1、BS EN 838:2010ICS 13.040.30NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDWorkplace exposure Procedures formeasuring gasesand vapours usingdiffusive samplers Requirements and testmethodsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolic
2、y and StrategyCommittee on 28 February2010. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 60749 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 838:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 838:2010. Itsupersedes BS EN 838:1996 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in it
3、s preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee EH/2/2, Work place atmospheres.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its corr
4、ect application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 838:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 838 January 2010 ICS 13.040.30 Supersedes EN 838:1995English Version Workplace exposure - Procedures for measuring gases and vapours usin
5、g diffusive samplers - Requirements and test methods Exposition sur les lieux de travail - Procdures pour le mesurage des gaz et vapeurs laide de dispositifs de prlvement par diffusion - Exigences et mthodes dessaiExposition am Arbeitsplatz - Messung von Gasen und Dmpfen mit Diffusionssammlern - Anf
6、orderungen und Prfverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 December 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date
7、lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
8、responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greec
9、e, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Managemen
10、t Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 838:2010: EBS EN 838:2010EN 838:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definit
11、ions .54 Symbols and abbreviations 55 Types of samplers .76 Requirements .76.1 General 76.2 Sampler requirements .86.3 Measuring procedure requirements 97 General test conditions 117.1 Reagents 117.2 Apparatus 117.3 Independent method 127.4 Generation of a calibration gas mixture . 128 Test methods
12、. 138.1 General . 138.2 Sampler test methods 138.3 Measuring procedure test methods 168.4 Uncertainty of measurement . 219 Test report . 23Annex A (informative) Fundamentals of diffusive sampling 24Annex B (informative) Estimation of uncertainty of measurement . 26Annex C (informative) Example of es
13、timation of expanded uncertainty 36Bibliography . 39BS EN 838:2010EN 838:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 838:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 137 “Assessment of workplace exposure to chemical and biological agents”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European St
14、andard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
15、 document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 838:1995. The major technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition are as follows: a) adaptation of th
16、e framework for assessing the performance of procedures for measuring gases and vapours against the general requirements for the performance of procedures for measuring chemical agents in workplace atmospheres as specified in EN 482; b) revision of the calculation model for the uncertainty of measur
17、ement to comply with EN 482 and ENV 13005; c) modification of the classification scheme for sampler types; d) deletion of the informative annexes on the evaluation of diffusive samplers by means of field tests. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations o
18、f the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rom
19、ania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 838:2010EN 838:2010 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard provides a framework for assessing the performance of procedures for measuring gases and vapours against the general requirements for the performance of pr
20、ocedures for measuring chemical agents in workplace atmospheres as specified in EN 482. These performance criteria include maximum values of expanded uncertainty achievable under prescribed laboratory conditions for the methods to be used. In addition, the performance criteria should also be met und
21、er a wider variety of environmental influences, representative of workplace conditions. This European Standard enables manufacturers and users of diffusive samplers and developers and users of procedures for measuring gases and vapours to adopt a consistent approach to method validation. BS EN 838:2
22、010EN 838:2010 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies performance requirements and test methods under prescribed laboratory conditions for the evaluation of diffusive samplers and of procedures using these samplers for the determination of gases and vapours in workplace atmospheres. This Eur
23、opean Standard is applicable to diffusive samplers and measuring procedures using these samplers in which sampling and analysis are carried out in separate stages. This European Standard is not applicable to: diffusive samplers which are used for the direct determination of concentrations; diffusive
24、 samplers which rely on sorption into a liquid. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
25、 amendments) applies. EN 482:2006, Workplace atmospheres General requirements for the performance of procedures for the measurement of chemical agents EN 1076, Workplace exposure Procedures for measuring gases and vapours using pumped samplers Requirements and test methods EN 1540, Workplace atmosph
26、eres Terminology EN ISO 8655-2, Piston-operated volumetric apparatus Part 2: Piston pipettes (ISO 8655-2:2002) EN ISO 8655-6, Piston-operated volumetric apparatus Part 6: Gravimetric methods for the determination of measurement error (ISO 8655-6:2002) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this
27、 document, the terms and definitions given in EN 482:2006 and EN 15401)apply. 4 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbreviations apply. NOTE See 8.4 and Annex C for symbols used in conjunction with uncertainty of measurement only. A cross-sectional
28、 area of sorption surface, in square centimetres (cm) CRM certified reference material 1) EN 1540:1998 is currently subject to revision. Until the revised EN is published the definitions given in EN 482:2006 take precedence. BS EN 838:2010EN 838:2010 (E) 6 Dadiffusion coefficient of an analyte, in s
29、quare centimetres per minute (cm/min) Da1diffusion coefficient of analyte 1, in square centimetres per minute (cm/min) Da2diffusion coefficient of analyte 2, in square centimetres per minute (cm/min) l length of static air layer in sampler (or equivalent for permeation types), in centimetres (cm) LV
30、 limit value mbmass of analyte desorbed from blank sampler, in nanograms (ng) mdmass of analyte desorbed, in nanograms (ng) msmass of the analyte which can diffuse to a suitable sorbent within a certain time, i.e. the mass uptake of a diffusive sampler, in nanograms (ng) 1m a1mass concentration of t
31、he given analyte at the beginning of the diffusion layer (i.e. at the distance l from the surface of the sorbent), in milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m) BS EN 838:2010EN 838:2010 (E) 7 a2mass concentration of the given analyte at the end of the diffusion layer (i.e. at the surface of the sorbent), in
32、 milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m) Ra, mean mass concentration of the analyte recovered from the test gas atmosphere, in milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m); cgmass concentration of the calibration gas mixture, in milligrams per cubic metre (mg/m) attemperature of the test atmosphere sampled, in degre
33、e Celsius (C) vcoefficient of variation (CV)2)avolume fraction of the analyte, in microlitres per litre (l/l) 5 Types of samplers Samplers for gases and vapours can be divided into type A samplers and type B samplers: Type A samplers rely on sorption onto a solid or onto a support impregnated with a
34、 reagent, desorption with solvent, and subsequent analysis of the desorbate. They are usually made of glass and consist of two beds of sorbent in series, i.e. with a back-up section, and contain an active sorbent (e.g. activated carbon) or a support impregnated with reagent. Type B samplers rely on
35、sorption onto a solid or onto a support impregnated with a reagent, thermal desorption, and analysis of the desorbate. They are usually made of glass or metal, are sealed with removable fittings and consist of one or more beds of sorbent (e.g. porous polymer resin). 6 Requirements NOTE If there is n
36、o procedure for measuring a particular chemical agent which meets the requirements of this European Standard, a procedure whose performance is nearest to the specified requirements should be used. 6.1 General Some requirements (see 6.2) shall be verified once for each type of sampler. Other requirem
37、ents (see 6.3) shall be verified for each combination sampler/chemical agent. It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to meet the requirements specified in 6.2. It is also the responsibility of the manufacturer or the developer of the measuring procedure to meet the requirements specified in 6.
38、3 when use of a sampler for measurement of a particular gas or vapour is claimed. NOTE 1 No useful performance requirements can be given for the effect of interferents (with the exception of water vapour). The effect of interferents is difficult to predict for a non ideal sorbent without adsorption
39、isotherm data on mixed systems which is normally unavailable. However the user of diffusive samplers should be cautioned that the adsorption of water vapour on certain sorbents, e.g. activated carbon and silica gel, can have a large effect on sampler capacity and analytical recovery. NOTE 2 Because
40、of the known effect of pressure on diffusion coefficients, a pressure test is not necessary. 2) The predecessor term “relative standard deviation“ is deprecated by the term “coefficient of variation“. See also ISO 3534-1:2006, 2.38, Note 2. BS EN 838:2010EN 838:2010 (E) 8 6.2 Sampler requirements 6.
41、2.1 Nominal uptake rate The nominal uptake rate and the coefficient of variation3)shall be provided by the manufacturer. If it is possible to calculate the ideal steady-state value in accordance with 8.2.1.1, the nominal uptake rate, determined in accordance with 8.2.1.2, shall be within 25 % of the
42、 steady-state value. 6.2.2 Air velocity/sampler orientation The manufacturer shall test the working range of air velocity and the influence of sampler orientation in accordance with 8.2.2. 6.2.3 Sampler leak test When tested in accordance with 8.2.3, any additional analyte determined above the blank
43、 value (see 6.3.2.3) shall be less the one-third of the calculated mass uptake by the sampler for 30 min exposure to a concentration of 0,1 LV. 6.2.4 Shelf life (for impregnated supports) The manufacturer shall specify the shelf life of the diffusive sampler when stored in its original package. Duri
44、ng this period the sampler shall fulfil all requirements. 6.2.5 Sample identification (for commercially available diffusive samplers) The diffusive sampler shall have a suitable area for sample identification by the user. 6.2.6 Marking Diffusive samplers shall be marked with at least the following:
45、manufacturers name; product identification; batch identification; shelf life (if applicable); number of this European Standard. If required due to limited space, the marking may be placed on the packaging of the diffusive sampler. However, the manufacturers name and product identification shall be i
46、ndicated on the diffusive sampler. 6.2.7 Instructions for use The instructions for use supplied with the diffusive sampler shall be in the language(s) of the country where the diffusive sampler is to placed on the market. They shall contain at least the following information: a) designated use (gene
47、ral purpose for a number of gases and vapours or, specific, for a particular gas or vapour, see 6.1); 3) The predecessor term “relative standard deviation“ is deprecated by the term “coefficient of variation“. See also ISO 3534-1:2006, 2.38, Note 2. BS EN 838:2010EN 838:2010 (E) 9 b) blank value (on
48、ly when used for a particular gas or vapour, see 6.1; c) nominal uptake rate for the substances for which the diffusive sampler is intended to use; d) directions for proper handling of the diffusive sampler, including opening and closing; e) general information on the principle of use, for example,
49、sorbent type, reaction of the reagent impregnated solid, desorption method; f) information on storage and transport; g) working range of air velocity; h) orientation; i) information on health or environmental hazards and method of disposal. The general information on the principle of use can be given in additional literature. 6.3 Measuring procedure requirements 6.3.1 Sampling procedure requirements 6.3.1.1 Sampling time Sampling time
