1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 438-2:2005 High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (Usually called Laminates) Part 2: Determination of properties The European Standard EN 438-2:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 83.140.20 BS EN 438-2:2005 This British Standard
2、 was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 July 2005 BSI 26 July 2005 ISBN 0 580 45452 5 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 438-2:2005. BS EN 438-2:2005 together with BS EN 438 Parts 1 and 3 to 7 superse
3、des BS EN 438-1:1991 and BS EN 438-2:1991 which are withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/76, Laminated sheet for decorative purposes, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on reque
4、st to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI El
5、ectronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers t
6、o understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document c
7、omprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 70, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME
8、EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 438-2 January 2005 ICS 83.140.20 Supersedes EN 438-2:1991 English version High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (usually called Laminates) - Part 2: Determination of properties Stratifis dcoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques b
9、ase de rsines thermodurcissables (communment appeles stratifis) - Partie 2 : Dtermination des caractristiques Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL) - Platten auf Basis hrtbarer Harze (Schichtpressstoffe) - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Eigenschaften This European Standard was approved by CEN
10、on 10 December 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards
11、 may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
12、Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway
13、, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by an
14、y means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 438-2:2005: EEN 438-2:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Assessment of appearance 5 5 Determination of thickness.6 6 Determination of length and width 6 7 Determination of
15、 edge straightness 7 8 Determination of edge squareness8 9 Determination of flatness10 10 Resistance to surface wear 11 11 Resistance to abrasion (flooring grade laminates)13 12 Resistance to immersion in boiling water.16 13 Substrate protection against water vapour 18 14 Resistance to water vapour1
16、9 15 Resistance to wet conditions (Exterior grade laminates) .21 16 Resistance to dry heat 23 17 Dimensional stability at elevated temperature .25 18 Dimensional stability at ambient temperature26 19 Resistance to climatic shock (exterior grade laminates) 27 20 Resistance to impact by small-diameter
17、 ball29 21 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball.33 22 Resistance to impact by large diameter ball (flooring grade laminates) .37 23 Resistance to cracking under stress (laminates 2 mm thick)39 24 Resistance to crazing (Compact laminates) .43 25 Resistance to scratching 44 26 Resistance to sta
18、ining.50 27 Lightfastness (xenon arc).53 28 Resistance to UV light (Exterior grade laminates) .55 29 Resistance to artificial weathering (Exterior grade laminates).56 30 Resistance to cigarette burns 59 31 Formability (Method A)60 32 Formability (Method B)63 33 Resistance to blistering (Method A) 67
19、 34 Resistance to blistering (Method B) 68 Bibliography70 EN 438-2:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 438-2:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN /TC 249, “Plastics“, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, eit
20、her by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2005. This document supersedes EN 438-1:1991 and EN 438-2:1991. This document is a revision of EN 438:1991 “High-pressure decorative lami
21、nates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (Usually called Laminates)” and consists of seven parts: Part 1: Introduction and general information Part 2: Determination of properties Part 3: Classification and specifications for laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting
22、 substrates Part 4: Classification and specifications for Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater Part 5: Classification and specifications for flooring grade laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates Part 6: Classification and specifications for Exterior-g
23、rade Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater Part 7: Compact laminate and HPL composite panels for internal and external wall and ceiling finishes According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this Eu
24、ropean Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 438-2:20
25、05 (E) 4 1 Scope This part of EN 438 specifies the methods of test for determination of the properties of high-pressure decorative laminates as defined in Clause 3. These methods are primarily intended for testing the sheets specified in EN 438-3, 4, 5 and 6. The precision of the test methods specif
26、ied in Clauses 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 12, 17, 18, 32 and 33 of this part of EN 438 is not known because inter-laboratory data are not available. When inter-laboratory data are obtained, precision statements will be added to the test methods at the following revision. As all the other test methods have an en
27、d point determination based on subjective judgement, it is not meaningful to make a statement of precision in these cases. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undat
28、ed references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 312, Particleboards Specifications EN 316, Wood fibreboards Definition, classification and symbols EN 20105-A02, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour
29、(ISO 105-A02:1993) EN ISO 62, Plastics Determination of water absorption (ISO 62:1999) EN ISO 105-B02, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part B02: Colour fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc fading lamp test (ISO 105-B02:1994, including amendment 1:1998) EN ISO 178, Plastics - Determination of f
30、lexural properties (ISO 178:2001) EN ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 291:1995) EN ISO 4892-1, Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 1: General guidance (ISO 4892-1:1999). EN ISO 4892-2:1999, Plastics - Methods of exposure to labora
31、tory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc sources (ISO 4892-2:1994). EN ISO 4892-3, Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 3: Fluorescent UV lamps (ISO 4892-3:1994). EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:1999) ISO 9352, Plas
32、tics Determination of resistance to wear by abrasive wheels ISO 9370, Plastics Instrumental determination of radiant exposure in weathering tests General guidance and basic test method EN 438-2:2005 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following term and definition ap
33、plies: 3.1 high-pressure decorative laminate(s) (HPL) sheet(s) consisting of layers of cellulosic fibrous material (normally paper) impregnated with thermosetting resins and bonded together by the high pressure process described below The high pressure process is defined as the simultaneous applicat
34、ion of heat (temperature 120 C) and high specific pressure ( 5 MPa), to provide flowing and subsequent curing of the thermosetting resins to obtain a homogeneous non-porous material with increased density ( 1,35 g/cm), and with the required surface finish. 4 Assessment of appearance 4.1 Principle La
35、minates shall be inspected for surface appearance under standardised conditions of lighting and viewing. 4.2 Apparatus 4.2.1 Horizontal inspection table, of height approximately 700 mm and large enough to accommodate the largest sheets to be inspected. 4.2.2 Overhead white fluorescent lights, of col
36、our temperature approximately 5000 K and giving an intensity of 800 to 1000 lux over the whole area of the largest sheets to be inspected. A convenient distance of the lights from the inspection table is approximately 1,5 m. 4.3 Test specimen The specimen shall be the laminate under test, as supplie
37、d by the manufacturer. 4.4 Procedure Place the laminate, decorative face uppermost, on the inspection table. Wipe it free of any loose contamination with a soft cloth, using a suitable cleaning agent if necessary. Inspect it from the distance required by the relevant part of EN 438 for defects such
38、as smudges, smears, fingerprints, scratches, foreign particles, damage or any other form of blemish evident within the decorative surface. The inspector shall use normal vision, corrected if necessary. 4.5 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this part
39、 of EN 438; b) name, type and nominal thickness of the product; c) size of the laminate under test; d) viewing distance; e) total area of spot-type defects in square millimetres; f) total length of hair-like defects in millimetres; g) any deviation from the specified test method; EN 438-2:2005 (E) 6
40、 h) date of the test. 5 Determination of thickness 5.1 Principle The thickness of a laminate is measured using a micrometer or a dial gauge indicator. 5.2 Apparatus Thickness gauge, (ratchet-type micrometer or dial gauge indicator), having two flat parallel measuring surfaces of diameter 6 mm and ca
41、pable of being read to 0,01 mm. When the thickness of a decorative laminate is being measured, the two surfaces shall exert a pressure of 10 to 100 kPa upon each other. 5.3 Test specimen The specimen shall be the laminate under test, as supplied by the manufacturer. 5.4 Procedure Check the gauge for
42、 accuracy and then determine the thickness of the laminate to the nearest 0,01 mm. The thickness shall be measured at the centre of each edge, at a distance of at least 20 mm from the edge of the sheet. 5.5 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this par
43、t of EN 438; b) name, type and nominal thickness of the product; c) all values measured; d) any deviation from the specified test method; e) date of the test. 6 Determination of length and width 6.1 Principle Measuring the length and width of the laminate using a metal tape or rule. 6.2 Apparatus St
44、eel tape or rule, of sufficient length to measure the greatest dimension of the laminate, and graduated to allow a reading accuracy of 1 mm. 6.3 Test specimen The specimen shall be the laminate under test, as supplied by the manufacturer. 6.4 Procedure Apply the steel tape or rule (see 6.2) to each
45、edge of the laminate in turn, on a line approximately 25 mm from and parallel to the edge. Measure the length on each edge to the nearest 1 mm. EN 438-2:2005 (E) 7 6.5 Expression of results The arithmetical means of the pairs of length and width measurements shall be calculated and expressed to the
46、nearest 1 mm as the length and width of the laminate. 6.6 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a) reference to this part of EN 438; b) name, type and nominal thickness of the product; c) length and width values; d) any deviation from the specified test method; e) date
47、 of the test. 7 Determination of edge straightness 7.1 Principle Applying a metal straightedge to the edge of the laminate and measuring the deviation of the sheet edge from the metal straightedge using a steel rule. 7.2 Apparatus 7.2.1 Metal straightedge, of 1000 mm length. 7.2.2 Steel rule, gradua
48、ted in 0,5 mm divisions. 7.3 Test specimen The specimen shall be the laminate under test, as supplied by the manufacturer. 7.4 Procedure Apply the metal straightedge (see 7.2.1) to each edge of the laminate in turn, and use the steel rule (see 7.2.2) to measure the maximum deviation of the edge of t
49、he laminate from the metal straightedge (x in Figure 1) to the nearest 0,5 mm. EN 438-2:2005 (E) 8 Key 1 Metal straightedge 2 Laminate Figure 1 Edge straightness measurement 7.5 Expression of results The maximum deviation from the metal straightedge shall be recorded for each of the four edges. Results shall be designated (+) if the edge is convex, and (-) if the edge is concave. 7.6 Test report The test report shall include the following information: a)
