1、BS EN 196-6:2010ICS 91.100.10NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDMethods of testingcementPart 6: Determination of finenessThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2010. BSI 201
2、0ISBN 978 0 580 62238 0Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 196-6:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 196-6:2010. Itsupersedes BS EN 196-6:1992 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommi
3、ttee B/516, Cement and lime.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.The European Standard specifies the use of a reference material of known sieve residue for checking the sieve in the sieving method (clause 3). National Annex NA gives a suita
4、ble reference material for the UK.The European Standard furthermore specifies the use of a reference cement of known specific surface for the determination of the apparatus constant in the air permeability method (Blaine method) (clause 4). National Annex NB describes a procedure previously given in
5、 BS 4550 for measuring the absolute specific surface of a possible, future reference cement, ideally sourced within Europe, for use with this European Standard.The European Standard includes in 4.5.3 only the principle of the method of determination of density which is required for the air permeabil
6、ity methods. National Annex NC therefore describes in full a procedure for determining the density of cement.National Annex ND indicates UK preferred methods for the reporting of the results.National Annex NE gives details of corresponding British Standards forInternational Standards referred to in
7、the European Standard.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 196-6:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCH
8、E NORM EN 196-6 January 2010 ICS 91.100.10 Supersedes EN 196-6:1989English Version Methods of testing cement - Part 6: Determination of fineness Mthodes dessai des ciments - Partie 6: Dtermination de la finesse Prfverfahren fr Zement - Teil 6: Bestimmung der Mahlfeinheit This European Standard was a
9、pproved by CEN on 21 December 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nat
10、ional standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and
11、 notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
12、Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All
13、 rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 196-6:2010: EBS EN 196-6:2010EN 196-6:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Sieving method 53.1 Principle 53.2 Apparatus .53.3 Material for checking the sieve
14、 63.4 Procedure .63.5 Expression of results 74 Air permeability method (Blaine method) .74.1 Principle 74.2 Apparatus .74.3 Materials 104.4 Test conditions . 104.5 Compacted cement bed . 104.6 Air permeability test . 114.7 Calibration of apparatus 124.8 Special cements 144.9 Simplification of the ca
15、lculations 154.10 Expression of results . 165 Air-jet sieving method 165.1 Principle . 165.2 Apparatus 175.3 Procedure 185.4 Checking the sieve . 185.5 Expression of results . 185.6 Repeatability and reproducibility 18BS EN 196-6:2010EN 196-6:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 196-6:2010) has bee
16、n prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 51 “Cement and building limes”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2010, and conflicting nationa
17、l standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN
18、 196-6:1989. EN 196, Methods of testing cement, consists of the following parts: Part 1: Determination of strength Part 2: Chemical analysis of cement Part 3: Determination of setting times and soundness Part 5: Pozzolanicity test for pozzolanic cement Part 6: Determination of fineness Part 7: Metho
19、ds of taking and preparing samples of cement Part 8: Heat of hydration Solution method Part 9: Heat of hydration Semi-adiabatic method Part 10: Determination of the water-soluble chromium (VI) content of cement NOTE A previous part, EN 196-21, Methods of testing cement Determination of the chloride,
20、 carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement, has been revised and incorporated into EN 196-2. Another document, ENV 196-4, Methods of testing cement Quantitative determination of constituents, has been published as CEN/TR 196-4, Methods of testing cement Part 4: Quantitative determination of consti
21、tuents. This edition introduces the following technical changes based on comments received by the Secretariat: a) A method to determine the residue on sieving by air-jet equipment is included; b) The method for calibration of the air permeability equipment has been clarified and an alternative metho
22、d, avoiding the use of mercury, added; c) The factors used in the air permeability (Blaine) method have been corrected for errors introduced in the conversion to SI units. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to
23、implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech BS EN 196-6:2010EN 196-6:2010 (E) 4 Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romani
24、a, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 196-6:2010EN 196-6:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard describes three methods of determining the fineness of cement. The sieving method serves only to demonstrate the presence of coarse cement particles. This meth
25、od is primarily suited to checking and controlling the production process. The air-jet sieving method measures the retention on sieving and is suitable for particles which substantially pass a 2,0 mm test sieve. It may be used to determine the particle size distribution of agglomerates of very fine
26、particles. This method may be used with test sieves in a range of aperture sizes, e.g. 63 m and 90 m. The air permeability method (Blaine) measures the specific surface (mass related surface) by comparison with a reference cement sample. The determination of the specific surface serves primarily to
27、check the consistency of the grinding process of one and the same plant. This method only enables a limited assessment to be made of the properties of the cement in use. NOTE The air permeability method may not give significant results for cements containing ultrafine materials. The methods are appl
28、icable to all the cements defined in EN 197. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any am
29、endments) applies. EN 197-1, Cement Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements ISO 383:1976, Laboratory glassware Interchangeable conical ground joints ISO 565, Test sieves Metal wire cloth, perforated metal plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings
30、ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth ISO 4803, Laboratory glassware Borosilicate glass tubing 3 Sieving method 3.1 Principle The fineness of cement is measured by sieving it on standard sieves. The proportion of cement of which the grain
31、sizes are larger than the specified mesh size is thus determined. A reference sample having a known proportion of material coarser than the specified mesh size is used for checking the specified sieve. 3.2 Apparatus 3.2.1 Test sieve, comprising a firm, durable, non-corrodible, cylindrical frame of 1
32、50 mm to 200 mm nominal diameter and 40 mm to 100 mm depth, fitted with, e.g. 90 m, mesh sieve cloth of woven stainless steel, or other abrasion-resisting and non-corrodible metal wire. BS EN 196-6:2010EN 196-6:2010 (E) 6 The sieve cloth shall conform to the requirements of ISO 565 and ISO 3310-1 an
33、d shall be free of visible irregularities in mesh size when inspected optically by the methods of ISO 3310-1. A tray fitting beneath the sieve frame and a lid fitting above it shall be provided to avoid loss of material during sieving. NOTE Sieving may be carried out manually or on a sieving machine
34、. 3.2.2 Balance, capable of weighing up to 25 g to the nearest 0,01 g. 3.3 Material for checking the sieve A reference material of known sieve residue shall be provided for checking the sieve. The material shall be stored in sealed, airtight containers to avoid changes in its characteristics due to
35、absorption or deposition from the atmosphere. The containers shall be marked with the sieve residue of the reference material. 3.4 Procedure 3.4.1 Determination of the cement residue Agitate the sample of cement to be tested by shaking for 2 min in a stoppered jar to disperse agglomerates. Wait 2 mi
36、n. Stir the resulting powder gently using a clean dry rod to distribute the fines throughout the cement. Fit the tray under the sieve. Weigh (25 0,5) g of cement to the nearest 0,01 g and place it in the sieve, being careful to avoid loss. Disperse any agglomerates. Fit the lid over the sieve. Agita
37、te the sieve by swirling, planetary and linear movements until no more fine material passes through it. Remove and weigh the residue. Express its mass as a percentage, R1of the quantity first placed in the sieve to the nearest 0,1 %. Gently brush all the fine material off the base of the sieve into
38、the tray. Repeat the whole procedure using a fresh 25 g sample to obtain R2. Then calculate the residue of the cement R as the mean of R1and R2as a percentage, expressed to the nearest 0,1 %. When the results differ by more than 1 % absolute, repeat the whole procedure a third time and calculate the
39、 mean of the three values. Sieving by the manual process requires a skilled and experienced operator. 3.4.2 Checking the sieve Sieves should be cleaned and checked for damage after each sieving (e.g. that the mesh is taut and is not dented or perforated). In addition, check the sieve after every 100
40、 sievings as follows: Agitate the sample of reference material, to be used for checking the sieve, by shaking for 2 min in a stoppered jar to disperse agglomerates. Wait 2 min. Stir the resulting powder gently using a clean dry rod to distribute the fines throughout the reference material. Fit the t
41、ray under the sieve. Weigh (25 0,5) g of the reference material (3.3) to the nearest 0,01 g and place it in the sieve, being careful to avoid loss. Sieve the material in accordance with 3.4.1 including the repeat determination of residue to yield two values P1and P2expressed to the nearest 0,1 %. Th
42、e two values of P1 and P2 for a satisfactory sieve should differ by not more than 0,6 %. Their mean P characterizes the state of the sieve. Given the known residue on the sieve of the reference material, R0, calculate R0IP as the sieve factor, F, expressed to the nearest 0,01. The residue, R, determ
43、ined as in 3.4.1 shall be corrected by multiplying by F, which may have a value of 1,00 0,20. BS EN 196-6:2010EN 196-6:2010 (E) 7 When the factor F exceeds the permitted value, 1,00 0,20, the sieve shall be discarded. NOTE Any other checking procedure, such as the optical methods described in ISO 33
44、10-1 may be used. All sieves will wear slowly and consequently their sieve factor, F, will slowly change. 3.5 Expression of results Report the value of R to the nearest 0,1 %, as the residue, the sieve mesh size and details of the cement tested. The standard deviation of the repeatability is about 0
45、,2 % and of the reproducibility is about 0,3 %. NOTE Where there is local difficulty in obtaining ISO standard sieves, the same procedure can be followed with the nearest available standard sieve but the report should state on which standard sieve mesh the cement residue has been determined. 4 Air p
46、ermeability method (Blaine method) 4.1 Principle The fineness of cement is measured as specific surface by observing the time taken for a fixed quantity of air to flow through a compacted cement bed of specified dimensions and porosity. Under standardized conditions the specific surface of cement is
47、 proportional to t where t is the time for a given quantity of air to flow through the compacted cement bed. The number and size range of individual pores in the specified bed are determined by the cement particle size distribution, which also determines the time for the specified air flow. The meth
48、od is comparative rather than absolute and therefore a reference sample of known specific surface is required for calibration of the apparatus. 4.2 Apparatus 4.2.1 Permeability cell. The cell shall be a rigid right cylinder of the dimensions and tolerances shown in Figure 1 a). It shall be of austen
49、itic stainless steel or other abrasion-resisting, non-corrodible material. The top and bottom faces shall be flat and normal to the axis of the cylinder, as shall the upper surface of the ledge at the bottom of the cell. The outer surface of the cylinder shall be tapered to form an airtight fit with the conical socket of the manometer (ISO 383:1976, Joint 19/34). 4.2.2 Perforated disc. The disc shall be of n
