1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 474-1:2006Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 1: General requirementsICS 53.100 +A4:2013BS EN Incorporating corrigendum March 2014BS EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013ISBN 978 0 580 86321 9Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments31 July 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment
2、 A1:200931 October 2013 Implementation of CEN amendment A3:2013 and A4:201331 May 2014 Implementation of CEN corrigendum March 2014: subclause G.2.5.3 updatedThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2007 The British Standar
3、ds Institution 2014. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013, incorporating corrigendum March 2014. It supersedes BS EN 474-1:2006+A1:2013, which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by
4、 amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by .The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/513, Construction equipment and plant
5、and site safety, to Subcommittee B/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.The publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its
6、correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM September 2013 ICS 53.100 English Version Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 1: General requirements Engins de terrassement - Scurit - Partie 1:
7、Prescriptions gnrales Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 April 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 4 January 2009, Amendment 3 approved by CEN on 6 January 2013 and Amendment 4 approved by CEN on 10 August 201
8、3. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained o
9、n application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENE
10、LEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ital
11、y, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17
12、, B-1000 Brussels 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013: E EN 474-1:2006+A4Incorporating corrigendum March 2014Foreword This document (EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committe
13、e CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2014, and conflicting na
14、tional standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document include
15、s Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2009-01-04, Amendment 3, approved by CEN on 2013-01-06 and Amendment 4, approved by CEN on 2013-08-10. This European Standard supersedes EN 474-1:2006+A3:2013 and CEN/TS 13778:2004(. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the
16、 text by tags and % loads in object handling application are, e.g., pipes, vessels; self-acting devices are, e.g., grabs, clamshell buckets, log clamps, vacuum lifting device, magnetic plate and fork. 3.5 maximum rated operating/lift capacity in object handling maximum capacity which can be lifted a
17、t least in one position of the working range as specified by the manufacturer (e.g. on the rated object handling capacity table) in the most stable configuration (e.g. outriggers down) BS EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 (E)10 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this %document loa
18、ds in object handling application are, e.g., pipes, vessels; self-acting devices are, e.g., grabs, clamshell buckets, log clamps, vacuum lifting device, magnetic plate and fork. 3.5 maximum rated operating/lift capacity in object handling maximum capacity which can be lifted at least in one position
19、 of the working range as specified by the manufacturer (e.g. on the rated object handling capacity table) in the most stable configuration (e.g. outriggers down) BS EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 (E)11 NOTE The term “rated operating capacity“ is defined in ISO 14397-1:2002 and used in !
20、EN 474-3:2006+A1:2009“ and !EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009“. The term “rated lift capacity“ is defined in ISO 10567:1992 and used in !EN 474-5:2006+A3:2013“. Both terms are equivalent. 3.6 demolition machine machine based on earth moving machinery (see EN ISO 6165) and including equipment and attachment (wor
21、king tool e.g. processor or breaker) specifically designed to demolish, cut, loosen, separate, pick up, transport and distribute component parts of buildings, civil engineering structures 3.7 processor attachment with tooth, teeth and/or cutting edges, used for demolition or deconstruction 3.8 hydra
22、ulic hammer or breaker equipment which uses the hydraulic power source of the carrier machine to accelerate a piston (sometimes gas-assisted), which then hits a tool Note 1 to entry: The stress wave generated by kinetic action flows through the tool into the material, which causes the material to br
23、eak. Hydraulic hammers need a supply of pressurised oil to function. The complete carrier/hammer unit is controlled by an operator, usually seated in the cabin of the carrier. 3.9 high reach equipment multi piece rigid or telescopic equipment with the primary function of operating specialised attach
24、ments for the demolition of structures at heights that cannot be reached by standard backhoe equipment 3.10 base machine machine with a cab or canopy and operator protective structures if required, without equipment or attachments but possessing the necessary mountings for such equipment and attachm
25、ents SOURCE: ISO 6016:2008, 3.1.1( 4 List of significant hazards See Annex A. NOTE Annex A (normative) contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as common to two or more machinery fami
26、lies and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General Earth-moving machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this European Standard, as far as not modified by requirements of the relevant specific part
27、 of the standard series. In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and EN ISO 12100-2:2003 for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this European Standard. BS EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 (E)12 5.2 Access
28、5.2.1 General requirements Adequate access systems shall be provided to the operators station and areas where routine maintenance has to be performed by the operator as described in the operators manual. Access system shall comply with EN ISO 2867:2006. Effect of mud on the means of access shall be
29、minimised by adequate design. 5.2.2 Access to articulated machines On machines with articulated frames and in the fully articulated steering position, a minimum clearance of 150 mm for the lower limbs shall be provided !between firm structures and components with“ relative movement in the path of th
30、e access systems to the operators station, as illustrated in Figure 1. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 1 Minimum clearance of lower limbs at access to the operators station on machines with articulated steering 5.2.3 Access system on crawler machines with step(s) Access step(s) integrated in the tr
31、ack frame shall meet the requirements as stated below (see also Figure 2). A step of an access system can be retracted under an angle of 15, if at least the basic dimension of riser height dimension B, and the tread depth F1according to Figure 1 and Table 1 of EN ISO 2867:2006 is met, measured from
32、the outer edges of the track shoes. In such a case, taken into account the limited view during egress, the step width shall be at least as wide as the minimum in accordance with Table 1 of EN ISO 2867:2006. BS EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 (E)12 5.2 Access 5.2.1 General requirements Ad
33、equate access systems shall be provided to the operators station and areas where routine maintenance has to be performed by the operator as described in the operators manual. Access system shall comply with EN ISO 2867:2006. Effect of mud on the means of access shall be minimised by adequate design.
34、 5.2.2 Access to articulated machines On machines with articulated frames and in the fully articulated steering position, a minimum clearance of 150 mm for the lower limbs shall be provided !between firm structures and components with“ relative movement in the path of the access systems to the opera
35、tors station, as illustrated in Figure 1. Dimensions in millimetres Figure 1 Minimum clearance of lower limbs at access to the operators station on machines with articulated steering 5.2.3 Access system on crawler machines with step(s) Access step(s) integrated in the track frame shall meet the requ
36、irements as stated below (see also Figure 2). A step of an access system can be retracted under an angle of 15, if at least the basic dimension of riser height dimension B, and the tread depth F1according to Figure 1 and Table 1 of EN ISO 2867:2006 is met, measured from the outer edges of the track
37、shoes. In such a case, taken into account the limited view during egress, the step width shall be at least as wide as the minimum in accordance with Table 1 of EN ISO 2867:2006. BS EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 (E)13 Key B 400 mm F1 130 mm Q maximum retraction of a step Figure 2 Dimens
38、ions access step 5.3 Operators station 5.3.1 General requirements 5.3.1.1 Machinery equipment !The driving position of ride-on drivers shall be designed and constructed in such a way that a drivers cab may be fitted, provided this does not increase the risk and there is room for it.“ Machines with a
39、n operating mass less than 1 500 kg are not required to have a cab. Machines with an operating mass greater than or equal to 1 500 kg shall be equipped with a cab, unless the foreseeable adverse weather conditions allow all-year operation without a cab (negotiated between manufacturer and user). Mac
40、hines shall be equipped with a cab and a contamination protective system if the machine is intended for use in unhealthy environments, e.g. contaminated areas (negotiated between manufacturer and user). See 5.14.1. If a hazard due to projection of splinters exists, e.g. operation with a hydraulic- o
41、r demolition-hammer, an adequate protection such as bullet proof glass, mesh guard or an equivalent protection is required. 5.3.1.2 Minimum space The minimum space available to the operator shall be as defined in !EN ISO 3411:2007“ (except as amended in 5.3.2.5). BS EN 474-1:2006+A4:2013 EN 474-1:20
42、06+A4:2013 (E)14 For compact machines the minimum space envelope width (dimension 920 mm in !EN ISO 3411:2007, Figure 4“) may be reduced to 650 mm. The minimum space and location of the controls at the operators station shall meet the requirements specified in EN ISO 6682:1995. 5.3.1.3 Moving parts
43、Measures shall be taken to avoid accidental contact from the operating position with moving parts, e.g. the wheels, or tracks or working equipment and/or attachment in accordance with relevant subclauses of 5.14. 5.3.1.4 Engine exhaust The engine exhaust system shall release the exhaust gas away fro
44、m the operator and the air inlet of the cab. 5.3.1.5 Instruction storage A space intended for the safekeeping of the operators manual and other instructions shall be provided near the operators station. The space shall be lockable, unless the operators station can be locked. 5.3.1.6 Sharp edges The
45、operators space within the operators station, e.g. ceiling, inner walls, instrument panels and access to the operators station shall not present any sharp edges or acute angles/corners. Radius of corners and bluntness of edges shall comply with ISO 12508:1994 to avoid sharp edges (see also 5.14.6).
46、5.3.2 Operators station equipped with a cab 5.3.2.1 Climatic conditions The cab shall protect the operator against foreseeable adverse climatic conditions. Provisions shall be made to install a ventilation system, an adjustable heating system and a system for defrosting windows. For details see 5.3.
47、2.6 to 5.3.2.8. 5.3.2.2 Pipes and hoses Pipes and hoses located inside the cab which contain fluids that are dangerous, for example because of their pressure (greater than 5 MPa), temperature (greater than 50C) shall be guarded, see EN ISO 3457:2003, Clause 9. NOTE As far as possible pipes and hoses
48、 should be placed outside the cab. Parts or components placed between pipes or hoses and the operator, which divert e.g. a hazardous spray of fluid, can be considered as a sufficient protection device. 5.3.2.3 Primary access opening A primary access opening shall be provided. The dimensions shall co
49、mply with EN ISO 2867:2006, Figure 4 and Table 4. 5.3.2.4 Alternative opening (emergency exit) An alternative opening shall be provided on a side other than that of the primary opening. The dimensions shall comply with EN ISO 2867:2006, Clause 11. A window panel or another door is acceptable if they are easy to open or remove without the use of keys or tools. Latches may be used if they can
