1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 1993-1-11:2006Eurocode 3 Design of steel structures Part 1-11: Design of structures with tension componentsICS 91.010.30; 91.080.10; 93.040g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g4
2、4g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Incorporating corrigendumApril 2009BS EN 1993-1-11:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2006 BSI 2010Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Co
3、mments 28 February 2010 Implementation of CEN corrigendum April 2009ISBN 978 0 580 66402 1National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1993-1-11:2006, incorporating corrigendum April 2009.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the
4、text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN corrigendum. For example, text altered by April 2009 corrigendum is indicated by .The structural Eurocodes are divided into packages by grouping Eurocodes for each of the main materials: concrete, steel, composite concrete
5、 and steel, timber, masonry and aluminium; this is to enable a common date of withdrawal (DOW) for all the relevant parts that are needed for a particular design. The conflicting national standards will be withdrawn at the end of the co-existence period, after all the EN Eurocodes of a package are a
6、vailable.Following publication of the EN, there is a period allowed for national calibration during which the National Annex is issued, followed by a co-existence period of a maximum three years. During the co-existence period Member States are encouraged to adapt their national provisions. At the e
7、nd of this co-existence period, the conflicting parts of national standard(s) will be withdrawn.In the UK there are no conflicting national standards.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/525, Building and civil engineering structures, to Subcommittee B/525/3
8、1, Structural use of steel.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Where a normative part of this EN allows for a choice to be made at the national level, the range and possible choice will be given in the normative text as Recommended Val
9、ues, and a note will qualify it as a Nationally Determined Parameter (NDP). NDPs can be a specific value for a factor, a specific level or class, a particular method or a particular application rule if several are proposed in the EN.To enable EN 1993-1-11 to be used in the UK, the NDPs have been pub
10、lished in a National Annex, which has been issued separately by BSI.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.EUROPEAN ST
11、ANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1993-1-11October 2006ICS 91.010.30; 91.080.10; 93.040Supersedes ENV 1993-2:1997 English VersionEurocode 3 - Design of steel structures - Part 1-11: Design ofstructures with tension componentsEurocode 3 - Calcul des structures en acier - Partie 1-11:Calcul des s
12、tructures cbles ou lments tendusEurocode 3 - Bemessung und Konstruktion vonStahlbauten - Teil 1-11: Bemessung und Konstruktion vonTragwerken mit Zuggliedern aus StahlThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 January 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulation
13、s which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European S
14、tandard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national stan
15、dards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPE
16、AN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONC O M I T E U R O P E N D E N O R M A LI S A T I O NEUR OP IS C HES KOM ITEE FR NOR M UNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1993
17、-1-11:2006: EIncorporating corrigendum April 2009EN 1993-1-11: 2006 (E) 2 Contents Page 1 General . 4 1.1 Scope . 4 1.2 Normative references. 5 1.3 Terms and definitions 6 1.4 Symbols . 7 2 Basis of design 8 2.1 General 8 2.2 Requirements. 8 2.3 Actions. 9 2.4 Design situations and partial factors 1
18、1 3 Material 11 3.1 Strength of steels and wires. 11 3.2 Modulus of elasticity . 11 3.3 Coefficient of thermal expansion 13 3.4 Cutting to length of Group B tension components 14 3.5 Lengths and fabrication tolerances 14 3.6 Friction coefficients. 14 4 Durability of wires, ropes and strands. 14 4.1
19、General 14 4.2 Corrosion protection of individual wires. 15 4.3 Corrosion protection of the interior of Group B tension components . 15 4.4 Corrosion protection of the exterior of Group B tension components 15 4.5 Corrosion protection of Group C tension components 16 4.6 Corrosion protection at conn
20、ections 16 5 Structural analysis. 16 5.1 General 16 5.2 Transient construction phase . 16 5.3 Persistent design situation during service 17 5.4 Non-linear effects from deformations . 17 6 Ultimate limit states. 18 6.1 Tension rod systems 18 6.2 Prestressing bars and Group B and C components 18 6.3 S
21、addles. 19 6.4 Clamps. 22 7 Serviceability limit states 23 7.1 Serviceability criteria. 23 7.2 Stress limits . 23 8 Vibrations of cables . 24 8.1 General 24 8.2 Measures to limit vibrations of cables. 25 8.3 Estimation of risks. 25 9 Fatigue 25 9.1 General 25 9.2 Fluctuating axial loads. 26 Annex A
22、(informative) Product requirements for tension components 27 Annex B (informative) Transport, storage, handling .30 BS EN 1993-1-11: 2006EN 1993-1-11: 2006 (E) 3 Annex C (informative) Glossary 31 Foreword This European Standard EN 1993-1-11, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures: Part 1-11 Design o
23、f structures with tension components, has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC250 Structural Eurocodes , the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. CEN/TC250 is responsible for all Structural Eurocodes. This European Standard shall be given the status of a National Standard, either by publicati
24、on of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2007 and conflicting National Standards shall be withdrawn at latest by March 2010. This Eurocode partially supersedes ENV 1993-2, Annex A. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the National Standard Organizations of the
25、following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
26、 Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. National annex for EN 1993-1-11 This standard gives alternative procedures, values and recommendations with notes indicating where national choices may have to be made. The National Standard implementing EN 1993-1-11 should have a National Annex contai
27、ning all Nationally Determined Parameters to be used for the design of tension components to be constructed in the relevant country. National choice is allowed in EN 1993-1-11 through: 2.3.6(1) 2.3.6(2) 2.4.1(1) 3.1(1) 4.4(2) 4.5(4) 5.2(3) 5.3(2) 6.2(2) 6.3.2(1) 6.3.4(1) 6.4.1(1)P 7.2(2) A.4.5.1(1)
28、A.4.5.2(1) B(6) g60 g61BS EN 1993-1-11: 2006EN 1993-1-11: 2006 (E) 4 1 General 1.1 Scope (1) prEN1993-1-11 gives design rules for structures with tension components made of steel, which, due to their connections with the structure, are adjustable and replaceable see Table 1.1. NOTE: Due to the requi
29、rement of adjustability and replaceability such tension components are generally prefabricated products delivered to site and installed into the structure. Tension components that are not adjustable or replaceable, e.g. air spun cables of suspension bridges, or for externally post-tensioned bridges,
30、 are outside the scope of this part. However, rules of this standard may be applicable. (2) This standard also gives rules for determining the technical requirements for prefabricated tension components for assessing their safety, serviceability and durability. Table 1.1: Groups of tension component
31、s Group Main tension element Component A rod (bar) tension rod (bar) system, prestressing bar circular wire spiral strand rope circular and Z-wires fully locked coil rope B circular wire and stranded wire strand rope circular wire parallel wire strand (PWS) circular wire bundle of parallel wires C s
32、even wire (prestressing) strand bundle of parallel strands NOTE 1: Group A products in general have a single solid round cross section connected to end terminations by threads. They are mainly used as bracings for roofs, walls, girders stays for roof elements, pylons tensioning systems for steel-woo
33、den truss and steel structures, space frames NOTE 2: Group B products are composed of wires which are anchored in sockets or other end terminations and are fabricated primarily in the diameter range of 5 mm to 160 mm, see EN 12385-2. Spiral strand ropes are mainly used as stay cables for aerials, sm
34、oke stacks, masts and bridges carrying cables and edge cables for light weight structures hangers or suspenders for suspension bridges stabilizing cables for cable nets and wood and steel trusses hand-rail cables for banisters, balconies, bridge rails and guardrails Fully locked coil ropes are fabri
35、cated in the diameter range of 20 mm to 180 mm and are mainly used as stay cables, suspension cables and hangers for bridge construction suspension cables and stabilizing cables in cable trusses edge cables for cable nets stay cables for pylons, masts, aerials BS EN 1993-1-11: 2006EN 1993-1-11: 2006
36、 (E) 5 Structural strand ropes are mainly used as stay cables for masts, aerials hangers for suspension bridges damper / spacer tie cables between stay cables edge cables for fabric membranes rail cables for banister, balcony, bridge and guide rails. NOTE 3: Group C products need individual or colle
37、ctive anchoring and appropriate protection. Bundles of parallel wires are mainly used as stay cables, main cables for suspension bridges and external tendons. Bundles of parallel strands are mainly used as stay cables for composite and steel bridges. (4) The types of termination dealt with in this p
38、art for Group B and C products are metal and resin sockets, see EN 13411-4 sockets with cement grout ferrules and ferrule securing, see EN 13411-3 swaged sockets and swaged fitting U-bolt wire rope grips, see EN 13411-5 anchoring for bundles with wedges, cold formed button heads for wires and nuts f
39、or bars. NOTE: For terminology see Annex C. 1.2 Normative references (1) This European Standard incorporates dated and undated reference to other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references,
40、subsequent amendments or revisions to any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 10138 Prestressing steels Part 1 General requirements Part 2 Wir
41、es Part 3 Strands Part 4 Bars EN 10244 Steel wire and wire products Non-ferrous metallic coatings on steel wire Part 1 General requirements Part 2 Zinc and zinc alloy coatings Part 3 Aluminium coatings EN 10264 Steel wire and wire products Steel wire for ropes Part 1 General requirements Part 2 Cold
42、 drawn non-alloyed steel wire for ropes for general applications Part 3 Cold drawn and cold profiled non alloyed steel wire for high tensile applications Part 4 Stainless steel wires EN 12385 Steel wire ropes safety Part 1 General requirements Part 2 Definitions, designation and classification BS EN
43、 1993-1-11: 2006EN 1993-1-11: 2006 (E) 6 Part 3 Information for use and maintenance Part 4 Stranded ropes for general lifting applications Part 10 Spiral ropes for general structural applications EN 13411 Terminations for steel wire ropes safety Part 3 Ferrules and ferrule-securing Part 4 Metal and
44、resin socketing Part 5 U-bolt wire rope grips 1.3 Terms and definitions (1) For the purpose of this European Standard the following terms and definitions apply. 1.3.1 strand an element of rope normally consisting of an assembly of wires of appropriate shape and dimensions laid helically in the same
45、or opposite direction in one or more layers around a centre 1.3.2 strand rope an assembly of several strands laid helically in one or more layers around a core (single layer rope) or centre (rotation-resistant or parallel-closed rope) 1.3.3 spiral rope an assembly of a minimum of two layers of wires
46、 laid helically over a central wire 1.3.4 spiral strand rope spiral rope comprising only round wires 1.3.5 fully locked coil rope spiral rope having an outer layer of fully locked Z-shaped wires 1.3.6 fill factor f the ratio of the sum of the nominal metallic cross-sectional areas of all the wires i
47、n a rope (A) and the circumscribed area (Au) of the rope based on its nominal diameter (d) 1.3.7 spinning loss factor k reduction factor for rope construction included in the breaking force factor K 1.3.8 breaking force factor (K) an empirical factor used in the determination of minimum breaking for
48、ce of a rope and obtained as follows: 4kfKpi= where f is the fill factor for the rope k is the spinning loss factor NOTE: K-factors for the more common rope classes and constructions are given in the appropriate part of EN 12385. BS EN 1993-1-11: 2006EN 1993-1-11: 2006 (E) 7 1.3.9 minimum breaking f
49、orce (Fmin) minimum breaking force which should be obtained as follows: 10002minKRdFr= kN where d is the diameter of the rope in mm K is the breaking force factor Rris the rope grade in N/mm 1.3.10 rope grade (Rr) a level of requirement of breaking force which is designated by a number (e.g. 1770 N/mm, 1960 N/mm) NOTE: Rope grades do not necessarily correspond to the tensile strength grades of the wires in th
