1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 474-4:2006Earth-moving machinery Safety Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loadersICS 53.100nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull
2、null nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull+A2:2012BS EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012This British Standard waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Policy andStrategy Committee on 28 February 2007ISBN 978 0 580 75305 3National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation
3、of EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012.It supersedes BS EN 474-4:2006 , which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteeB/513, Construction equipment and plant and site safety, to SubcommitteeB/513/1, Earth moving machinery (International).A list of organizations re
4、presented on t his Subcommittee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.Amendme
5、nts/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsThe start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicatedin the text by tags. Tags indic ating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by . A 1A 13 1 M
6、ay 2009 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2009 +A1:2009 The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 20123 2012 Implementation of CEN amendment A2:2012 June0 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 474-4:2006+A2 January 2012 ICS 53.100 Supersedes EN 474-4:
7、2006+A1:2009English Version Earth-moving machinery - Safety - Part 4: Requirements for backhoe loaders Engins de terrassement - Scurit - Partie 4: Prescriptions applicables aux chargeuses-pelleteuses Erdbaumaschinen - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Anforderungen fr Baggerlader This European Standard was appro
8、ved by CEN on 17 April 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 20 December 2008 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 22 November 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nat
9、ional standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A ve
10、rsion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
11、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATI
12、ON COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012: EEN 474-4:2006+A2:2012 (E) 2 Contents Pa
13、ge Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .64 List of additional significant hazards 65 Safety requirements and/or measures 65.1 General 65.2 Protection .65.3 Operators station 75.4 Warning devices 85.5 Stability .85.6 Travelling and transportation 136 Info
14、rmation for use . 13Annex A (normative) List of additional significant hazards Backhoe loaders 14Annex B (normative) Test method for backhoe loader lift capacity at the backhoe portion 16Annex C (informative) Illustrations . 19Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and t
15、he Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC“ 22Bibliography . 23Figures Figure 1 Deflection-limiting volume (DLV), front view 7 Figure 2 Load centre distance . 10 Figure C.1 Wheel backhoe loader 19 Figure C.2 Compact wheel backhoe loader 19 Figure C.3 Crawler backhoe loader . 20 Figure C.4
16、Backhoe loader with pole erecting attachment . 20 Figure C.5 Backhoe loader with earth drill . 20 Tables Table 1 Stability factors in fork application 9 Table 2 Load centre distance . 10 Table 3 Stability factors in log handling . 10 Table A.1 List of additional significant hazards . 14 BS EN 474-4:
17、2006+A2:2012EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 151 “Construction equipment and building material machines Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a na
18、tional standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2012. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-12-20 and Amendment 2, approved by CEN on 2011-11-2
19、2. This document supersedes #EN 474-4:2006+A1:2009$. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “ and #$. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and suppo
20、rts essential requirements of EU Directive. #For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.$ For bibliographic references, see !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“. EN 474 “Earth-moving machinery Safety“ comprises the following parts: Part 1: General
21、requirements Part 2: Requirements for tractor-dozers Part 3: Requirements for loaders Part 4: Requirements for backhoe-loaders Part 5: Requirements for hydraulic excavators Part 6: Requirements for dumpers Part 7: Requirements for scrapers Part 8: Requirements for graders Part 9: Requirements for pi
22、pelayers Part 10: Requirements for trenchers Part 11: Requirements for earth and landfill compactors Part 12: Requirements for cable excavators This European Standard is intended for use in combination with Part 1 of the series. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standar
23、ds organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Pol
24、and, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012 (E) 4 Introduction This part of EN 474 is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1:2003. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards,
25、hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standa
26、rds, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. BS EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This part of EN 474 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to wheel and crawler backhoe loaders a
27、s defined in EN ISO 6165:2006, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). This part also deals with fork application, object handling application and log handling. The requirements of this part are complementary
28、to the common requirements formulated in !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“. This does not repeat the requirements from !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, but adds or replaces the requirements for application for backhoe loaders. This part specifies the appropriate technical measures to eliminate or reduce risks arising
29、 from the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events during commissioning, operation and maintenance of backhoe loaders. This European Standard is not applicable to machinery manufactured before the date of publication of this European Standard by CEN. 2 Normative references The following
30、referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, Earth-moving machinery Safety
31、 Part 1: General requirements !EN ISO 3164:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluations of protective structures Specifications for deflection-limiting volume (ISO 3164:1995) !EN ISO 3449:2008, Earth-moving machinery - Falling-object protective structures - Laboratory tests and performance r
32、equirements (ISO 3449:2005) “ !EN ISO 6682:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Zones of comfort and reach for controls (ISO 6682:1986 including Amendment 1:1989) !EN ISO 7096:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Laboratory evaluation of operator seat vibration (ISO 7096:2000) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machi
33、nery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) ISO 2330:2002, Fork-lift trucks Fork arms Technical characteristics and testing !ISO 6016:2008“, Earth-moving machinery Methods of measuring the masses of whole machines, their equipment and
34、components !ISO 7451:2007, Earth-moving machinery Volumetric ratings for hoe-type and grab-type buckets of hydraulic excavators and backhoe loaders“ !ISO 7546:1983“, Earth-moving machinery Loader and front loading excavator buckets Volumetric ratings ISO 8643:1997, Earth-moving machinery Hydraulic e
35、xcavator and backhoe loader boom-lowering control device Requirements and tests BS EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012 (E) 6 ISO 9248:1992, Earth-moving machinery Units for dimensions, performance and capacities, and their measurement accuracies !ISO 14397-1:2007“, Earth-moving machinery Load
36、ers and backhoe loaders Part 1: Calculation of rated operating capacity and test method for verifying calculated tipping load 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. N
37、OTE 1 Terminology for backhoe loaders is specified in ISO 8812:1999 and most common backhoe loaders are illustrated in Annex C of this European Standard. NOTE 2 Definitions used in EN and ISO standards referred to in this European Standard are also valid for this document. 3.1 backhoe loader self-pr
38、opelled crawler or wheeled machine having a main frame designed to carry both front-mounted equipment and rear-mounted backhoe equipment, normally with stabilisers or outriggers (see EN ISO 6165:2006) NOTE 1 When used in backhoe mode, the machine is stationary and normally digs below ground level, b
39、ut when used in loader mode (bucket use), the machine loads through forward motion. NOTE 2 A backhoe work cycle normally comprises excavating, elevating, swinging and discharging material. A loader work cycle normally comprises filling, elevating, transporting and discharging material. 3.2 compact b
40、ackhoe loader backhoe loader with an operating mass (see !ISO 6016:2008“) of 4 500 kg or less, designed to work in confined spaces with the associated needs for greater manoeuvrability 4 List of additional significant hazards See Annex A. NOTE Annex A (normative) contains all the significant hazards
41、, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this European Standard, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machinery and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk. 5 Safety requirements and/or measures 5.1 General Backhoe loaders shall comply
42、 with the requirements of !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, as far as not modified or replaced by the requirements of this part. 5.2 Protection 5.2.1 Roll-over protective structures (ROPS) !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.3.3 applies with the following addition for compact backhoe loaders: BS EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012
43、EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012 (E) 7 The portion of deflection-limiting volume (DLV) above the LA (SIP) line according to !EN ISO 3164:2008“ is allowed to deviate (lean) up to 15 laterally as shown in Figure 1, when the minimum energy requirement is met. Portion below the LA (SIP) line of DLV can be disregar
44、ded. Key 1 up to 15 2 LA 3 Seat index point (SIP) Figure 1 Deflection-limiting volume (DLV), front view 5.2.2 Falling object protective structures (FOPS) !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009, 5.3.4 applies with the following additions for backhoe loaders. Machines with an operating mass less than or equal to 700
45、kg according to ISO 6016:2008 shall be fitted with a falling-object protective structure (FOPS), when they are intended for applications where there is a risk of falling objects. If FOPS is fitted, it shall meet the performance requirements of EN ISO 3449:2008 Level 1.“ 5.3 Operators station 5.3.1 M
46、inimum space envelope !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.3.2.5 applies with the following additions: On backhoe loaders with retractable rear window, the cab height above SIP shall not be less than 920 mm measured with the window retracted into the cab. NOTE This requirement is at present under consideratio
47、n. In the future this exception will disappear. 5.3.2 Operators controls !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.5 applies with the following additions: BS EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012EN 474-4:2006+A2:2012 (E) 8 on backhoe loaders equipped with outriggers, an acoustic and visual warning device shall be installed to war
48、n the operator when the travel motion is engaged with lowered outriggers; NOTE Preferably an interlocking device should be provided, which makes it impossible to raise the outriggers if the travel motion is engaged. if the backhoe loader is provided with an alternative operator position with alterna
49、tive travel controls, there shall also be control devices for braking and steering at this alternative position, which meet the performance requirements for the primary functions. 5.3.3 Operators seat !EN 474-1:2006+A1:2009“, 5.4.1, applies with the addition that the seat shall meet the requirements of the following input spectral class according to !EN ISO 7096:2008“: EM5 for backhoe loaders; EM8 for compact
