1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14015:2004 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Specification for the design and manufacture of site built, vertical, cylindrical, flat-bottomed, above ground, welded, steel tanks for the storage of liquids at ambient temperature and above The European Standard EN 14015:2004 has th
2、e status of a British Standard ICS 23.020.10 BS EN 14015:2004 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 4 February 2005 BSI 11 February 2005 ISBN 0 580 45461 4 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language ver
3、sion of EN 14015:2004. It supersedes BS 2654:1989 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/15, Storage tanks for the petroleum industry, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained
4、on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of th
5、e BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enq
6、uirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This do
7、cument comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 247 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 15597 11 February 2005 Insertion of s
8、upersession detailsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN14015 November2004 ICS23.020.10 Englishversion Specificationforthedesignandmanufactureofsitebuilt, vertical,cylindrical,flatbottomed,aboveground,welded,steel tanksforthestorageofliquidsatambienttemperatureand above Spcificationpourl
9、aconceptionetlafabricationde rservoirsenacier,souds,ariens,fondplat, cylindriques,verticaux,construitsursitedestinsau stockagedesliquideslatempratureambianteou suprieure AuslegungundHerstellungstandortgefertigter, oberirdischer,stehender,zylindrischer,geschweiter FlachbodenStahltanksfrdieLagerungvon
10、Flssigkeiten beiUmgebungstemperaturundhherenTemperaturen ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon2February2004. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibl
11、iographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifi
12、edtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia,
13、 Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2004CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN14015:
14、2004:EEN 14015:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword. 11 1 Scope 12 2 Normative references . 13 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations 15 3.1 Terms and definitions. 15 3.2 Symbols . 19 3.3 Abbreviations 21 4 Information and requirements to be documented. 22 4.1 Information to be specified by th
15、e purchaser 22 4.2 Information to be agreed between the purchaser and the tank manufacturer. 22 4.3 Information to be supplied by the tank manufacturer. 22 4.4 Information to be supplied by the steel manufacturer 22 4.5 Information to be agreed between the steel manufacturer and the tank manufacture
16、r . 22 4.6 Information to be agreed between the purchaser and the cover supplier 22 4.7 Information to be agreed between the tank manufacturer and the cover supplier 22 4.8 Information to be supplied by the cover supplier . 22 5 Requirements 22 5.1 Design pressure 22 5.2 Design metal temperature 23
17、5.2.1 Maximum design metal temperature. 23 5.2.2 Minimum design metal temperature . 23 5.3 Design density. 24 5.4 Yield strength 24 6 Materials. 24 6.1 Carbon and carbon manganese steels. 24 6.1.1 Plate materials.24 6.1.2 Structural steel sections 30 6.1.3 Forgings. 30 6.1.4 Pipes. 31 6.1.5 Welding
18、consumables 31 6.1.6 Charpy V-notch impact energy requirements of carbon and carbon manganese steels 31 6.1.7 Mountings 33 6.1.8 Thickness tolerances 33 6.2 Stainless steels . 34 6.2.1 General. 34 6.2.2 Plate materials.36 6.2.3 Structural steel sections 36 6.2.4 Forgings. 36 6.2.5 Pipes. 36 6.2.6 We
19、lding consumables 37 7 Design loads37 7.1 Loads 37 7.2 Load values .38 7.2.1 Liquid induced loads 38 7.2.2 Internal pressure loads. 38 EN 14015:2004 (E) 3 7.2.3 Thermally induced loads 38 7.2.4 Dead loads . 38 7.2.5 Insulation loads. 38 7.2.6 Live load. 38 7.2.7 Concentrated live load 38 7.2.8 Snow
20、loads 38 7.2.9 Rainfall . 39 7.2.10 Wind 39 7.2.11 Seismic loads 39 7.2.12 Loads resulting from connected piping and attachments 39 7.2.13 Foundation settlement loads . 39 7.2.14 Emergency loads 39 7.3 Load combinations . 39 8 Tank bottoms. 40 8.1 General. 40 8.2 Materials. 40 8.3 Design 43 8.4 Fabr
21、ication. 43 9 Shell design . 45 9.1 Design and test stress 45 9.2 Internal loads. 48 9.3 Wind and vacuum loads. 49 9.3.1 Stiffening rings49 9.3.2 Primary stiffening ring (wind girder) design 51 9.3.3 Secondary stiffening ring (wind girder) design . 51 9.4 Shell plate arrangement . 54 9.5 Shell joint
22、s . 54 10 Fixed roof design 54 10.1 Loads 54 10.2 Type of roof . 54 10.3 Roof plating with supporting structure 54 10.4 Roof plating without supporting structure (membrane roofs). 56 10.5 Compression area at the junction of the shell and roof . 56 10.6 Venting requirements . 59 10.6.1 General. 59 10
23、.6.2 Scope of venting provided. 59 10.6.3 Venting capacity 59 10.6.4 Accumulation of pressure and vacuum 59 10.7 Floating covers 59 11 Floating roof design 59 12 Tank anchorage. 60 12.1 General. 60 12.2 Anchorage attachment . 60 12.3 Holding down bolt or strap 60 12.3.1 Allowable tensile stress . 60
24、 12.3.2 Cross-sectional area. 60 12.4 Resistance to uplift during test . 61 13 Mountings 61 13.1 Shell nozzles O/D 80 mm and above. 61 13.2 Shell nozzles less than O/D 80 mm . 71 13.3 Roof nozzles 71 13.4 Studded pad connections 73 13.5 Nozzle loads 73 13.6 Flush type clean-out doors and water draw-
25、off sumps 73 13.6.1 General. 73 13.6.2 Flush type clean-out doors 74 EN 14015:2004 (E) 4 13.6.3 Water draw-off sumps 74 13.6.4 Combined water draw-off and clean-out sump 74 13.7 Nozzle welding details 74 13.8 Flange drilling 75 13.9 Post-weld heat treatment of nozzles. 75 13.10 Heating and/or coolin
26、g systems 75 13.11 Stairways and walkways 78 13.12 Handrailing 78 13.13 Ladders 79 13.14 Earthing connections . 79 13.15 Permanent attachments . 79 13.16 Temporary attachments . 79 14 Insulation . 79 15 Shop fabrication of tank components 79 15.1 General. 79 15.2 Reception and identification of mate
27、rials. 79 15.3 Handling and storage of materials 80 15.4 Material markings 80 15.5 Plate preparation and tolerances 81 15.6 Preparation of nozzle components . 81 15.7 Plate forming and tolerances. 81 15.8 Openings 81 15.8.1 Nozzles. 81 15.8.2 Inspection windows 82 15.8.3 Nozzles for mixers 82 15.8.4
28、 Clean-out doors. 82 15.8.5 Reinforcement plates 82 15.8.6 Insert plates . 82 15.9 Welding 82 15.10 Surface condition 83 15.11 Marking for erection purposes 83 15.12 Packing, handling and transport to site . 83 16 Site erection and tolerances 84 16.1 General. 84 16.2 Foundations.84 16.2.1 General. 8
29、4 16.2.2 Peripheral tolerance 85 16.2.3 Foundation surface tolerance 85 16.3 Anchor points 85 16.4 Handling and storage . 86 16.5 Rectification of parts damaged during transportation and handling 86 16.6 Bottom plates 86 16.7 Shell to bottom, and shell 86 16.7.1 Assembly tolerances of first shell co
30、urse on flat bottom. 86 16.7.2 Tolerance on shell geometry . 87 16.7.3 Vertical tolerance 88 16.7.4 Tolerances on alignment of plates 88 16.7.5 Tolerances on shape of welded joints 88 16.7.6 Primary and secondary stiffening rings (wind girders) 89 16.8 Fixed roofs. 89 16.8.1 General. 89 16.8.2 Suppo
31、rt framework . 89 16.8.3 Roof plates. 89 16.8.4 Roof plating and roof structure . 90 16.8.5 Frangible roofs 90 16.9 Nozzles. 90 16.10 External attachments 90 16.11 Internal attachments. 90 EN 14015:2004 (E) 5 16.12 Temporary attachments . 90 17 Approval of welding procedures and welders . 91 17.1 Ge
32、neral. 91 17.2 Welding procedure approval . 91 17.2.1 General. 91 17.2.2 Welding of test pieces 91 17.2.3 Examination and testing of test pieces 91 17.3 Welding Procedure Approval Record (WPAR). 92 17.3.1 Preparation 92 17.3.2 Range of approval. 92 17.4 Welders and welding operators approval. 92 17.
33、5 Production control test plates . 92 17.5.1 Horizontal welds 92 17.5.2 Vertical welds 93 18 Welding 93 18.1 General. 93 18.2 Welding sequences. 93 18.3 Welding of bottoms. 93 18.3.1 Removal of coatings. 93 18.3.2 Annular ring plates . 93 18.3.3 Bottom plates 94 18.4 Welding of shell to bottom. 94 1
34、8.5 Welding of shell. 94 18.6 Welding of roof94 18.7 Temporary welds. 94 18.8 Atmospheric conditions. 94 18.9 Preheating 95 18.10 Post-weld heat treatment . 95 18.11 Repair welding. 96 19 Testing and inspection. 96 19.1 General. 96 19.2 Qualification of NDT personnel . 96 19.3 Test procedures 97 19.
35、4 Type of inspections and examinations. 97 19.4.1 Inspection of materials. 97 19.4.2 Examinations of edges to be welded and joint preparations. 97 19.4.3 Visual examination 97 19.4.4 Type and extent of examination and test of welds 98 19.4.5 Additional examinations if imperfections are found. 102 19
36、.5 Vacuum box test . 103 19.6 Penetrant test 104 19.7 Magnetic particle examination. 104 19.8 Soap bubble examination 104 19.8.1 Reinforcement plates 104 19.8.2 Fixed roof and roof to shell 104 19.8.3 Shell to bottom with double fillet weld . 105 19.9 Radiographic examination . 105 19.9.1 General pr
37、ocedure 105 19.9.2 Storage of films . 105 19.10 Ultrasonic examination. 105 19.11 Acceptance criteria. 106 19.11.1 Imperfection acceptance criteria. 106 19.11.2 Acceptable thinning after grinding . 109 19.12 Dimensional check 110 19.13 Hydrostatic and pneumatic tests 110 19.13.1 General. 110 19.13.2
38、 Hydrostatic test liquid level . 110 19.13.3 Pneumatic test pressure 110 EN 14015:2004 (E) 6 19.13.4 Conditions of implementation . 110 19.13.5 Examination during filling 111 19.13.6 Filling 112 19.13.7 Checking and testing of roof (over pressure) 112 19.13.8 Test for tank stability under negative p
39、ressure. 113 19.14 Empty checks 113 19.15 Accessories . 113 19.15.1 External accessories 113 19.15.2 Internal accessories 113 20 Documentation and name-plate 114 20.1 Documentation 114 20.2 Name-plate.116 Annex A (normative) Information and requirements to be documented 117 A.1 Information to be sup
40、plied by the purchaser. 117 A.2 Information agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer . 119 A.3 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer . 120 A.4 Information to be supplied by the steel manufacturer 121 A.5 Information to be agreed between the steel manufacturer and the tank manufactu
41、rer . 121 A.6 Information to be agreed between the purchaser and the cover supplier 121 A.7 Information to be agreed between the tank manufacturer and the cover supplier 121 A.8 Information to be supplied by the cover supplier . 121 Annex B (informative) Operational and safety considerations for sto
42、rage tanks and storage installations . 122 B.1 General. 122 B.2 Tank type . 122 B.2.1 Stored product 122 B.2.2 Local climatic and geological conditions. 122 B.3 Health, safety and environmental considerations. 123 B.3.1 Containment 123 B.3.2 Fire protection . 123 B.4 Attachments to tanks for safety
43、or firefighting facilities 123 Annex C (normative) Requirements for floating covers . 124 C.1 General. 124 C.2 Types of floating covers. 125 C.3 Design and construction requirements 128 C.3.1 Design 128 C.3.2 Materials of construction . 130 C.3.3 Cover fittings . 133 C.3.4 Tank fittings. 137 C.4 Ins
44、tallation . 139 C.4.1 Tank examination 139 C.4.2 Examination and installation of the cover 139 C.4.3 Tests. 140 C.5 Documentation 140 Annex D (normative) Requirements for floating roofs 141 D.1 General. 141 D.2 Roof types 141 D.3 Design 141 D.3.1 General. 141 D.3.2 Buoyancy . 142 D.3.3 Structural de
45、sign. 144 D.3.4 Roof stability under wind load. 144 D.3.5 Pontoon manholes 144 D.3.6 Roof manhole 144 D.3.7 Centering and anti-rotation devices 144 D.3.8 Main roof drains 145 EN 14015:2004 (E) 7 D.3.9 Emergency drains. 145 D.3.10 Drain plugs 145 D.3.11 Vents. 146 D.3.12 Seals. 146 D.3.13 Support leg
46、s 146 D.3.14 Gauging device . 147 D.3.15 Rolling ladder 147 D.3.16 Earthing cables . 147 D.3.17 Foam dam 147 D.4 Prefabrication in the workshop . 147 D.5 Marking, packing, handling, transport 148 D.5.1 General. 148 D.5.2 Repair after damage during handling operations 148 D.6 Assembly . 148 D.7 Weldi
47、ng 148 D.7.1 General. 148 D.7.2 Support legs 148 D.7.3 Bulkheads 148 D.8 Inspection and testing 149 D.8.1 Welds 149 D.8.2 Pontoons 149 D.8.3 Checks 149 D.8.4 Drains . 149 D.9 Documentation 149 Annex E (normative) Requirements for rim seals for floating roofs . 150 E.1 General. 150 E.2 Design 150 E.3
48、 Seal types 151 E.4 Weather shields. 151 E.5 Application and technical details of rim seals. 151 E.5.1 Mechanical shoe seals . 151 E.5.2 Spring-forced lip primary seals . 152 E.5.3 Liquid-filled primary seals 152 E.5.4 Foam-filled primary seals. 152 E.5.5 Spring-forced pad or lip secondary seals 152 E.5.6 Compression plate secondary seals. 153 E.5.7 Wiper seals 153 E.5.8 Integrated primary/secondary seals . 153 E.6 Installation . 153 Annex F (normative) Selection of carbon and carbon manganese steel plate to alternative specifications to thos
