either by immersion in water or by using air circulation in the low temperature cabinet to obtain the required reference temperature. This test method is applicable to coarse aggregates or to coarse aggregates fractions of all-in materials.
21、This method is not appropriate for lightweight aggregates covered by EN 13055 or aggregates which can not be submitted to 110 C oven drying. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For undated references, the latest edition of
22、 the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 932-1, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 1: Methods for sampling EN 932-2, Tests for general properties of aggregates Part 2: Methods for reducing laboratory samples EN 932-5, Tests for general properties of aggregates Par
23、t 5: Common equipment and calibration EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution Sieving method EN 933-2, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates Part 2: Determination of particle size distribution Test sieves, nominal size of
24、apertures 3 Terms and definitions For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 constant mass successive weighings of the test specimen, after drying it, of at least 1 h apart, not differing by more than 0,1 % NOTE In many cases constant mass can be achieved after
25、a test specimen has been dried for a pre-determined period in a ventilated drying oven at (110 5) C. 3.2 reference temperature temperature of the test specimen measured at the reference temperature measuring point BS EN 1367-6:2008EN 1367-6:2008 (E) 5 3.3 reference temperature measuring point temper
26、ature at the centre of the covered can, filled with a test specimen and 1 % NaCl solution and situated in the centre of the cooled area of the low temperature cabinet 4 Principle The frost resistance of the aggregate is determined by subjecting it to the cyclic action of freezing and thawing in the
27、presence of salt (NaCl). The aggregate is soaked at atmospheric pressure and stored in 1 % NaCl solution for thorough absorption of the solution (see 8.1) and exposed to freezing under 1 % NaCl solution (see 8.2). Three test specimens of a single sized aggregate, having been soaked in 1 % NaCl solut
28、ion at atmospheric pressure, are subjected to 10 freeze-thaw cycles. This involves cooling to -17,5 C under the 1 % NaCl solution and then thawing to 20 C. After completion of the freeze-thaw cycles, the freeze-thaw resistance of the aggregate, as measured by the proportion of aggregate passing thro
29、ugh the d/2 sieve as sieved from the test specimen, is considered separately for each test specimen and then expressed as a mean percentage by mass. 5 Apparatus 5.1 All apparatus, unless otherwise stated, shall conform to the general requirements of EN 932-5. 5.2 Ventilated drying oven, thermostatic
30、ally controlled to maintain a temperature of (110 5) C. 5.3 Balance, readable to 0,1 g, of sufficient capacity. 5.4 Low temperature cabinet, (upright or chest) with air circulation. The cabinet shall be automatically controlled to adhere to the temperature curve shown in Figure 1. The test specimen
31、temperature in the thawing phase may be controlled by either air circulation or immersion in water. Any manual method of control may be used, provided the correct temperature curve for the reference temperature measuring point, as shown in Figure 1, is adhered to. 5.5 Cans, made from corrosion-resis
32、tant sheet metal, with a thickness of about 0,6 mm, having a nominal capacity of 2 000 ml, an internal diameter of 120 mm to 140 mm, and an internal height of 170 mm to 220 mm. Cans shall be covered with lids. 5.6 Test sieves, conforming to EN 933-2. 5.7 1 % NaCl solution, made by mixing 20,0 g of N
33、aCl of analytical grade in 1 980 g of de-ionized or distilled water and making up to 2 000 g of the solution. 6 Sampling Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with EN 932-1. BS EN 1367-6:2008EN 1367-6:2008 (E) 6 7 Test specimens 7.1 General The preferred size fraction of the test specimen shal
34、l be within the range 8 mm (d) to 16 mm (D). If the product size is smaller than 8 mm, a size fraction of 4 mm to 8 mm may be used. Three individual test specimens shall be used. The test specimens shall be obtained in accordance with EN 932-2 by sample reduction. Particles retained on “D” sieve or
35、passing “d” sieve shall be removed. 7.2 Mass of test specimens The quantities for each of the three individual test specimens are specified in Table 1. Deviations of 5 % are permissible. Table 1 Mass of test specimens Size fraction (d to D) (mm) Mass of test specimen (g) 8 to 16 4 to 8 2 000 1 000 7
36、.3 Preparation of test specimens The test specimens shall be washed according to EN 933-1 on the 8 mm sieve (or 4 mm sieve if the smaller size fraction is used). They shall be dried to constant mass at (110 5) C, according to EN 933-1 and allowed to cool to room temperature and weighed immediately (
37、M1) to the nearest 0,1 g. 8 Procedure 8.1 Soaking Store the test specimens prepared in accordance with 7.3 for (24 1) h in the cans at (20 3) C. Add the 1 % NaCl solution, and cover the test specimen by at least 10 mm for the full 24 h period of soaking. 8.2 Exposure to freezing under 1 % NaCl solut
38、ion Check that the 1 % NaCl solution level in each can is still at least 10 mm above the top of the test specimen and place the lids on the cans. Place the covered cans containing the test specimens in the low temperature cabinet, ensuring that the distance between the cans and the sidewalls of the
39、cabinet is not less than 50 mm and the cans are not touching, in order that the heat is extracted from them as uniformly as possible from all sides. Use the reference temperature measuring point (see Clause 3) to regulate the low temperature cabinet so that the reference temperature follows a temper
40、ature curve inside the limits shown in Figure 1. NOTE If desired, more than one reference temperature measuring point may be used, distributed at different levels in the cabinet, to increase the accuracy of the temperature control. BS EN 1367-6:2008EN 1367-6:2008 (E) 7 Subject the test specimens in
41、the cans in the low temperature cabinet to a series of 10 freeze-thaw cycles as follows: a) Reduce the temperature from (20 3) C to (- 1,0 0,5) C in (150 30) min and hold at (- 1,0 0,5) C till (360 30) min from the beginning of the cycle; b) Reduce the temperature from (- 1,0 0,5) C to reach (- 17,5
42、 2,5) C (540 30) min after the beginning of the cycle and hold at (- 17,5 2,5) C for a minimum of 240 min. If the test needs to be interrupted, when under manual control for example at weekends, the cans shall be kept at (-17,5 2,5) C. The total interruption shall not exceed 72 h; c) At no stage all
43、ow the temperature of the air in the cabinet to fall below - 22 C; d) After the completion of each freezing phase, thaw the cans by immersion in water or by using air circulation in the cabinet until the reference temperature has reached (20 3) C; e) After the completion of each thawing phase hold t
44、he cans at (20 3) C for a maximum of 10 h and a minimum of 1 h. Each freeze-thaw cycle shall be completed within 24 h (except when interruption occurs according to 8.2 b). On completion of the tenth cycle, pour the contents of each can into a test sieve having an aperture size that is half the lower
45、 size sieve used to prepare the test specimen (e.g. in the case of the 8 mm to 16 mm size fraction, into a test sieve of 4 mm aperture size). Wash and sieve the test specimen on the specified sieve by hand. Dry the residue remaining on the sieve at (110 5) C to constant mass, cool to ambient tempera
46、ture and weigh immediately (M2) to the nearest 0,1 g. Key X Time (min) Y Temperature (C) Figure 1 Temperature curve with tolerance limits for the reference temperature measuring point(s) BS EN 1367-6:2008EN 1367-6:2008 (E) 8 9 Calculation and expression of results For each test specimen, calculate t
47、he result of the freeze-thaw test (F), to the nearest 0,1 % by mass, in accordance with the following equation: 100121=MMMF where M1 is the initial dry mass of the test specimen, in grams; M2 is the final dry mass of the test specimen that is retained on the sieve specified in 8.2, in grams; Fis the
48、 percentage loss in mass of the test specimen after freeze-thaw cycling. Calculate FNaClas the mean of the three individual test results, to the nearest %. NOTE A statement on the precision of this test is given in Annex A. 10 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) a
49、 reference to this European Standard, i.e. EN 1367-6; b) the sampling method and marking, designation and origin of the laboratory sample; c) the size fraction of the test specimens; d) the result of the freeze-thaw test, F, for each test specimen; e) the test result FNaCl ; f) the date of the test report and name of the test laboratory; g) any unusual disintegration of the aggregate retained on the sieve at the end of the test. BS EN 1367-6:2008EN 1367-6:2008 (E) 9 Annex A (informative) Pr
