1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 349:1993 +A1:2008Safety of machinery Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human bodyICS 13.110g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60
2、g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 May 1993 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 60963 3National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 349:1993+A1:2008. It supersedes BS E
3、N 349:1993, which is withdrawn. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“.The UK participation in its pr
4、eparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its cor
5、rect application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments31 October 2008 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2008EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 349:1993+A1 June 2008 ICS 13.110 Su
6、persedes EN 349:1993 English Version Safety of machinery - Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body Scurit des machines - Ecartements minimaux pour prvenir les risques dcrasement de parties du corps humain Sicherheit von Maschinen - Mindestabstnde zur Vermeidung des Quetschens von K
7、rperteilen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 April 1993 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 18 May 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
8、without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other lang
9、uage made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finla
10、nd, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KO
11、MITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 349:1993+A1:2008: EEN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative
12、 references 4 3 Definitions 5 4 Minimum gaps5 4.1 Methodology for the use of this European Standard.5 4.2 Values .6 Annex A (informative) Illustration of crushing zones8 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC“.9 Ann
13、ex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“.10 BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 349:1993+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery”, the s
14、ecretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2008. This docume
15、nt includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-05-18. This document supersedes EN 349:1993. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
16、 Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). !For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the follo
17、wing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slov
18、enia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction According to EN 292-1, in general, machinery is said to be safe if it can perform its function, be transported, installed, adjusted, maintained, dismantled and disposed of under the cond
19、itions of its intended use without causing injury or damaging health. One method of avoiding the hazard of crushing of parts of the human body is to make use of the minimum gaps in this standard. In specifying minimum gaps a number of aspects have to be taken into consideration, such as accessibilit
20、y of the crushing zones; anthropometric data, taking into account ethnic groups likely to be found in European countries; technical and practical aspects. If these aspects are further developed, the current state of the art, reflected in this European Standard, could be improved. 1 Scope The object
21、of this European Standard is to enable the user (e.g. standard makers, designers of machinery) to avoid hazards from crushing zones. It specifies minimum gaps relative to parts of the human body and is applicable when adequate safety can be achieved by this method. This European Standard is applicab
22、le to risks from crushing hazards only and is not applicable to other possible hazards, e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in. NOTE For e.g. impact, shearing, drawing-in hazards, additional or other measures need to be taken 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated
23、reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when inco
24、rporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2, Safety of machinery, basic concepts, general
25、principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications EN 294, Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 5 3 Definitions For the purpose of this standard the following definition applies
26、in addition to the definitions given in EN 292-1 and EN 294: 3.1 crushing zone Zone in which the human body or parts of the human body are exposed to a crushing hazard. This hazard will be generated if two movable parts are moving towards one another; one movable part is moving towards a fixed part.
27、 (see also Annex A) 4 Minimum gaps 4.1 Methodology for the use of this European Standard The method of using this European Standard shall form part of the iterative safety strategy outlined in clause 5 “Strategy for selecting safety measures“ of EN 292-1. The user of this European Standard shall: a)
28、 Identify the crushing hazards; b) Assess the risks from these hazards in accordance with EN 292-1 paying particular attention to the following; Where it is foreseeable that the risk from a crushing hazard involves different parts of the body, the minimum gap in table 1 relating to the largest of th
29、ese parts shall be applied (see also d); The unpredictable behaviour of children and their body dimensions if children are included in the population at risk; Whether parts of the body could enter the crushing zone in a configuration other than those indicated in Table 1; Whether thick or bulky clot
30、hing (e.g. protective clothing for extreme temperatures) or tools have to be taken into account; Whether machinery will be used by persons wearing thick soled footwear (e.g. clogs) which will increase the effective dimension of the foot. c) Select from Table 1 the appropriate minimum gap relating to
31、 the body part at risk (see also Annex A). d) If adequate safety cannot be achieved by the minimum gaps selected from table 1, other or additional measures and/or means shall be used (see e.g. EN 292-1, EN 292-2 and EN 294). If the minimum gap for the largest expected body part cannot be achieved, t
32、he following example gives one particular means of restricting access to smaller body parts. EXAMPLE Access of larger body parts to the crushing zone can be prevented by the use of protective structures having a restricted opening, as indicated in Figure 1. BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008
33、(E) 6 The possibility of access to a crushing zone for a particular part of the body is dependent on the following: The gap a between the fixed and moving part or between two moving parts; The depth b of the crushing zone; The dimensions c of the opening in the protective structure and its distance
34、d from the crushing zone. NOTE The dimensions for openings in relation to safety distances can be found in EN 294. Key 1 protective structure Figure 1 e) For certain applications there may be justifiable reasons to deviate from the minimum gaps in Table 1. Standards dealing with these applications s
35、hall indicate how adequate safety can be reached. 4.2 Values Table 1 gives values for minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body. For the selection of the appropriate minimum gap see 4.1. BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 7 Table 1 Dimensions in mm Part of body Minimum gap
36、 a Illustration Body 500 Head (least favourable position) 300 Leg 180 Foot 120 Toes 50 Arm 120 Hand Wrist Fist 100 Finger 25 BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 8 Annex A (informative) Illustration of crushing zones The indicated crushing zones and the parts of the human body considered ar
37、e examples only. For the application of risk assessment see 4.1. Legend: aaa1 2 3Figure A.1 BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 9 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC This European Standard has been prep
38、ared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 98/37/EC, amended by 98/79/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European C
39、ommunities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential Requirements of
40、that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.“ BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008EN 349:1993+A1:2008 (E) 10 Annex ZB (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and
41、the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive Machinery 2006/42/EC
42、. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the normative clauses of this standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a pres
43、umption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations. WARNING Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.“ BS EN 349:1993+A1:2008blankBS EN 349:1993 +A1:2008BSI G
44、roup Headquarters389 Chiswick High Road,London W4 4AL, UKTel +44 (0)20 8996 9001Fax +44 (0)20 8996 Standards Institution (BSI)BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorp
45、orated by Royal Charter.RevisionsBritish Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone f
46、inding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside front cover. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9000 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7400BSI offers members an individual updating service call
47、ed PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards.Buying standardsOrders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001 Email: You may also buy direc
48、tly using a debit/credit card from the BSI Shop on the Website http:/ response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise requested.Information on standardsBSI provides a wide range
49、 of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical Help to Exporters Service. Various BSI electronic information services are also available which give details on all its products and services. Contact the Information Centre. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7111 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7048 Email: Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts o
