1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 438-3:2005 High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) Sheets based on thermosetting resins (Usually called laminates) Part 3: Classification and specifications for laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates The European Standard EN 438-3:2005 ha
2、s the status of a British Standard ICS 83.140.20 BS EN 438-3:2005 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 July 2005 BSI 26 July 2005 ISBN 0 580 45454 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language versio
3、n of EN 438-3:2005. BS EN 438-3:2005 together with BS EN 438 Parts 1, 2 and 4 to 7 supersedes BS EN 438-1:1991 and BS EN 438-2:1991 which are withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/76, Laminated sheet for decorative purposes, which has the respons
4、ibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “Inte
5、rnational Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a B
6、ritish Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international
7、 and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 15 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issu
8、ed since publication Amd. No. Date Comments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 438-3 January 2005 ICS 83.140.20 Supersedes EN 438-1:1991, EN 438-2:1991 English version High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (Usually called Laminates) - Part
9、3: Classification and specifications for laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates Stratifis dcoratifs haute pression (HPL) - Plaques base de rsines thermodurcissables (communment appeles stratifis) - Partie 3 : Classification et spcifications des stratifis dpaisse
10、ur infrieure 2 mm destins tre colls sur des supports Dekorative Hochdruck-Schichtpressstoffplatten (HPL) - Platten auf Basis hrtbarer Harze (Schichtpressstoffe) - Teil 3: Klassifizierung und Spezifikationen fr Platten mit einer Dicke kleiner als 2 mm, vorgesehen zum Verkleben auf ein Trgermaterial T
11、his European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 August 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical refer
12、ences concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member in
13、to its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania
14、, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All righ
15、ts of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 438-3:2005: EEN 438-3:2005 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Term and Definition .4 4 Material types.4 5 Classification systems 5 6 Requirements.7 Annex A (inform
16、ative) Addendum to Table 5 relating to test method 25: Scratch Resistance.12 Annex B (informative) Addendum to Clause 6.4.3, relating to fire performance. .13 Annex C (informative) Addendum relating to electrostatic properties .14 Bibliography 15 EN 438-3:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 438-3:
17、2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2005, and conflicting national s
18、tandards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2005. This document supersedes EN 438-1:1991 and EN 438-2:1991. This Standard consists of seven parts: Part 1: Introduction and general information Part 2: Determination of properties Part 3: Classification and specifications for laminates less than
19、2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates Part 4: Classification and specifications for Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater Part 5: Classification and specifications for flooring grade laminates less than 2 mm thick intended for bonding to supporting substrates Part 6: Cla
20、ssification and specifications for Exterior-grade Compact laminates of thickness 2 mm and greater Part 7: Compact laminate and HPL composite panels for internal and external wall and ceiling finishes According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the follo
21、wing countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden
22、, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 438-3:2005 (E) 4 1 Scope This Part of EN 438 applies to laminates less than 2 mm thick normally intended for bonding to supporting substrates to produce HPL composite panels and establishes a classification system for high-pressure decorative laminates according
23、to their performance and main recommended fields of application, including materials with special characteristics, for example formability or defined reaction to fire. This Part of EN 438 also specifies requirements for the properties of the various types of laminates covered by this classification
24、system. High-pressure decorative laminates are characterised by their qualities, durability and functional performance. HPL sheets are available in a wide variety of colours, patterns and surface finishes; they are resistant to wear, scratching, impact, moisture, heat and staining; and possess good
25、hygienic and anti-static properties, being easy to clean and maintain. EN 438-2 specifies the methods of test relevant to this Part of EN 438. Parts 4, 5, etc. of EN 438 are reserved for special types of HPL materials. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for t
26、he application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 438-2, High-pressure decorative laminates (HPL) - Sheets based on thermosetting resins (Usually called L
27、aminates) Part 2: Determination of properties. EN 12721:1997, Furniture - Assessment of surface resistance to wet heat (ISO 4211-2:1993 modified) EN ISO 1183-1:2004, Plastics - methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics - Part 1: Immersion method, liquid pyknometer method and titra
28、tion method (ISO 1183-1:2004) 3 Term and Definition For the purposes of this document, the following term and definition applies: 3.1 High-pressure decorative laminate(s) (HPL) Sheet(s) consisting of layers of cellulosic fibrous material (normally paper) impregnated with thermosetting resins and bon
29、ded together by the high pressure process described below. The surface layer(s) on one side, having decorative colours or designs, are impregnated with melamine based resins. The core layers are impregnated with phenolic based resins. The back of the sheet(s) is made suitable for adhesive bonding to
30、 a substrate. The high pressure process is defined as the simultaneous application of heat (temperature 120 C) and high specific pressure ( 5 MPa), to provide flowing and subsequent curing of the thermosetting resins to obtain a homogeneous non-porous material with increased density (1,35 g/cm), and
31、 with the required surface finish. 4 Material types 4.1 Type S - Standard grade decorative laminates. 4.2 Type P - Postformable decorative laminates; similar to type S but can also be formed at elevated temperature. 4.3 Type F - Decorative laminates with improved fire retardance; similar to types S
32、or P but also meeting special requirements of specified fire tests which may vary according to the application (e.g. construction, marine, transport) and the country of use (see Clause 6.4.3 and Annex B). EN 438-3:2005 (E) 5 5 Classification systems 5.1 General Two different HPL classification syste
33、ms are commonly used in Europe, and both have been included in this document as alternatives. 5.2 Numerical classification system In this system the classification of a letter denoting material type (see Clause 4) followed by three index numbers showing the levels of performance for wear resistance,
34、 impact resistance and scratch resistance respectively. Table 1 shows the performance levels corresponding to the index numbers. Table 1 Numerical classification FIRST INDEX NUMBER - WEAR RESISTANCE a)2 3 4 50 150 350 INITIAL POINT(revs) WEAR VALUE (revs) 150 350 1000 SECOND INDEX NUMBER - IMPACT RE
35、SISTANCE a)2 3 4 SMALL DIAMETER BALL (N) 15 20 25 THIRD INDEX NUMBER - SCRATCH RESISTANCE a)2 3 4 SCRATCH RESISTANCE (Rating) 2 3 4 a)Index numbers 2, 3, and 4 are specified to maintain consistency with EN 438:1991. Index number 1 represents a lower quality level that does not apply to HPL covered b
36、y the scope of this part of the standard. 5.3 Alphabetical classification system This system uses three letters to classify laminates as shown in Table 2. Table 2 Alphabetical classification FIRST LETTER SECOND LETTER THIRD LETTER H (HORIZONTAL GRADE) G (GENERAL PURPOSE) S (STANDARD GRADE) or V (VER
37、TICAL GRADE) or D (HEAVY DUTY) or P (POSTFORMABLE GRADE) or F (FLAME-RETARDANT GRADE) EN 438-3:2005 (E) 6 Table 3 compares the alternative classification systems and shows how different HPL products relate to some typical applications. The list of typical applications shown for each category is for
38、guidance only and is not intended to be comprehensive. Table 3 Classification system and typical applications PERFORMANCE CATEGORY MATERIAL TYPE NUMERICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX NUMBERS EQUIVALENT ALPHABETICAL CLASSIFICATION EXAMPLES OF TYPICAL APPLICATIONS WEAR RESIST- ANCE IMPACT RESIST- ANCE SCRATC
39、H RESIST- ANCE VERY HIGH RESISTANCE TO SURFACE WEAR VERY HIGH RESISTANCE TO IMPACT VERY HIGH RESISTANCE TO SCRATCHING S, F or P 4 4 4 HDS (HORIZONTAL HEAVY-DUTY STANDARD), HDF (HORIZONTAL HEAVY-DUTY FLAME- RETARDANT), OR HDP (HORIZONTAL HEAVY- DUTY POSTFORMING) COUNTER TOPS, INSTITUTIONAL APPLICATIO
40、NS (PRISONS, MILITARY BARRACKS, ETC.) HIGH RESISTANCE TO SURFACE WEAR HIGH RESISTANCE TO IMPACT HIGH RESISTANCE TO SCRATCHING S, F or P 3 3 3 HGS (HORIZONTAL GENERAL-PURPOSE STANDARD), HGF (HORIZONTAL GENERAL-PURPOSE FLAME-RETARDANT), OR HGP (HORIZONTAL GENERAL-PURPOSE POSTFORMING) KITCHEN AND OFFIC
41、E WORKING SURFACES, RESTAURANT AND HOTEL TABLES, DOORS AND WALL COVERINGS IN PUBLIC AREAS, INTERIOR WALLS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT VEHICLES MEDIUM RESISTANCE TO SURFACE WEAR MEDIUM RESISTANCE TO IMPACT MEDIUM RESISTANCE TO SCRATCHING S, F or P 2 2 2 VGS (VERTICAL GENERAL-PURPOSE STANDARD), VGF (VERTICAL
42、GENERAL- PURPOSE FLAME-RETARDANT), OR VGP (VERTICAL GENERAL-PURPOSE POSTFORMING) FRONT PANELS FOR KITCHEN, OFFICE AND BATHROOM FURNITURE, WALL COVERINGS, CEILING PANELS, SHELVES , AND FURNITURE ELEMENTS NOTE 1 Combinations of wear, impact and scratch resistance index numbers other than those shown i
43、n Table 3 are possible and can be specified using the numerical classification system. In such cases properties other than wear resistance, impact resistance and scratch resistance shall meet the requirements specified for type VG in Table 5. NOTE 2 Some HPL products intended for vertical applicatio
44、ns, having special optical effects (e.g. pearlescent laminates) are also available. With the exception of wear resistance, these products may meet the requirements of type VG, but are outside the scope of this part of the standard. EN 438-3:2005 (E) 7 5.4 Nomenclature In addition to the abbreviation
45、 “HPL” and the number of this document, materials can be specified either by the numerical classification system, or by the alphabetical classification system. For example, horizontal general- purpose postformable laminate can be specified as HPL/EN 438-3/P333 or HPL/EN 438-3/HGP. 6 Requirements 6.1
46、 Compliance Laminates classified in Table 3 shall meet all appropriate requirements specified in Clauses 6.2, 6.3 and 6.4. This applies to both full-size sheets and cut-to-size panels. 6.2 Inspection requirements 6.2.1 General Inspection shall be carried out in accordance with EN 438-2, Test Method
47、4 at a distance of 1,5 m. 6.2.2 Colour and pattern When inspected in daylight or D 65standard illuminant and again under tungsten illuminant F, there shall be no significant difference between the corresponding colour reference sample held by the supplier and the specimen under test. NOTE Where colo
48、ur and surface finish are critical, it is recommended that sheets be checked for colour and surface-finish compatibility before fabrication or installation. 6.2.3 Surface finish When inspected at different viewing angles, there shall be no significant difference between the corresponding surface-fin
49、ish reference sample held by the supplier and the specimen under test. NOTE Where colour and surface finish are critical, it is recommended that sheets be checked for colour and surface-finish compatibility before fabrication or installation. 6.2.4 Reverse side The reverse side of sheets shall be suitable for adhesive bonding (e.g. sanded). In the case of sanded backs, slight chatter marks are permitted. 6.2.5 Visual inspection The fo
