1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14253:2003 +A1:2007 Mechanical vibration Measurement and calculation of occupational exposure to whole-body vibration with reference to health Practical guidance ICS 13.160 BS EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy
2、 and Strategy Committee on 14 January 2004 BSI 2008 ISBN 978 0 580 64284 5 National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14253:2003+A1:2007. It supersedes BS EN 14253:2003 which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the
3、 text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GME/21/6, Human exposure to mechanical vibration. A list of organiz
4、ations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. European legislation (The Physical Agents (Vibration) Directive, 2002/44/EC) requires employers to assess workers exposure to whole-body vibration and sets a daily exposure action value and limit value. These exposure
5、levels are defined in the Directive in terms of the eight-hour energy-equivalent frequency-weighted acceleration (known as the A(8) value) or, alternatively, the daily vibration dose value (VDV). This Standard was developed by CEN TC231 to support the requirements of the Directive by supplementing t
6、he information in ISO 2631-1:1997 with practical guidance. However, the United Kingdom committee was concerned that the standard considers only exposures based on the eight-hour energy- equivalent frequency-weighted acceleration (known as the A(8) value) and not on the daily vibration dose value (VD
7、V), although both methods are given equal prominence in the Directive. In response to this concern National Annex NA has been added to this standard to provide guidance on the evaluation of exposures using the VDV method. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
8、 contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Comments 30 September 2008 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2007, incorporating National Annex NA EURO
9、PEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14253:2003+A1 November 2007 ICS 13.160 Supersedes EN 14253:2003 English Version Mechanical vibration - Measurement and calculation of occupational exposure to whole-body vibration with reference to health - Practical guidance Vibrations mcaniques - Me
10、surage et calcul de leffet sur la sant de lexposition professionnelle aux vibrations transmises lensemble du corps - Guide pratique Mechanische Schwingungen - Messung und rechnerische Ermittlung der Einwirkung von Ganzkrper-Schwingungen auf den Menschen am Arbeitsplatz im Hinblick auf seine Gesundhe
11、it - Praxisgerechte Anleitung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 September 2003 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 21 October 2007. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the sta
12、tus of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
13、A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republ
14、ic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE N
15、ORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14253:2003+A1:2007: E2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope .5 2 Nor
16、mative references.5 3 Terms and definitions 5 4 Quantities to be evaluated.6 5 Preparation of the measurement procedure6 6 Measurement of vibration10 7 Measurement uncertainty 13 8 Calculation of the daily vibration exposure.15 9 Information to be reported.15 Annex A (informative) Examples of the ca
17、lculation of daily vibration exposure .17 Annex B (informative) Some numerical examples of the determination of daily vibration exposure19 Annex C (informative) Guidance on handling of transient acceleration artefacts due to intentional operator movements 21 Bibliography 24 BS EN 14253:2003+A1:2007
18、EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) National Annex (informative) to BS EN 14253:2003+A1:2007. Practical guidance on using the vibration dose value (VDV) method 25 3 Foreword Thisdocument(EN14253:2003)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC231“Mechanicalvibration andshock”,thesecret
19、ariatofwhichisheldbyDIN. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationofanidenticaltextor byendorsement,atthelatestbyMay2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestby May2004. AnnexesAandBareinformative UsersofthisEN,preparedinthefieldofapplicati
20、onofArticle137(formerly118a)oftheECTreaty,shouldbe awarethatstandardshavenoformallegalrelationshipwithDirectiveswhichmayhavebeenmadeunderArticle 137oftheTreaty.Inaddition,nationallegislationintheMemberstatesmaycontainmorestringentrequirements thantheminimumrequirementsofaDirectivebasedonArticle137.I
21、nformationontherelationshipbetweenthe nationallegislationimplementingDirectivesbasedonArticle137andthisENmaybegiveninanationalforeword ofthenationalstandardimplementingthisEN. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefollowing countriesareboundtoimplementthi
22、sEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland, France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal, Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Foreword to amendment A1 This document (EN 14253:2003+A1:2007) has been prepared by
23、 Technical Committee CEN/TC 231 “Mechanical vibration and shock”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2008, and conflicting national standa
24、rds shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2008. This document supersedes EN 14253:2003. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2007-10-21. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !“. Users of this EN, prepared in the field of
25、 application of Article 137 (formerly 118a) of the EC Treaty, should be aware that standards have no formal legal relationship with Directives which may have been made under Article 137 of the Treaty. In addition, national legislation in the Member states may contain more stringent requirements than
26、 the minimum requirements of a Directive based on Article 137. Information on the relationship between the national legislation implementing Directives based on Article 137 and this EN may be given in a national foreword of the national standard implementing this EN. According to the CEN/CENELEC Int
27、ernal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, M
28、alta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E)4 Introduction Occupational exposure to whole-body vibration can, in some circumstances, contribute to illness. The general r
29、equirements for measuring and evaluating whole-body vibration exposure are specified in ISO 2631-1. The aim of this European Standard is to provide practical guidelines to develop an effective strategy for evaluation of whole- body vibration exposure at the workplace. The use of the strategy describ
30、ed in this European Standard will lead to a realistic picture of the daily exposure of a subject and of the relevant uncertainties. The evaluation of vibration exposure can be broken up into a number of different stages: identifying a series of discrete operations which make up the subjects working
31、pattern; selection of operations to be evaluated; establishing the r.m.s. acceleration value for each selected operation; evaluation of a typical daily exposure time for each operation identified; calculating the daily vibration exposure. BS EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E) EN 14253:2
32、003+A1:2007 (E)5 1 Scope This European Standard provides guidelines for the measurement and evaluation of whole-body vibration at the workplace. This European Standard describes the precautions to be taken to make representative vibration measurements and to determine the daily exposure time for eac
33、h operation in order to calculate the daily exposure value standardized to an 8 h reference period. This European Standard provides a means to determine the relevant operations that should be taken into account when determining the vibration exposure. This European Standard applies to situations whe
34、re people are exposed to whole-body vibration at the workplace, transmitted through the buttocks for a seated person or through the feet for a standing person. This European Standard is restricted to the evaluation of exposure to whole-body vibration using quantities derived from frequency-weighted
35、root-mean-square acceleration. The frequency range considered is 0,5 Hz to 80 Hz. Where the vibration includes shocks or impacts, methods in this European Standard may underestimate the severity of the exposure. There is a need to assess the risks arising from exposure to whole-body shocks and high
36、crest factor vibration. Methods for this are beyond the scope of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
37、of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. !EN ISO 8041, Human response to vibration - Measuring instrumentation (ISO 8041:2005)“ EN 30326-1, Mechanical vibration Laboratory method for evaluating vehicle seat vibration Part 1: Basic requirements (ISO 10326-1:1992) ISO 2631-1, Mec
38、hanical vibration and shock Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration Part 1: General requirements ISO 5347 (all parts), Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-ups ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock Mechanical mounting of accelerometers ISO 16063 (all parts), Method
39、s for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 operation identifiable activity for which a representative vibration magnitude measurement is made, being a combination of a typ
40、e of work and a working condition EXAMPLE The type of work can be travelling for a lorry, lifting for a fork-lift truck, etc.; a working condition can be good or poor travelling surface, soft or hard material to excavate, etc. 3.2 work cycle operation or series of different operations, which is repe
41、ated BS EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 EN 14253:2003+A1:2007 (E)6 4 Quantities to be evaluated There are two principal quantities to be evaluated for each operation i during exposure to vibration: The frequency-weighted acceleration in metres per second squared (m/s 2 ), expressed as the root-mean- square (r
42、.m.s.) values a wifor each of the three axes at the supporting surface; the total duration per day T iof vibration exposure for operation i. The daily vibration exposure A l (8), in m/s 2 , for each direction l is defined as: = i i wli l l T a T k A 2 0 1 ) 8 ( (1) where a wliis the frequency-weight
43、ed r.m.s. value of the acceleration, determined over the time period T ik x= k y= 1,4 for the x- and y-directions; k z= 1 for the z-direction l = x, y, z T 0is the reference duration of 8 h (28800 s) NOTE 1 The Physical Agents Directive 2002/44/EC allows an 8-h vibration dose value (VDV) instead of
44、A(8). Where VDV is used, the A l(8) in this European Standard should be replaced by the daily vibration dose value in the l direction. The use of VDV instead of A(8) will generally result in a different evaluation of the health risk. NOTE 2 The values of k l in the x- and y-directions are based on s
45、ensitivity of seated persons but the same factors should be applied for other postures, e.g. standing. NOTE 3 If it can be shown that there is clearly a dominant direction it is sufficient to measure only this direction. The individual contribution of an operation or work cycle i to the daily vibrat
46、ion exposure can be calculated as: 0 ) 8 ( T T a k A i wli l li = (2) 5 Preparation of the measurement procedure 5.1 General The vibration exposure of an individual during a working day may involve a series of different operations, some of which may be repeated. The vibration exposure may vary great
47、ly from one operation to another, e.g. due to the operators behaviour, the use of different machines or differences between the operations, or due to seasonal effects. Before making measurements, it is first necessary to identify the individual operations which are likely to contribute substantially
48、 to the overall exposure. The location and nature of each operation should be defined accurately and the total duration associated with the individual worker during the single day should be quantified. A survey should be undertaken to establish an “exposure profile”. This will help to determine the likely relative importance of each type of operation in the overall value of A(8), to identify those for which measurements are required, and to assist in the planning of any necessary exposure controls. The daily vibration exposure A(8) ma
