1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 81-20:2014Safety rules for theconstruction and installation oflifts Lifts for the transport ofpersons and goodsPart 20: Passenger and goods passengerliftsBS EN 81-20:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN81-20:2014. T
2、ogether with BS EN 81-50:2014, it supersedes BS EN81-1:1998+A3:2009 and BS EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009, which will bewithdrawn on 6 August 2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators.A list of organizations represented on this committ
3、ee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 76414 1ICS 91.140.90Com
4、pliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 81-20:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE
5、EUROPISCHE NORM EN 81-20 August 2014 ICS 91.140.90 Supersedes EN 81-1:1998+A3:2009, EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009English Version Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of persons and goods - Part 20: Passenger and goods passenger lifts Rgles de scurit pour la co
6、nstruction et linstallation des lvateurs - Elvateurs pour le transport de personnes et dobjets - Partie 20: Ascenseurs et ascenseurs de charge Sicherheitsregeln fr die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzgen - Aufzge fr den Personen- und Gtertransport -Teil 20: Personen- und Lastenaufzge This Europe
7、an Standard was approved by CEN on 28 May 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concern
8、ing such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into
9、its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Ger
10、many, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE F
11、R NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 81-20:2014 EBS EN 81-20:2014EN 81-20:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 5 0 Introduction 7 0.1 General 7
12、 0.2 General remarks.7 0.3 Principles 7 0.4 Assumptions 8 1 Scope . 11 2 Normative references . 11 3 Terms and definitions 13 4 List of significant hazards . 19 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 21 5.1 General . 21 5.2 Well, machinery spaces and pulley rooms 22 5.2.1 General provisi
13、ons . 22 5.2.2 Access to well and to machinery spaces and pulley rooms 26 5.2.3 Access and emergency doors - Access trap doors - Inspection doors 27 5.2.4 Notices . 28 5.2.5 Well . 29 5.2.6 Machinery spaces and pulley rooms 42 5.3 Landing doors and car doors 49 5.3.1 General provisions . 49 5.3.2 He
14、ight and width of entrances 49 5.3.3 Sills, guides, door suspension 49 5.3.4 Horizontal door clearances 50 5.3.5 Strength of landings and car doors 51 5.3.6 Protection in relation to door operation . 55 5.3.7 Local landing lighting and “car here” signal lights 57 5.3.8 Locking and closed landing doo
15、r check 58 5.3.9 Locking and emergency unlocking of landing and car doors . 58 5.3.10 Requirements common to devices for proving the locked condition and the closed condition of the landing door 61 5.3.11 Sliding landing doors with multiple, mechanically linked panels . 61 5.3.12 Closing of automati
16、cally operated landing doors . 62 5.3.13 Electric safety device for proving the car doors closed . 62 5.3.14 Sliding or folding car doors with multiple, mechanically linked panels . 62 5.3.15 Opening the car door . 63 5.4 Car, counterweight and balancing weight . 63 5.4.1 Height of car 63 5.4.2 Avai
17、lable car area, rated load, number of passengers . 63 5.4.3 Walls, floor and roof of the car 68 5.4.4 Car door, floor, wall, ceiling and decorative materials . 69 5.4.5 Apron . 70 5.4.6 Emergency trap doors and emergency doors . 70 5.4.7 Car roof 71 5.4.8 Equipment on top of the car 74 5.4.9 Ventila
18、tion 74 5.4.10 Lighting 74 BS EN 81-20:2014EN 81-20:2014 (E) 3 5.4.11 Counterweight and balancing weight 75 5.5 Suspension means, compensation means and related protection means . 75 5.5.1 Suspension means 75 5.5.2 Sheave, pulley, drum and rope diameter ratios, rope/chain terminations 75 5.5.3 Rope
19、traction . 76 5.5.4 Winding up of ropes for positive drive lifts 76 5.5.5 Distribution of load between the ropes or the chains . 77 5.5.6 Compensation means . 77 5.5.7 Protection for sheaves, pulleys and sprockets 78 5.5.8 Traction sheaves, pulleys and sprockets in the well . 79 5.6 Precautions agai
20、nst free fall, excessive speed, unintended car movement and creeping of the car . 80 5.6.1 General provisions 80 5.6.2 Safety gear and its tripping means 82 5.6.3 Rupture valve . 88 5.6.4 Restrictors 89 5.6.5 Pawl device 90 5.6.6 Ascending car overspeed protection means . 91 5.6.7 Protection against
21、 unintended car movement . 92 5.7 Guide rails 95 5.7.1 Guiding of the car, counterweight or balancing weight 95 5.7.2 Permissible stresses and deflections . 95 5.7.3 Combination of loads and forces 98 5.7.4 Impact factors 98 5.8 Buffers 100 5.8.1 Car and counterweight buffers 100 5.8.2 Stroke of car
22、 and counterweight buffers 101 5.9 Lift machinery and associated equipment 102 5.9.1 General provision 102 5.9.2 Lift machine for traction lifts and positive drive lifts . 103 5.9.3 Lift machine for hydraulic lifts . 108 5.10 Electric installations and appliances 117 5.10.1 General provisions 117 5.
23、10.2 Incoming supply conductor terminations. 119 5.10.3 Contactors, contactor relays, components of safety circuits 119 5.10.4 Protection of electrical equipment 120 5.10.5 Main switches 120 5.10.6 Electric wiring 122 5.10.7 Lighting and socket outlets 123 5.10.8 Control of the supply for lighting a
24、nd socket outlets 123 5.10.9 Protective earthing 123 5.10.10 Electrical identification . 124 5.11 Protection against electric faults; failure analysis; electric safety devices 124 5.11.1 Protection against electric faults; failure analysis 124 5.11.2 Electric safety devices 125 5.12 Controls - Final
25、 limit switches - Priorities. 129 5.12.1 Control of lift operations. 129 5.12.2 Final limit switches 136 5.12.3 Emergency alarm device and intercom system . 137 5.12.4 Priorities and signals 137 6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures 138 6.1 Technical compliance documen
26、tation 138 6.2 Verification of design 138 6.3 Examinations and tests before putting into service 142 6.3.1 Braking system (5.9.2.2) . 142 6.3.2 Electric installation 142 BS EN 81-20:2014EN 81-20:2014 (E) 4 6.3.3 Checking of the traction (5.5.3) . 142 6.3.4 Car safety gear (5.6.2) 143 6.3.5 Counterwe
27、ight or balancing weight safety gear (5.6.2) 143 6.3.6 Pawl device (5.6.5) 144 6.3.7 Buffers (5.8.1, 5.8.2) 144 6.3.8 Rupture valve (5.6.3) . 144 6.3.9 Restrictor/one-way restrictor (5.6.4) . 145 6.3.10 Pressure test . 145 6.3.11 Ascending car overspeed protection means (5.6.6) . 145 6.3.12 Stopping
28、 of the car at landings and levelling accuracy (5.12.1.1.4) 145 6.3.13 Protection against unintended car movement (5.6.7) . 145 6.3.14 Protection against falling/shearing (5.3.9.3.4) . 146 7 Information for use . 146 7.1 General . 146 7.2 Instruction manual 146 7.2.1 General . 146 7.2.2 Normal use 1
29、46 7.2.3 Maintenance 147 7.2.4 Examinations and tests 147 7.3 Logbook . 147 Annex A (normative) List of the electric safety devices 149 Annex B (informative) Technical compliance documentation . 151 Annex C (informative) Periodic examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an important modi
30、fication or after an accident 152 C.1 Periodic examinations and tests . 152 C.2 Examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident . 152 Annex D (informative) Machinery spaces Access . 154 Annex E (informative) Building interfaces . 155 E.1 General provisions . 155 E.2 Suppo
31、rt of Guide Rails . 155 E.3 Ventilation of car, well and machine rooms . 155 E.3.1 General . 155 E.3.2 Ventilation of the well and car . 156 E.3.3 Ventilation of machine rooms . 157 Annex F (normative) Pit access ladder 158 F.1 Types of pit access ladder . 158 F.2 General provisions . 158 F.3 Ladder
32、 uprights and rungs 158 F.3.1 Ladder uprights . 158 F.3.2 Ladder rungs . 159 F.4 Specific provisions for non fixed type ladders 159 F.5 Location of the ladder in the pit 159 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 95/16/EC ame
33、nded by Directive 2006/42/EC 161 Bibliography . 162 BS EN 81-20:2014EN 81-20:2014 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 81-20:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the
34、 status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2015 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
35、 subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document, in conjunction with EN 81-50:2014, supersedes EN 81-1:1998+A3:2009 and EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the E
36、uropean Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard is the culmination of the progressive development of the EN s
37、tandards for lifts. Previous versions of the EN 81-1 and EN 81-2 standards incorporated into EN 81-20 and EN 81-50 include: EN 81-1:1985, Safety rules for electric lifts EN 81-1:1998, Safety rules for electric lifts EN 81-1:1998, Corrigendum No 1:1999; EN 81-1:1998/A1:2005, incorporating programmabl
38、e electronic system in safety related applications for lifts; EN 81-1:1998/A2:2004, incorporating machine-room-less lifts; EN 81-1:1998+A3:2009, Incorporating unintended car movement with open doors; EN 81-2:1987, Safety rules for hydraulic lifts EN 81-2:1998, Safety rules for hydraulic lifts EN 81-
39、2:1998, Corrigendum No 1:1999; EN 81-2:1998/A1:2005, incorporating programmable electronic system in safety related applications for lifts; EN 81-2:1998/A2:2004, incorporating machine-room-less lifts; EN 81-2:1998+A3:2009, incorporating unintended car movement with open doors. This is the first edit
40、ion of the standard. The need for replacement was based on the following points: improvement in safety due to changes in proven technology; the need to reflect changes to the state of the art; BS EN 81-20:2014EN 81-20:2014 (E) 6 incorporation of essential health and safety requirements from the rele
41、vant EU Directives; elimination of reported errors; clarification of the text and incorporation of proposals resulting from interpretation requests1); improvement of the references to other standards according to the progress in that field. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the nati
42、onal standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lit
43、huania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. 1) Within CEN/TC 10 an interpretation committee has been established to answer questions about the spirit in which the experts have drafted the va
44、rious clauses of this standard. All such interpretations are published within CEN TS 81-11 until incorporated by amendment into the standards concerned. BS EN 81-20:2014EN 81-20:2014 (E) 7 0 Introduction 0.1 General This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. The machinery concerne
45、d and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence ove
46、r the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. 0.2 General remarks 0.2.1 The object of this standard is to define safety rules related to passenger and goods passenger lifts with a view to safeguarding pers
47、ons and objects against the risk of accidents associated with the normal use, maintenance and emergency operation of lifts. 0.2.2 A study has been made of the various possible hazards with lifts, see Clause 4. 0.2.2.1 Persons to be safeguarded: a) users, including passengers and competent and author
48、ized persons, e.g. maintenance and inspection personnel (see EN 13015); b) persons in the surrounding area of the well, or any machine room and pulley room, who may be effected by the lift. 0.2.2.2 Property to be safeguarded: a) loads in car; b) components of the lift installation; c) building in wh
49、ich the lift is installed; d) the immediate surrounding area of the lift installation. NOTE EN 81-71 gives additional requirements covering lifts resistant to acts of vandalism and EN 81-77 gives additional requirements covering lifts in seismic conditions. 0.2.3 When the weight, size and/or shape of components prevent them from being moved by hand, they are: a) either fitted with attachments for lifting gear; or b) designed so that they can be fitted with such attachments (e.g. by means of threaded holes); or c) shaped in su
