1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 491:2011Concrete roofing tiles andfittings for roof covering andwall cladding Test methodsBS EN 491:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK im
2、plementation of EN 491:2011. Itsupersedes BS EN 491:2004 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/542/2, Concrete roofing tiles and fittings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This p
3、ublication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012ISBN 978 0 580 73801 2ICS 91.100.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British St
4、andard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 491:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 491 September 2011 ICS 91.100.30 Supersedes EN 491:2004English Version Con
5、crete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding - Test methods Tuiles et accessoires en bton pour couverture et bardage -Mthodes dessais Dach- und Formsteine aus Beton fr Dcher und Wandbekleidungen - Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 August 2011. CEN m
6、embers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applic
7、ation to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Mana
8、gement Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Nether
9、lands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation i
10、n any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 491:2011: EBS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Symbols and abbreviations 55 Test methods 55.1 General 55.2 Hanging length and squarene
11、ss of regular front edge tiles .65.2.1 Principle 65.2.2 Apparatus .65.2.3 Procedure .75.2.4 Expression of results 75.2.5 Test report 75.3 Cover width 75.3.1 Principle 75.3.2 Apparatus .85.3.3 Procedure .85.3.4 Expression of results 95.3.5 Test report 95.4 Flatness 95.4.1 Principle 95.4.2 Apparatus .
12、95.4.3 Procedure 105.4.4 Expression of results . 115.4.5 Test report . 115.5 Mass . 115.5.1 Principle . 115.5.2 Apparatus 115.5.3 Conditioning 115.5.4 Procedure 115.5.5 Expression of results . 115.5.6 Test report . 115.6 Mechanical resistance (transverse strength) 115.6.1 Principle . 115.6.2 Apparat
13、us 125.6.3 Conditioning of tiles . 125.6.4 Procedure 135.6.5 Recording of test results . 155.6.6 Test report . 155.7 Water impermeability . 155.7.1 Principle . 155.7.2 Apparatus and materials 155.7.3 Conditioning 165.7.4 Procedure 175.7.5 Expression of results . 175.7.6 Test report . 175.8 Freeze-th
14、aw resistance 175.8.1 Principle . 175.8.2 Apparatus 17BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 3 5.8.3 Preparation of test samples . 175.8.4 Procedure . 185.8.5 Expression of results 185.8.6 Test report 195.9 Nib support 195.9.1 Principle 195.9.2 Apparatus . 195.9.3 Procedure . 195.9.4 Expression of results 19
15、5.9.5 Test report 195.10 Reaction to fire performance in accordance with EN 13823 . 215.10.1 Principle 215.10.2 Test specimen assembly 215.10.3 Laying the tiles in the test specimen assembly . 215.10.4 Closing the gaps in tile specimens between the two wings . 22Bibliography 27BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2
16、011 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 491:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 128 “Roof covering products for discontinuous laying and products for wall cladding”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, eithe
17、r by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CE
18、NELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 491:2004. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
19、 Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 491:201
20、1EN 491:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies test methods for concrete roofing tiles and fittings conforming to EN 490, for assembly into pitched roof covering or external wall cladding or internal wall lining cladding. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are ind
21、ispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 490:2004, Concrete roofing tiles and fittings for roof covering and wall cladding Produc
22、t specifications EN 13162:2008, Thermal insulation products for buildings Factory made mineral wool (MW) products Specification EN 13238:2010, Reaction to fire tests for building products Conditioning procedures and general rules for selection of substrates EN 13501-1:2007+A1:2009, Fire classificati
23、on of construction products and building elements - Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN 13823:2010, Reaction to fire tests for building products Building products excluding floorings exposed to the thermal attack by a single burning item 3 Terms and definitions For the p
24、urposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 490:2004 apply. 4 Symbols and abbreviations l1hanging length of a tile as defined in Figures 1a) and 1c), in millimetres; l2,l3hanging edge lengths of a tile as defined in Figure 1.b), in millimetres; cwcover width of one tile, in milli
25、metres; cwccover width closed up value of 10 tiles, in millimetres; cwdcover width drawn out value of 10 tiles, in millimetres; d profile depth of a tile, in millimetres; x angle at which test tiles are hung as defined in Figure 1a), in degrees. 5 Test methods 5.1 General Where other test methods ar
26、e used for factory production control (FPC) a satisfactory statistical correlation with the test methods specified in this document shall be demonstrated. BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 6 5.2 Hanging length and squareness of regular front edge tiles 5.2.1 Principle Tiles are hung from steel battens a
27、nd measured to establish hanging length and also the squareness of regular front edge tiles. 5.2.2 Apparatus 5.2.2.1 Steel battens to support the tile (see Figure 1). l 1Xa) x = 20 to 70 l2l3b) Tiles with nominally constant hanging length l1= (l2+ l3)/2 l1c) Tiles with regularly varying hanging leng
28、th l1= Hanging length measured at lowest point Figure 1 Test method for hanging length BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 7 5.2.3 Procedure 5.2.3.1 Tiles with nominally constant hanging length Hang the tile at an angle of 20 to 70 on a steel batten (see Figure 1a). After physically removing any burrs and
29、/or other irregularities, measure from the top face of the batten to the lower front edge of the tile at the sides (see Figure 1b), excluding the interlocking sections in the case of tiles with sidelocks. 5.2.3.2 Tiles with regularly varying hanging length Hang the tile at an angle of 20 to 70 on a
30、steel batten (see Figure 1a). After physically removing any burrs and/or other irregularities, measure from the top face of the batten to the lowest point of the tile (see Figure 1c). 5.2.4 Expression of results 5.2.4.1 Tiles with nominally constant hanging length Record the values l2and l3to the ne
31、arest millimetre and calculate the average per tile l1to the nearest millimetre. 5.2.4.2 Tiles with regularly varying hanging length Record the measured value l1to the nearest millimetre. 5.2.5 Test report 5.2.5.1 Tiles with nominally constant hanging length The test report shall include the followi
32、ng: a) value l2 to the nearest millimetre; b) value l3 to the nearest millimetre; c) the average per tile. l1. to the nearest millimetre; d) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491. 5.2.5.2 Tiles with regularly varying hanging length The test report shall include the following: a) value l1 to the ne
33、arest millimetre; b) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491. 5.3 Cover width 5.3.1 Principle Tiles are hung or laid on a steel batten to determine their cover width. BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 8 5.3.2 Apparatus 5.3.2.1 Steel batten to support 11 tiles. This may be horizontal or pitched up to 70.
34、 5.3.3 Procedure 5.3.3.1 Interlocking tiles Hang or lay 11 tiles of the same cover width with their locks engaged, following the manufacturers recommendations. Taking care that the interlocking parts of the tiles do not lift or disengage, pull the tiles apart to their maximum coverage. Measure the d
35、rawn-out value cwdover 10 tiles to the nearest millimetre (see Figure 2a). Taking care that the interlocking parts of the tiles do not lift or disengage, push the tiles together to their minimum coverage. Measure the closed up value cwcover 10 tiles to the nearest millimetre (see Figure 2b). cwda) c
36、wd= cover width of 10 tiles drawn out cwcb) cwc= cover width of 10 tiles closed up Figure 2 Testing interlocking tiles for cover width 5.3.3.2 Non-interlocking tiles Hang or lay 10 tiles of the same nominal cover width on a batten following the manufacturers recommendations. Push the tiles together.
37、 Measure the width of the 10 tiles to the nearest millimetre. BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 9 5.3.4 Expression of results 5.3.4.1 Interlocking tiles Calculate to the nearest millimetre either: a) the mean drawn out value cwd/10 and the mean closed up value cwc/10; or b) the mean cover width (cwd+ cw
38、c)/20. 5.3.4.2 Non-interlocking tiles Calculate the mean cover width cwc/10 to the nearest millimetre. 5.3.5 Test report 5.3.5.1 Interlocking tiles The test report shall include the following: a) the mean drawn out value cwd/10 and the mean closed up value cwc/10 to the nearest millimetre; or b) the
39、 mean cover width (cwd+ cwc)/20 to the nearest millimetre; and c) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491. 5.3.5.2 Non-interlocking tiles The test report shall include the following: a) the mean cover width cwc/10 to the nearest millimetre; b) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491. 5.4 Flatness 5.
40、4.1 Principle Tiles are laid on a flat plate to determine their flatness. 5.4.2 Apparatus 5.4.2.1 Flat metal surface or two co-planer flat metal plates (see Figure 3). BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 10 Dimensions in millimetres 1323Key 1 Flat surface 3 Diameter 3 mm or cw/100 2 Two co-planer flat met
41、al plates Figure 3 Testing flatness 5.4.2.2 Steel round bar, with a diameter of 3 mm or cw/100 to the nearest millimetre, whichever is the greater. 5.4.3 Procedure Place the tile on a flat level surface or two co-planer flat metal bars with the nibs projecting, as shown in Figure 3. Hold the tile to
42、 ensure that the head of the tile is in contact with the surface. Using the steel bar (without lifting the tile), check whether any gap between the lower front edge of the tile and the measuring surface at any nominal contact point, is greater than the diameter of the steel bar. BS EN 491:2011EN 491
43、:2011 (E) 11 5.4.4 Expression of results Record for each tile whether there is a gap equal to or greater than the diameter of the steel bar. 5.4.5 Test report The test report shall include the following: a) the number of tiles for which there is a gap equal to or greater than the diameter of the ste
44、el bar; b) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491. 5.5 Mass 5.5.1 Principle Tiles are conditioned and then weighed to determine their mass. 5.5.2 Apparatus 5.5.2.1 Weighing device, capable of measuring to the nearest 25 g. 5.5.3 Conditioning Store the tiles to be tested at 15 C to 30 C and at a min
45、imum of 30 % relative humidity for at least 24 h in such a manner that air is free to circulate to all sides of each tile. 5.5.4 Procedure Weigh each tile to the nearest 25 g. 5.5.5 Expression of results Record the values measured and calculate the mean mass of the tiles in the sample to the nearest
46、 25 g. 5.5.6 Test report The test report shall include the following: a) the mass of each tile to the nearest 25 g; b) the mean mass of the tiles in the sample to the nearest 25 g; c) reference to this document, i.e. EN 491. 5.6 Mechanical resistance (transverse strength) 5.6.1 Principle Tiles are p
47、laced in a test machine and a load is applied in order to determine the mechanical resistance of the tiles. BS EN 491:2011EN 491:2011 (E) 12 5.6.2 Apparatus 5.6.2.1 Test machine with two lower rounded metal bearers in a horizontal plane whose centres are spaced at 2/3 of the hanging length of the ti
48、le to be tested, and a single rounded metal upper bearer positioned centrally between the two lower bearers (see Figure 4). The bearers shall be circular or rectangular with one rounded side. The rounded part of the bearers shall have a radius of 10 mm to 20 mm. The bearers shall have a minimum width of 20 mm. The upper bearer and the bearer nearest the tail of the tile shall be free to pivot perpendicularly to their long axis. The length of the bearers shall be not less than the width of the tile to be tested. The test machine shall be calibrated so that the indicated value shall be
