1、BS EN4632-001:2008ICS 49.025.01NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDAerospace series Welded andbrazed assembliesfor aerospaceconstructions Weldability andbrazeability ofmaterialsPart 001: General requirementsThis British Standardwas published under th
2、eauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 31 July2009. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 60591 8Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 4632-001:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 4632-001:2008.The UK participation in its preparat
3、ion was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/61, Metallic materials for aerospace purposes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for
4、 its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 4632-001:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 4632-001April 2008ICS 49.025.01English VersionAerospace series - Welded and brazed assemblies foraerospace constructions - Wel
5、dability and brazeability ofmaterials - Part 001: General requirementsSrie arospatiale - Assemblages souds et brass pourconstructions arospatiales - Soudabilit et brasabilit desmatriaux - Partie 001 : GnralitsLuft- und Raumfahrt - Schwei- und Ltverbindungen frdie Luft- und Raumfahrt -Schweibarkeitsg
6、rad undLtbarkeitsgrad von Werkstoffen - Teil 001: AllgemeinesThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 March 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without
7、any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made
8、by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Ge
9、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGMa
10、nagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 4632-001:2008: EBS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 4 2 Normative referen
11、ces 4 3 Terms and definitions .4 4 Symbols, codes and abbreviations7 5 Responsibilities .10 6 How to use this standard 10 7 Method of determining the degree of weldability and brazeability 10 Annex A (normative) Recommendations for brazing and diffusion assemblies11 Annex B (normative) Model sheet .
12、16 Annex C (normative) Model sheet .17 BS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 4632-001:2008) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules
13、of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
14、 by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible
15、for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germ
16、any, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 4 Introduction This standard is the Part 001 of a series
17、 of standards about welded and brazed assemblies for aerospace constructions. 1 Scope This standard defines weldability and brazeability degrees for metallic materials used in aerospace construction, for processes and techniques involving welding and brazing but excluding soldering. It also defines
18、rules to be observed to determine the degree of weldability and brazeability. It is applicable without any restriction for the manufacturing of new parts and repair parts. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated refe
19、rences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 4063, Welding and allied processes Nomenclature of processes and reference numbers (ISO 4063:1998) EN 515, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Wrought p
20、roducts Temper designations EN 573-3, Aluminium and aluminium alloys Chemical composition and form of wrought products Part 3: Chemical composition and form of products EN 10052, Vocabulary of heat treatment terms for ferrous products 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the te
21、rms and definitions given in Publications on Welding and Welding Applications and issued by the International Council of the French Language and the following apply. 3.1 Weldability 3.1.1 concept of weldability it is considered that a metallic material is weldable to a given degree, by a given proce
22、ss and for a given application type, when it can be used to produce a weld provided that precautions corresponding to this degree are taken, and if the characteristics and consequences of the presence of the weld satisfy the required properties chosen as the basis for a judgement BS EN 4632-001:2008
23、EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 5 3.1.2 weldability degrees weldability of materials is evaluated according to the following four degrees: degree 1: material with very good weldability for which no special precautions are necessary. To be used in preference. degree 2: material with good weldability but which m
24、ay require special precautions when welding (for example preheating, low advance speed, etc.). degree 3: material with poor weldability requiring development for each part type and which may involve manufacturing uncertainties. Not to be recommended. degree 4: material with very bad weldability. To
25、be avoided. 3.2 Brazeability 3.2.1 concept of brazeability it is considered that a metallic material is brazeable to a given degree, by a given process and for a given application type, when it can be used to produce brazing or a brazed-diffused joint, provided that precautions corresponding to this
26、 degree are taken, and if the characteristics and consequences of the presence of the brazing satisfy the required properties chosen as the basis for a judgement 3.2.2 brazeability degrees brazeability of materials is evaluated according to the following four degrees: degree 1: material with very go
27、od brazeability for which no special precautions are necessary. To be used in preference. degree 2: material with good brazeability but which may require special precautions when brazing (for example electrolytic nickel flash before brazing, etc.). degree 3: material with poor brazeability requiring
28、 development for each part type and which may involve manufacturing uncertainties. Not to be recommended. degree 4: material with very bad brazeability. To be avoided. 3.3 Processes 3.3.1 welding and brazing the purpose of a welding operation is to make the material to be assembled continuous. In th
29、e case of a metallic material, continuity has to be achieved for the structure, but this does not necessarily imply homogeneity of the chemical composition (case of “heterogeneous“ welds or brazing). The result of the operation is called a weld when two previously distinct parts are assembled togeth
30、er. If the operation is restricted to the addition of extra material to a part, it is called filling. A weld may be made without any external filler material (case of resistance welding, etc.), or with filler material. For metallic materials, a filler metal with a grade similar to that of the base m
31、etal (homogeneous weld) or different to the base metal (heterogeneous weld) may be used. In the case of a filler metal, the weld may be made in a single pass (one single pass of the heat source and the filler metal) or in several passes. Two major process categories can be distinguished: 1) welding
32、or filling processes, with fusion of the edges of parts to be joined due to the thermal effect, 2) assembly, brazing or diffusion welding processes, for which the production temperature is less than the solidus temperature of parts to be joined; in this case, intermetallic diffusion phenomena are pr
33、eponderant: diffusion welding when the operation takes place in the solid phase; brazing, when a liquid phase is obtained using a filler metal or is created in situ by metallurgical reaction. BS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 6 3.4 Technical terms 3.4.1 light alloy aluminium or magnesium based
34、 alloy 3.4.2 structural state state of the crystalline metal structure resulting from an appropriate treatment 3.4.3 fabrication execution of welding operations on new parts or parts being repaired 3.4.4 base material/metal material or metal from which elementary parts are made 3.4.5 elementary part
35、 single element that will be assembled with other elements to form a part 3.4.6 part - product assembly composed of several assembled elementary parts 3.4.7 annealing at ambient temperature heat treatment, sometimes called maturation on light alloy 3.4.8 super alloy nickel or cobalt based alloy resi
36、stant to high temperatures 3.4.9 super-refractory metal or alloy based on W, Ta and Mo 3.4.10 heat treatment treatment that will confer the required structural state and properties on the base material (see Clause 4, Symbols, codes and abbreviations) 3.5 General terms 3.5.1 manufacturer person who m
37、akes or fabricates and assembles elements or sub-assemblies to make assemblies from them 3.5.2 supplier person or holder of a contract or an order that he has accepted, and who makes a commitment to the customer to execute the services defined in the contract or the order 3.5.3 operator person who c
38、arries out welding operations using a mechanized or automated process BS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 7 3.5.4 production set of parts delivered within a given time period 3.5.5 recuperation act that consists of making a new part that was considered to be outside acceptable criteria initially
39、 or during its normal manufacturing and inspection cycle, acceptable. Recuperation may include a very wide variety of operations such as acceptance in waiver, reworking of the part, etc. 3.5.6 repairer supplier in the repair activity domain 3.5.7 repair making a part that has been degraded during op
40、eration conform 3.5.8 series identical parts that are started in a same manufacturing campaign 3.5.9 competent services specialized service within a company with specific tasks, for example: design office, quality service, laboratory, methods office. 3.5.10 official monitoring services approved gove
41、rnment authorities or organizations responsible for checking the conformity of materials with the definition file 4 Symbols, codes and abbreviations 4.1 Process classification The classification given below shows the coding according to standard EN ISO 4063 and the abbreviations for each process. Th
42、e code is used in preference on drawings. See Tables 1 and 2. BS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 8 Table 1 Welding or filling processes with melting Code Abbreviation with simple melting gas (torch) 3 oxyacetylene 311 OA other gasses electric arc coated electrodes 111 SMA TIG 141 TIG MIG 131 MI
43、G MAG 135 MAG with plasma: high current 15 PAW micro plasma MPAW by electron beam 51 EBW under primary vacuum 511 EBWVP under secondary vacuum 511 EBWVS by laser beam 52 LW solid laser 521 SLW gas laser 522 GLWwith melting and pressure by electric resistance 2 spot welding 21 RSW roller welding 22 R
44、SEW spark welding 24 RFW with rotating arc 185 MAW BS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 9 Table 2 Assembly or filling processes with intermetallic diffusion Code Abbreviation welding in solid phase by friction 42 controlled CDFW inertial IFW by “friction stir“ (friction with a rotating tool) by d
45、iffusion by explosion 45 441 FSW DW EW under vacuum a9131 a VFB a in furnace at atmospheric pressure a9132aATFBa in air furnace a9133 AFBa by induction 916 IB under vacuum a9161aVIB a in furnace at atmospheric pressure 9162 aATIB a gas (torch) 912 FLB resistance 918 RB salt bath 915 SB welding-brazi
46、ng 97 electric arc 972 ABW electron beam EBBW laser LBW gas (torch) 971 GBW diffusion brazing (in furnace) 919 DB aNot coded EN ISO 4063. 4.2 Abbreviations H : solution treatment and quenching (See EN 10052) T : tempering, structural hardening, aging Ha : homogenization annealing No : normalization
47、An : annealing Sz : sub-zero treatment Sr : stress relieving w : wire p : powder tp : transfert tape F : foil PM : alloy produced by powder metallurgy BS EN 4632-001:2008EN 4632-001:2008 (E) 10 TAZ : thermally affected zone F0: cracking index 0, in the bi-axial tension cracking test C.A : AC current
48、 C.C : DC current Man. : manual Auto : automatic PWHT : Post-welding heat treatment 5 Responsibilities The supplier or the repairer must appoint a person responsible for application of the requirements of this standard. After determination according to the rules described below, the person responsib
49、le must mark his choice on the document containing the description of the operating procedure considered and the nature and the results of the tests that he recommended. 6 How to use this standard In quality standards for metallurgical assemblies, the production and qualification of settings, monitoring and checks during manufacturing may depend on the degree of weldability or brazeability of the materials from which elementa
