1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 4050-2:2012Aerospace series T e s t m e t h o d f o r m e t a l l i c materials Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgingsPart 2: Performance of test
2、BS EN 4050-2:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 4050-2:2012. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/61, Metallic materials for aerospace purposes. A list of organizations represented on this committee ca
3、n be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 75194 3 ICS 49.025.05;
4、49.025.15 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 4050-2:2012EUROPEA
5、N STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 4050-2 September 2012 ICS 49.025.05; 49.025.15 English Version Aerospace series - Test method for metallic materials - Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgings -Part 2: Performance of test Srie arospatiale - Mthode dessai applica
6、ble aux matriaux mtalliques - Linspection par ultrasons des barres, des assiettes, des stocks de forgeage et de pices forges - Partie 2: Ralisation de lessai Luft- und Raumfahrt - Prfverfahren fr metallische Werkstoffe - Ultraschallprfung von Stangen, Platten, Schmiedevormaterial und Schmiedestcken
7、- Teil 2: Durchfhrung der Prfung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 July 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date
8、 lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation u
9、nder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Forme
10、r Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT E
11、UROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 4050-2:2012: EBS EN 4050-2:2012 EN 4050-2:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page For
12、eword . 31Scope . 42Normative references . 43General . 43.1 Implementation . 43.2 Test procedures . .43.3 Calibration of the flaw detector time base . 43.4 Scanning speed and pitch . 43.5 Scanning index . 43.6 Wave modes . .43.7 Sensitivity corrections . 53.8 Flaw size and position recording . .54 P
13、erformance characteristics of the inspection system .54.1 Requirements . .54.2 Ultrasonic test set . 55 Measurement of material characteristics . 65.1 Attenuation . .65.2 Structure noise (grass) . .66 Flaw recognition level . .67 Setting-up procedure . 67.1 Choice of probe . 67.2 Choice of inspectio
14、n frequency . .67.3 Choice of water gap (immersion technique) . .77.4 Type of coupling (contact technique) . 77.5 Basic reference sensitivity . .78 Monitored systems . 98.1 General . 98.2 Description . .98.3 Monitored area and threshold level . .98.4 Dynamic response . .99 Equipment requirements . 9
15、9.1 Immersion technique facilities . .99.2 Contact technique facilities . 99.3 Probe/flaw detector combination . 1010 Periodic control checks . . 10BS EN 4050-2:2012EN 4050-2:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 4050-2:2012) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of E
16、urope - Standardization (ASD-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN. This European S
17、tandard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of t
18、his document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European St
19、andard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
20、Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 4050-2:2012EN 4050-2:2012 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the method of performing ultrasonic testing. The general requirements are given in EN 4050-1. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part,
21、 are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 4050-1, Aerospace series Test method for metallic
22、 materials Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgings Part 1: General requirements EN 4050-4, Aerospace series Test method for metallic materials Ultrasonic inspection of bars, plates, forging stock and forgings Part 4: Acceptance criteria 3 General 3.1 Implementation Implemen
23、tation shall be as required by the relevant technique, inspection schedule or order. 3.2 Test procedures The equipment to be used, its performance, the scanning plan and the acceptance standard shall be as defined in the relevant test procedure, inspection schedule or order for each item. 3.3 Calibr
24、ation of the flaw detector time base The time base shall be calibrated and care shall be taken to ensure that interface and target echoes can be readily identified. 3.4 Scanning speed and pitch To ensure efficient inspection of the entire volume of the material, the scanning speed and pitch shall be
25、 established taking into account the test beam diameter, the acceptance standard and the pulse repetition frequency. Account shall also be taken of whether a manual or automatic system of flaw detection is used. 3.5 Scanning index The scanning index shall be such that the reference reflector always
26、produces at least two indications on two successive pulses. The two signals shall not be more than 6 dB lower than the maximum indication of the reference reflector measured in the static conditions. 3.6 Wave modes There are different ultrasonic wave modes, namely: longitudinal; shear; BS EN 4050-2:
27、2012EN 4050-2:2012 (E) 5 surface; lamb waves. The wave mode shall be as specified in the relevant technique or inspection schedule. 3.7 Sensitivity corrections Corrections for distance/amplitude effects, attenuation, shape effects and specified acceptance standard shall be made to attain the desired
28、 level of sensitivity in the part being examined. 3.8 Flaw size and position recording The inspection system shall generate and contain sufficient information to enable flaw size and position to be derived with respect to the scanning sequence and reference data from the equipment. 4 Performance cha
29、racteristics of the inspection system 4.1 Requirements In order to meet the specific requirements for each test item of the procedural document for each part number and for optimum and reproducible inspection, it is essential that the characteristics and performance data of all the equipment are mea
30、sured and recorded. This is defined in the three following sections: the probe and flaw detector that are used in establishing the working sensitivity and for evaluating flaws; periodic control checks carried out on the facility; specific operating and control instructions unique to each facility; t
31、his latter point is particularly directed to automatic and semi-automatic facilities. Table 1 lists the requirements for identification and performance measurement of the equipment which is to be used in establishing the working sensitivity, inspecting and evaluating flaws. As there may be differenc
32、es between equipment performances, when used on manual or automatic modes, the corresponding calibration shall be carried out. The methods of deriving these basic data are detailed in the following paragraphs. 4.2 Ultrasonic test set The ultrasonic test set used shall operate in the pulse-echo mode
33、and, if required, shall also be capable of operating in the through-transmission mode. Gain calibrated in steps of 1 dB max. shall be used (steps of 2 dB may be agreed). When required a means of reducing the back-wall echo shall be provided, but the possibility of flaw detection shall remain unimpai
34、red. Equipment featuring distance amplitude correction shall be used. Equipment shall be calibrated. BS EN 4050-2:2012EN 4050-2:2012 (E) 6 5 Measurement of material characteristics 5.1 Attenuation The attenuation in the part under test shall be measured for application to working sensitivity and fla
35、w evaluation. The attenuation factor shall preferably be measured by comparison with a reference test block, the acoustic impedance and geometry of which are similar to that of the product to be inspected and the attenuation of which has been previously evaluated using the same probe/flaw detector c
36、ombination. This measurement shall be made using the same operating conditions and probe/flaw detector combination, limited to sections with parallel faces, diametrically opposing faces, and for grain flow correction. Sections of material with non parallel faces can be assessed for material attenuat
37、ion based on figures obtained from a nearby parallel sided section. 5.2 Structure noise (grass) Structure noise (grass) limits the ability to detect flaws. Grass may therefore need to be measured in order to determine to what level a part can be inspected. The flaws to be detected shall rise 6 dB or
38、 more above the structure noise. The measurement of structure noise shall be carried out at the same equipment settings and by that method used for inspection. 6 Flaw recognition level The flaw echo amplitude as seen on the flaw detector screen during inspection may have been diminished by the effec
39、ts of attenuation, depth, flaw tilt, scanning pitch and pulse repetition frequency. To ensure that rejectable flaws are not ignored because of their diminished response, it is necessary to establish a monitor threshold level above which all indications shall be evaluated. This shall be carried out i
40、n accordance with the relevant technique, or inspection schedule. When using the manual contact technique an additional gain of + 6 dB may be added to correct this diminution. 7 Setting-up procedure 7.1 Choice of probe The choice of probe for inspection will depend upon a number of factors governed
41、largely by the component to be inspected and the acceptance standard to be applied. 7.2 Choice of inspection frequency The inspection frequency chosen shall be such as to ensure that a signal-to-noise ratio of 6 dB or greater shall be attained in accordance with the flaw detection capability. BS EN
42、4050-2:2012EN 4050-2:2012 (E) 7 7.3 Choice of water gap (immersion technique) Inspection water gap shall be defined and maintained according to the relevant technique test procedure taking into account the need to optimise either near surface resolution or sensitivity, or to obtain the best compromi
43、se of the two. Where of significant magnitude, water attenuation effects shall be taken into account, as agreed between manufacturer and purchaser. The distance (L) between transducer and part is related to the thickness (t) of the given part, velocity of sound in water (vw) and velocity of sound in
44、 the material of the part (vpart) and is given in L/t vw/vpart.7.4 Type of coupling (contact technique) The coupling conditions for the material under test and the standard test block shall be the same. For inspection by the contact method clean tap water, oil, glycerine or cellulose gum may be used
45、 as the couplant. The acoustic impedance, viscosity and surface wetting of the couplant shall maintain good ultrasonic energy transmission into the test material and low attenuation of the sound beam. When used, the type and thickness of the protecting membranes of the probes shall allow adequate se
46、nsitivity. 7.5 Basic reference sensitivity 7.5.1 General The basic reference sensitivity is used to establish the working sensitivity by the addition of the material standard, of those characteristics attributable to the part, that is: transmissivity at interface and attenuation. This specification
47、contains two methods of establishing the basic reference sensitivity, working sensitivity and the evaluation of flaws. These represent the methods currently in use. It shall be recognised that these methods are not necessarily mutually interchangeable or comparable. 7.5.2 Distance gain size (DGS) me
48、thod The method as described applies to plane unfocused and narrow frequency band probes only. 7.5.2.1 Reference sensitivity The DGS method is implemented using the general diagram (Figure 1). Sensitivity is determined from the back echo. In the event where it is not possible to obtain a back echo o
49、n the part, the use of a block to obtain a back echo is permitted, if the material of the block has similar characteristics to those of the product to be inspected. 7.5.2.2 Working sensitivity The working sensitivity is achieved by adding the loss due to material attenuation to the reference sensitivity. Where the acceptance standard differs from the 1,2 mm flat bottom hole standard, a corresponding adjustment in gain is required. 7.5.2.3 Flaw evaluation Flaw
