1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 818-4:1996 +A1:2008Short link chain for lifting purposes Safety Part 4: Chain slings Grade 8ICS 53.020.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g6
2、0g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 April 1997 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 64080 3National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008. It supersed
3、es BS EN 818-4:1996 which is withdrawn.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !“. The UK participation i
4、n its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/1, Chains and fittings.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its c
5、orrect application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Comments30 September 2008 Implementation of CEN amendment A1:2008, and alignment of BSI and CEN publication datesEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EU
6、ROPISCHE NORM EN 818-4:1996+A1 April 2008 ICS 53.020.30 Supersedes EN 818-4:1996 English Version Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety - Part 4: Chain slings - Grade 8 Chanes de levage maillons courts - Scurit - Partie 4: Elingues en chanes - Classe 8 Kurzgliedrige Rundstahlketten fr Hebezw
7、ecke - Sicherheit - Teil 4: Anschlagketten - Gteklasse 8 This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 March 1996 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 10 February 2008. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this E
8、uropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (En
9、glish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgar
10、ia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZ
11、ATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008: EEN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 2 Conten
12、ts Page Foreword4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 !Terms and definitions“.7 4 Hazards .8 5 Safety requirements 9 5.1 Components of a chain sling9 5.1.1 Chain .9 5.1.2 Forged steel components .9 5.1.3 Links9 5.1.4 Hooks 9 5.2 Design and construction.10 5.2.1 !Chain slings“ assemb
13、led with mechanical joining devices.10 5.2.2 !Chain“ slings assembled by welding .10 5.2.3 Endless !chain“ slings.10 5.2.4 Tolerance on length.10 5.3 Working load rating .11 5.3.1 Single-leg !chain“ slings .11 5.3.2 Multi-leg !chain“ slings11 5.3.3 Endless !chain“ slings.11 6 Verification of safety
14、requirements12 6.1 !Qualification of personnel.12 6.2 Manufacturing proof force 13 6.2.1 General13 6.2.2 Manufacturing proof force factors.13 6.2.3 Post-test examination .13 6.3 Final examination.13 6.3.1 !Chain“ slings joined by mechanical devices.13 6.3.2 !Chain“ slings of welded construction 13 7
15、 Marking .14 7.1 General14 7.2 Single-leg !chain“ slings .14 7.3 Multi-leg !chain“ slings rated for a range of angles from 0 to 45 to the vertical 14 8 Manufacturers certificate .15 8.1 General15 8.2 !Chain“ slings of welded construction 15 8.3 !Chain“ slings joined by mechanical devices.15 9 !Infor
16、mation“ for use .16 Annex A (normative) Alternative method of rating and marking a chain sling for a specific lifting application 21 A.1 General21 A.2 Alternative method of rating.21 A.3 Manufacturing proof force 21 A.4 Marking of !chain“ slings rated by the alternative method of rating22 Annex B (i
17、nformative) !Bases for calculation of values for the working load limits“ 23 BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 3 B.1 Calculated values of working load limits (WLL) for single-leg !chain“ slings 23 B.2 Calculated values of working load limits (WLL) for multi-leg !chain“ slings 23 Anne
18、x C (informative) Designation system for chain slings - Grade 8 .24 Annex D (!normative“) Identification tags for chain slings 25 D.1 General .25 D.2 Tags for chain slings.25 Annex ZA (informative) !Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC27
19、 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC28 !Bibliography 29 BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Cha
20、ins, ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2008 and conflicting national standards shal
21、l be withdrawn at the latest by October 2008. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-02-10. This document supersedes EN 814-4:1996. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! “. !This document has been prepared under a mand
22、ate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.“ The other parts of EN 818 are: Part 1 : G
23、eneral conditions of acceptance Part 2 : Medium tolerance chain for chain slings - Grade 8 Part 3 : Medium tolerance chain for chain slings - Grade 4 Part 5 : Chain slings - Grade 4 !Part 6 : Chain slings Specification for information for use and maintenance to be provided by the manufacturer“ !Part
24、 7 : Fine tolerance hoist chain, Grade T (Types T, DAT and DT)“ !deleted text“ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark
25、, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 5 Introduction Thi
26、s European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard to provide one means of conforming with the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive. The Directive stipulates that where chain with welded links is used for lifting accessories it is to be of short line type and for t
27、he purposes of this standard this is chain having a ratio of nominal pitch to nominal size of 3:1. The extent to which hazards are covered is indicated in the scope of this Part of EN 818. In addition, lifting equipment shall comply as appropriate with !EN ISO 12100“ for hazards which are not covere
28、d by this standard. Annex C gives a designation system for recording the identifying features of grade 8 chain slings. Since this system is not widely used it has been included in this first edition of this standard as an informative annex, however should its use become more generally accepted then
29、the status of the information would need to be reviewed. !This standard is a Type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisio
30、ns of the other standards, for equipment that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.“ BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements related to safety, methods of rating and testing of single-,
31、two-, three-, four-leg and endless chain slings assembled by: a) mechanical joining devices; b) welding using short link grade 8 medium tolerance lifting chain conforming to EN 818-2 together with the appropriate range of components of the same grade. !deleted text“ The hazards covered by this Europ
32、ean Standard are identified in clause 4. Bases for the calculation of working load limits are given in annex B. Annex C gives an example of a designation system for chain slings. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publicati
33、ons. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated, references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision.
34、 For undated references, the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. !deleted text“ EN 818-1, Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety Part 1: General conditions of acceptance EN 818-2, Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety Part 2: Medium tolerance chain for chain sling
35、s - Grade 8 !EN 818-6:2000+A1“, Short link chain for lifting purposes - Safety Part 6: Chain slings - Instructions for use and maintenance !EN 1050“, Safety of machinery Risk assessment !EN 1677-1:2000+A1“, Components for slings - Safety Part 1: Forged steel components - Grade 8 !EN 1677-2:2000+A1“,
36、 Components for slings - Safety Part 2: Forged steel lifting hooks with latch - Grade 8 !EN 1677-4:2000+A1“, Components for slings - Safety Part 4: Links - Grade 8 !deleted text“ !EN ISO 12100-1, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 1: Basic terminology, methodo
37、logy (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design - Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)“ BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 7 3 !Terms and definitions“ !For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and
38、symbols given in EN 818-1:1996+A1 and the following apply.“ !3.1 chain sling assembly consisting of a chain leg or chain legs joined to upper and lower terminals for attaching loads to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine NOTE See Figures 1 to 4.“ 3.2 nominal size of !chain“ sling The nomina
39、l size of short link chain, in millimetres, used in the manufacture of the !chain“ sling. 3.3 nominal grade of !chain“ sling For the purpose of designation in accordance with annex C, is the same as the grade of the short link chain used in the manufacture of the !chain“ sling i.e. 8. 3.4 master lin
40、k A link forming the upper terminal of a chain by means of which the !chain“ sling is attached to the hook of a crane or other lifting machine. !deleted text“ !NOTE See Figures 1 to 4.“ 3.5 length of a leg For a finished !chain“ sling, is the length from the lower bearing point of the lower terminal
41、 to the upper bearing point of the upper terminal !deleted text“. !NOTE See Figures 1 to 4.“ 3.6 intermediate master link A link used to connect one or two legs of a sling to a master link. 3.7 lower terminal A link, hook or other device fitted at the end of a leg of a sling, remote from the master
42、link or upper terminal. 3.8 mechanical joining device A means of connection which does not depend on welding. It may be integral with a component or be a separate component !deleted text“. !NOTE See Figure 5.“ 3.9 joining link A welded link fitted to the end of a chain to connect it either directly
43、or through an intermediate link to an upper or lower terminal or intermediate master link or in the case of an endless !chain“ sling to the other end of the chain !deleted text“. !NOTE See Figures 1 to 4.“ BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 8 3.10 intermediate link A welded link used
44、to form a connection between the terminal and the joining link fitted to the chain !deleted text“. !NOTE See Figures 1 to 4.“ 3.11 manufacturing proof force (MPF) of a chain sling A force applied during manufacture as a test to the whole !chain“ sling or a force applied as a test to a section of !ch
45、ain“ sling. 3.12 working load limit (WLL) of a chain sling: The maximum mass which a sling is authorized to sustain in general lifting service. !3.13 master link assembly assembly consisting of a master link together with two intermediate master links“ 4 Hazards !Accidental release of a load, or rel
46、ease of a load due to“ failure of lifting accessories such as slings or their component parts puts at risk either directly or indirectly the !safety or health“ or health of those persons within the danger zone of lifting equipment. In order to provide the necessary strength and durability of lifting
47、 accessories this Part of EN 818 lays down requirements for the design, selection of materials of construction and testing to ensure that specified levels of performance are met. Fatigue failure has not been identified as a hazard when chain slings having the specified levels of performance given in
48、 this Part of EN 818 are used in general lifting service. Since failure can be caused by the incorrect choice of grade and specification of lifting accessory this Part of EN 818 also gives the requirements for marking and the manufacturers certificate. Errors in fitting together of !slings“ can also
49、 lead to premature failure and this Part of EN 818 contains dimensional requirements to allow correct fit. Those aspects of safe use associated with good practice are given in !EN 818-6:2000+A1“. Table 1 contains !those hazards“, which require action to reduce risk identified by risk assessment as being specific and significant for chain slings grade 8. BS EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008EN 818-4:1996+A1:2008 (E) 9 Table 1 Hazards and associated requirements Hazards identified in annex A of !EN 1050“ Relevant clause/sub-clause of this Part of EN 818 !1 e)“ Me
