1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN1991-4:2006Eurocode 1 Actions on structures Part 4: Silos and tanksThe European Standard EN 1991-4:2006 has the status of a BritishStandardICS 91.010.30 BS EN 1991-4:2006Incorporating corrigendum November 2012corrigenda November 2012, March 2013 and July 2013BS EN 1991-4:2006iTh
2、e UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1,Actions (loadings) and basisofdesign, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on requ
3、est to its secretary.Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the nationallevel, the range and possiblechoicewillbe given in the normative text, anda notewill qualify it as a Nationally DeterminedParameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specificlevel o
4、r class, a particularmethodoraparticular application ruleifseveral are proposedin the EN.To enable EN 1991-4 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available byBSI in due course, after public consultation has taken place.Cross-referencesThe British S
5、tandards which implement international or European publicationsreferred to in this document may be found inthe BSI Catalogue under the sectionentitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This
6、 publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.aid enquirers to understand the text;present to the responsible interna
7、tional/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UKinterests informed;monitor related international and European developments and promulgate themin the UK.BS EN 1991-4:2006iThe UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/
8、525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1,Actions (loadings) and basisofdesign, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to
9、 be made at the nationallevel, the range and possiblechoicewillbe given in the normative text, anda notewill qualify it as a Nationally DeterminedParameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specificlevel or class, a particularmethodoraparticular application ruleifseveral are propos
10、edin the EN.To enable EN 1991-4 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available byBSI in due course, after public consultation has taken place.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publicationsreferred to in
11、 this document may be found inthe BSI Catalogue under the sectionentitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a co
12、ntract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.aid enquirers to understand the text;present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals f
13、or change, and keep UKinterests informed;monitor related international and European developments and promulgate themin the UK.BS EN 1991-4:2006ISBN 978 0 580 80740 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments28 February 2013 Implementation of CEN corrigendum November 2012This British
14、 Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2006 The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1991-4:2006, incorporating corrigendum Novem
15、ber 2012. It supersedes DD ENV 1991-4:1996 which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by CEN corrigendum November 2012 is indicated in the text by .Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be mad
16、e at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular application rule if several are
17、 proposed in the EN. To enable BS EN 1991-4:2006 to be used in the UK the latest version of the NA to this Standard containing these NDPs should also be used. At the time of publication, it is NA to BS EN 1991-4:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525,
18、 Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1, Actions (loadings) and basis of design.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1991-4May 2006ICS 91.010.30 Supersedes ENV 1991-4:1995 Englis
19、h VersionEurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 4: Silos and tanksEurocode 1 - Actions sur les structures - Partie 4: Silos etrservoirsEurocode 1 - Grundlagen der Tragwerksplanung undEinwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 4: Silos undFlssigkeitsbehlterThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 O
20、ctober 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obt
21、ained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secre
22、tariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portug
23、al, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means rese
24、rvedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1991-4:2006: EIncorporating corrigendum November 2012ISBN 978 0 580 83915 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments31 March 2013 Correction to final sentence of Paragraph (6), Subclause C.9.1.331 July 2013 Misprinted equations cor
25、rected throughoutStrategy Committee BS EN 1991-4:2006iThe UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1,Actions (loadings) and basisofdesign, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations
26、represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the nationallevel, the range and possiblechoicewillbe given in the normative text, anda notewill qualify it as a Nationally DeterminedParameter (NDP). NDPs
27、 can be a specific value for a factor, a specificlevel or class, a particularmethodoraparticular application ruleifseveral are proposedin the EN.To enable EN 1991-4 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available byBSI in due course, after public co
28、nsultation has taken place.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publicationsreferred to in this document may be found inthe BSI Catalogue under the sectionentitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI
29、Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.aid enquirers t
30、o understand the text;present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UKinterests informed;monitor related international and European developments and promulgate themin the UK.BS EN 1991-4:2006iThe UK participation in
31、 its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1,Actions (loadings) and basisofdesign, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.
32、Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the nationallevel, the range and possiblechoicewillbe given in the normative text, anda notewill qualify it as a Nationally DeterminedParameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specificlevel or class, a particular
33、methodoraparticular application ruleifseveral are proposedin the EN.To enable EN 1991-4 to be used in the UK, the NDPs will be published in a National Annex, which will be made available byBSI in due course, after public consultation has taken place.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implem
34、ent international or European publicationsreferred to in this document may be found inthe BSI Catalogue under the sectionentitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not
35、 purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.aid enquirers to understand the text;present to the responsible international/European commi
36、ttee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UKinterests informed;monitor related international and European developments and promulgate themin the UK.BS EN 1991-4:2006ISBN 978 0 580 80740 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments28 February 2013 Imp
37、lementation of CEN corrigendum November 2012This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2006 The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implement
38、ation of EN 1991-4:2006, incorporating corrigendum November 2012. It supersedes DD ENV 1991-4:1996 which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags. Text altered by CEN corrigendum November 2012 is indicated in the text by .Where a
39、 normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particula
40、r method or a particular application rule if several are proposed in the EN. To enable BS EN 1991-4:2006 to be used in the UK the latest version of the NA to this Standard containing these NDPs should also be used. At the time of publication, it is NA to BS EN 1991-4:2006.The UK participation in its
41、 preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/1, Actions (loadings) and basis of design.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1991-
42、4May 2006ICS 91.010.30 Supersedes ENV 1991-4:1995 English VersionEurocode 1 - Actions on structures - Part 4: Silos and tanksEurocode 1 - Actions sur les structures - Partie 4: Silos etrservoirsEurocode 1 - Grundlagen der Tragwerksplanung undEinwirkungen auf Tragwerke - Teil 4: Silos undFlssigkeitsb
43、ehlterThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 October 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
44、 references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member
45、 into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania
46、, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All
47、rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1991-4:2006: EIncorporating corrigendum November 2012EN1991-4:2006(E)2CONTENTS PageFOREW ORD 5BACKGROUNDOFTHEEUROCODEPROGRAMME.5STATUSANDFIELDOFAPPLICATIONOFEUROCODES6NATIONALSTANDARDSIMPLEMENT
48、INGEUROCODES.6LINKSBETW EENEUROCODESANDHARMONIZEDTECHNICALSPECIFICATIONS(ENSANDETAS)FORPRODUCTS.7ADDITIONALINFORMATIONSPECIFICTOEN1991-47NATIONALANNEXFOREN1991-4.7SECTION1GENERAL 81.1 SCOPE.81.1.1ScopeofEN1991-Eurocode1.81.1.2ScopeofEN1991-4actionsonstructures:silosandtanks.81.2 NORMATIVEREFERENCES.
49、101.3 ASSUMPTIONS.111.4 DISTINCTIONBETWE ENPRINCIPLESANDAPPLICATIONRULES.111.5 DEFINITIONS.111.6 SYMBOLSUSEDINPART4OFEUROCODE1151.6.1Romanuppercaseletters151.6.2Romanlowercaseletters161.6.3Greekuppercaseletters191.6.4Greeklowercaseletters201.6.5Subscripts21SECTION2REPRESENTATIONANDCLASSIFICATIONOFACTIONS 222.1 REPRESENTATIONOFACTIONSONSILOS222.2 REPRESENTATIONOFACTIONSONTANKS232.3 CLASSIFICATIONOFACTIONSONSI
