1、BS EN 939:2009ICS 13.060.20; 71.100.80NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDChemicals used fortreatment of waterintended for humanconsumption Hydrochloric acidCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot fo
2、r ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-This British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 June2009. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 58594 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 939:2009Natio
3、nal forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 939:2009. Itsupersedes BS EN 939:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations represented on this committee c
4、an be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.Copyright European Committee for Standar
5、dization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 939January 2009ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 939:1999 English VersionChemicals used for treatment of water i
6、ntended for humanconsumption - Hydrochloric acidProduits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leaudestine la consommation humaine - Acide chlorhydriqueProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser fr denmenschlichen Gebrauch - SalzsureThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 December 2008.CEN membe
7、rs are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application
8、to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the sa
9、me status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Roma
10、nia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedwor
11、ldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 939:2009: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1
12、Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Description .5 3.1 Identification .5 3.2 Commercial forms .6 3.3 Physical properties 6 3.4 Chemical properties 7 4 Purity criteria 8 4.1 General 8 4.2 Composition of commercial product .8 4.3 Impurities and main by-products .8 4.4 Chemical parameters 9 5 Test metho
13、ds 9 5.1 Sampling .9 5.2 Analysis 9 6 Labelling Transportation Storage . 16 6.1 Means of delivery 16 6.2 Risk and safety labelling according to the UE Directives . 16 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling . 17 6.4 Marking 17 6.5 Storage . 18 Annex A (informative) General information on hydroc
14、hloric acid 19 A.1 Origin . 19 A.2 Use . 19 A.3 Routine analyses 20 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety . 21 B.1 Rules for safe handling and use . 21 B.2 Emergency procedures 21 Annex C (normative) Determination of arsenic, antimony and selenium (atomic absorption spectrometry hydri
15、de technique) 22 C.1 General principle. 22 C.2 Interferences . 22 C.3 Reagents 22 C.4 Apparatus 24 C.5 Procedure 26 C.6 Calculation . 27 Bibliography . 28 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted with
16、out license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 939:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
17、of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be
18、held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 939:1999. The significant technical differences between this edition and EN 939:1999 are as follows: a) deletion of the reference to EU Directive 80/778/EEC of July, 15 1980 in order to take into account the
19、latest Directive in force (see 1); b) replacement of ISO 5666-1 by EN 1483. Annex A is informative. Annexes B and C are normative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria
20、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Copyright Eu
21、ropean Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 4 Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, c
22、aused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria,
23、existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by thi
24、s European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope This Euro
25、pean Standard is applicable to hydrochloric acid used for treatment of water intended for human consumption. It describes the characteristics of hydrochloric acid and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for hydrochloric acid. It gives information on its use in water treatme
26、nt. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use of hydrochloric acid (see Annex B). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the l
27、atest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1483, Water quality - Determination of mercury - Method using atomic absorption spectrometry EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) ISO 904, Hydrochloric acid for
28、industrial use Determination of total acidity Titrimetric method ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use Safety in sampling ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use Sampling Vocabulary ISO 6685, Chemical products for industrial use General method for determination of iron co
29、ntent 1,10-Phenanthroline spectorphotometric method ISO 8288:1986, Water quality Determination of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead Flame atomic absorption spectrometric methods ISO 9174, Water quality Determination of chromium Atomic absorption spectrometric methods 3 Description 3.1 I
30、dentification 3.1.1 Chemical name Hydrochloric acid. 3.1.2 Synonym or common names Muriatic acid, hydrogen chloride. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 36,46. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted witho
31、ut license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 6 3.1.4 Empirical formula HCl 3.1.5 Chemical formula HCl 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number 1)7647-01-0. 3.1.7 EINECS reference 2)231-595-7. 3.2 Commercial forms The product is supplied as aqueous solutions of hydrochloric acid with mass fraction of 25 %
32、to 38 % (concentrated acid). Dilutions of these solutions are also available. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The solution is colourless to yellow and slightly fuming to strongly fuming, depending on concentration. 3.3.2 Density The density is between 1,135 g/ml and 1,185 g/ml at 20 C, depe
33、nding on concentration. 3.3.3 Solubility The product is miscible with water in any proportion. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure The vapour pressure for HCl at mass fraction 30 % depending on temperature is given in Table 1. Table 1 Vapour pressure of hydrochloric acid solutions Temperature ptotal pHCl pH2O C k
34、Pa kPa kPa 20 2,13 1,41 0,7250 13,73 9,46 4,27 1)Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number 2)European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted wit
35、hout license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 7 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa The boiling point of HCl depending on concentration is given in Table 2. Table 2 Boiling point of hydrochloric acid solutions Concentration Boiling point at 100 kPa aMass fraction in % C 25 10430 9038 50,5 a100
36、kPa = 1 bar 3.3.6 Melting or freezing point The melting or freezing point of HCl depending on concentration is given in Table 3. Table 3 Melting or freezing point Concentration Melting or freezing point Mass fraction in % C 38 - 2725 753.3.7 Specific heat 3,14 kJ/(kg .K) at 18 C for HCl at mass frac
37、tion 16,83 %. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) The viscosity of a HCl at mass fraction 30 %, solution at 15 C, is 1,9 mPa.s. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable. 3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties The solution of hydrochloric acid
38、 is a strong mineral acid. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 8 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the mini
39、mum purity requirements for hydrochloric acid used for the treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notifie
40、d to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. NOTE Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents o
41、f other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or r
42、aw materials leads to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product As concentrated acid the concentration of HCl solution shall be at least at mass fraction of 25 %. More diluted solutions are
43、commercially available; the concentration of hydrochloric acid shall be equal to or greater than the manufacturer specified value. 4.3 Impurities and main by-products The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 4. Table 4 Impurities Impurity Limit mg/kg of HCl mass fraction 100
44、% Iron (Fe) max. 170 Halogenated organic compounds (as Cl) max. 17 Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 9 4.4 Chemical parameters The pro
45、duct shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 5. Table 5 Chemical parameters Parameter Limit in mg/kg of HCl mass fraction 100 % Type 1 Type 2 Arsenic (As) max. 3 10 Cadmium (Cd) max. 1 5 Chromium (Cr) max. 3 10 Mercury (Hg) max. 0,5 3 Nickel (Ni) max. 3 10 Lead (Pb) max. 3 20 Antimony (
46、Sb) max. 1 10 Selenium (Se) max. 5 10 NOTE Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not relevant in HCl. Cyanide which does not exist in a very acidic media, such as hydrochloric acid, is not a relevant chemical parameter. For parametric values of hydrochloric acid on trace metal content
47、in drinking water, see 1. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Observe the general recommendations of ISO 3165 and take account of ISO 6206. 5.2 Analysis 5.2.1 Determination of hydrochloric acid content (main product) The determination of total acidity is carried out by titration in accordance with ISO 904.
48、5.2.2 Impurities 5.2.2.1 Determination of iron content 5.2.2.1.1 Preparation of the test solution In accordance with ISO 6685. 5.2.2.1.2 Procedure In accordance with ISO 6685. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN 939:2009EN 939:2009 (E) 10 5.2.2.2 Determination of content of halogenated organic compounds 5.2.2.2.1 General Halogenated organic compounds are determined as
