1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 974:2003 Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption Phosphoric acid The European Standard EN 974:2003 has the status of a British Standard ICS 71.100.80 BS EN 974:2003 This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and
2、 Strategy Committee on 6 February 2004 BSI 6 February 2004 ISBN 0 580 43379 X National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 974:2003. It supersedes BS EN 974:1997 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee
3、 CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Additional information Article 10 of the Council of the European Community Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water i
4、ntended for human consumption requires Member States to ensure that substances and materials (including associated impurities) used in the preparation of drinking water do not remain in treated water at concentrations that are higher than necessary or that would reduce the protection of public healt
5、h provided for in the Directive. This requirement is given effect in England and Wales by regulation 25 of the Water supply (water quality) regulations 1989 (similar provisions apply in Scotland and Northern Ireland). Regulation 25 makes provision for attaching conditions of use to chemicals and fil
6、ter media that are authorized for use in public water supplies. Details of conditions of use are contained in the List of products and processes approved under regulations 25 and 26 for use in connection with the supply of water for drinking, washing, cooking and food production purposes published b
7、y the Drinking Water Inspectorate, Floor 2/A1, Ashdown House, 123 Victoria Street, London SW1 6DE (www.dwi.gov.uk). Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled
8、“International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance wit
9、h a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related internat
10、ional and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was l
11、ast issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN974 October2003 ICS71.100.80 SupersedesEN974:1997 Englishversion Chemicalsusedfortreatmentofwaterintendedforhuman consumptionPhosphoricacid Produitschimiquesutilisspourletraitementd
12、eleau destinelaconsommationhumaineAcidephosphorique ProduktezurAufbereitungvonWasserfrden menschlichenGebrauchPhosphorsure ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon12September2003. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardt
13、hestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nsla
14、tion undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,N
15、orway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUn ited Kingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2003CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers.
16、 Ref.No.EN974:2003EEN974:2003(E) 2 Contents page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normativereferences 5 3 Description .5 4 Puritycriteria. .7 5 Testmethods 8 6 LabellingTransportationStorage 14 AnnexA (informative) Generalinformationonphosphoricacid16 AnnexB (normative) Generalrulesrelatingtosa
17、fety .17 AnnexC (informative) Determinationofconcentrationbymeasurementofdensity.18 Bibliography 20EN974:2003(E) 3 Foreword ThisdocumentEN974:2003hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC164“Watersupply”,the secretariatofwhichisheldbyAFNOR. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandar
18、d,eitherbypublicationofanidentical textorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyApril2004,andconflictingnationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthe latestbyApril2004. ThisdocumentsupersedesEN974:1997. SignificanttechnicaldifferencesbetweenthisstandardanEN974:1997areasfollows: a) referencetoISO4285forsamplingandISO29
19、97fordeterminationofcontentofsulfuricacid; b) takingintoaccountofnewEUDirective98/83/EC; c) inclusionofmorereliabledataintableC.1. AnnexesAandCareinformative. AnnexBisnormative. ThisdocumentincludesaBibliography. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsofthefoll
20、owing countriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark, Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands, Norway,Portugal,Slovakia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom.EN974:2003(E) 4 Introduction Inrespectofpotenti
21、aladverseeffectsonthequalityofwaterintendedforhumanconsumption,causedbythe productcoveredbythisStandard: a) thisStandardprovidesnoinformationastowhethertheproductmaybeusedwithoutrestrictioninanyof theMemberStatesoftheEUorEFTA; b) itshouldbenotedthat,whileawaitingtheadoptionofverifiableEuropeancriter
22、ia,existingnational regulationsconcerningtheuseand/orthecharacteristicsofthisproductremaininforce. NOTE Conformitywiththisstandarddoesnotconferorimplyacceptanceorapprovaloftheproductinanyofthe MemberStatesoftheEUorEFTA.TheuseoftheproductcoveredbythisEuropeanStandardissubjecttoregulationor controlbyN
23、ationalAuthorities.EN974:2003(E) 5 1Scope ThisEuropeanStandardisapplicabletophosphoricacidusedfortreatmentofwaterintendedforhuman consumption.Itdescribesthecharacteristicsandspecifiestherequirementsandthecorrespondingtest methodsforphosphoricacid.Itgivesinformationonitsuseinwatertreatment.Italsodete
24、rminestherules relatingtosafehandlinganduse(seeannexB). 2 Normativereferences ThisEuropeanStandardincorporatesbydatedorundatedreference,provisionsfromotherpublications. Thesenormativereferencesarecitedattheappropriateplacesinthetext,andthepublicationsarelisted hereafter.Fordatedreferences,subsequent
25、amendmentstoorrevisionsofanyofthesepublicationsapplyto thisEuropeanStandardonlywhenincorporatedinitbyamendmentorrevision.Forundatedreferencesthe latesteditionofthepublicationreferredtoapplies(includingamendments). ENISO3696, WaterforanalyticallaboratoryuseSpecificationandtestmethods(ISO3696:1987) .
26、ISO2997,PhosphoricacidforindustrialuseDeterminationofsulfatecontentMethodbyreductionand titrimetry. ISO3165, SamplingofchemicalproductsforindustrialuseSafetyinsampling . ISO3706,Phosphoricacidforindustrialuse(includingfoodstuffs)Determinationoftotalphosphorus(V) oxidecontentQuinolinephosphomolybdate
27、gravimetricmethod . ISO4285, PhosphoricacidforindustrialuseGuidetosamplingtechniques. ISO5993,SodiumhydroxideforindustrialuseDeterminationofmercurycontentFlamelessatomic absorptionspectrometricmethod . ISO6206, ChemicalproductsforindustrialuseSamplingVocabulary . ISO63532, Reagentsforchemicalanalysi
28、sPart2:SpecificationsFirstseries . 3Description 3.1Identification 3.1.1 Chemicalname Phosphoricacid. 3.1.2 Synonymorcommonname Orthophosphoricacid. 3.1.3 Relativemolecularmass 98. 3.1.4 Empiricalformula H 3 PO 4EN974:2003(E) 6 3.1.5 Chemicalformula H 3 PO 4 3.1.6 CASRegistryNumber 1) 7664382. 3.1.7
29、EINECSreference 2) 2316332. 3.2 Commercialform Phosphoricacidissuppliedasaconcentratedsolution. 3.3 Physicalproperties 3.3.1Appearance Theproductisa clearsyrupyliquid. 3.3.2Density 1,57g/mlat20Cforphosphoricacidconcentrationofmassfractionof75%. 1,69g/mlat20Cforphosphoricacidconcentrationofmassfracti
30、onof85%. 3.3.3 Solubilityinwater Theproductismiscibleatallconcentrations. 3.3.4Vapour pressure Below3Paat20C. 3.3.5 Boilingpointat100kPa 3) 135Cforphosphoricacidconcentrationofmassfractionof75%. 158Cforphosphoricacidconcentrationofmassfractionof85%. 3.3.6 Meltingpoint 20Cforphosphoricacidconcentrati
31、onofmassfractionof75%. +21Cforphosphoricacidconcentrationofmassfractionof85%. 1) ChemicalAbstractsServiceRegistryNumber. 2) EuropeanInventoryofExistingCommercialChemicalSubstances. 3) 100kPa=1bar.EN974:2003(E) 7 3.3.7Specific heat 2,27kJ/kg.Kat20Cforphosphoricacidconcentrationofmassfractionof75%. 2,
32、07kJ/kg.Kat20Cforphosphoricacidconcentrationofmassfractionof85%. 3.3.8 Viscositydynamic Atroomtemperaturephosphoricacidisasyrupyliquid.Itsviscositydependsontemperature. Theviscosityofamassfractionof75%solutionofphosphoricacidat20Cis22mPa.s. Theviscosityofamassfractionof85%solutionofphosphoricacid at
33、20Cis48mPa.s. 3.3.9 Criticaltemperature Notapplicable. 3.3.10 Criticalpressure Notapplicable. 3.3.11Physicalhardness Notapplicable. 3.4 Chemicalproperties Phosphoricacidisastrongacid.Asolutionof1g/lphosphoricacidhasapHvalueof1.Concentrated phosphoricacidreactsviolentlywithbases,nitrates,chlorates,su
34、lfites. 4 Puritycriteria 4.1General ThisEuropeanStandardspecifiestheminimumpurityrequirementsforphosphoricacidusedforthetreatment ofwaterintendedforhumanconsumption.Limitsaregivenforimpuritiescommonlypresentintheproduct. Dependingontherawmaterialandthemanufacturingprocessotherimpuritiesmaybepresenta
35、nd,ifso,this shallbenotifiedtotheuserandwhennecessarytorelevantauthorities. NOTE Usersofthisproductshouldsatisfythemselvesthatitisofappropriatepurityfortreatmentofwaterintended forhumanconsumption,takingintoaccountrawwaterquality,requireddosage,contentsofotherimpuritiesandadditives usedintheproducts
36、notstatedintheproductstandard,andotherrelevantfactors. Limitshavebeengivenforimpuritiesandchemicalsparameterswherethesearelikelytobepresentin significantquantitiesfromthecurrentproductionprocessandrawmaterials.Iftheproductionprocessorraw materialsleadtosignificantquantitiesofimpurities,byproductsora
37、dditivesbeingpresent,thisshallbe notifiedtotheuser. 4.2 Compositionofcommercialproduct Theusualcommercialconcentrationsofphosphoricacidhaveamassfractionof75%,80%or85%. Ifsoldasconcentratedacid,thephosphoricacidcontentshallnotbelessthanamassfractionof75%.EN974:2003(E) 8 Theconcentrationofphosphoricac
38、idshallbewithinamassfractionof 1%ofthemanufacturersdeclared value. 4.3 Chemicalparametersandindicatorparameters TheproductshallconformtotherequirementsspecifiedinTable1. Table1Chemicalparametersandindicatorparameters Parameter LimitinH 3 PO 4 (mg/kg) Sulfuricacid(H 2 SO 4 ) max 500 Iron(Fe) max 20 A
39、ntimony(Sb) max 4 Arsenic(As) max 2 Cadmium(Cd) max 0,5 Chromium(Cr) max 4 Lead(Pb) max 4 Mercury(Hg) max 0,5 Nickel(Ni) max 4 Selenium(Se) max 1 NOTE Forparametricvaluesofphosphoricacidontracemetalcontentindrinking water,see1. 5Test methods 5.1Sampling ObservethegeneralrecommendationsinISO3165andta
40、keaccountofISO6 206. PreparethelaboratorysamplerequiredbytherelevantprocedureinaccordancewithISO4285. 5.2Analyses 5.2.1General Allreagentsshallbeofarecognizedanalyticalgradeandthewaterusedshallconformtotheappropriate gradespecifiedinENISO3696. 5.2.2 Phosphoricacid(mainproduct) Theconcentrationofphos
41、phoricacid(H 3 PO 4 )shallbedeterminedinaccordancewithISO3706. NOTE1 TheratioH 3 PO 4 / 2 1 (P 2 O 5 )=1,381bymass. NOTE2 Forroutinepurposesthephosphoricacid concentrationcanbedeterminedfrommeasurementofthedensity, asdescribedinannexC.EN974:2003(E) 9 5.2.3 Chemicalparametersandindicatorparameters 5.
42、2.3.1 Determinationofiron(Fe) ThecontentsofironshallbedeterminedinaccordancewithISO63532,R22(AAS). 5.2.3.2 Determinationofmetals 5.2.3.2.1General ThecontentofmetalsshallbedeterminedusingtheproceduresspecifiedinTable2. Table2Proceduresforthedeterminationofmetals Element Reference Method Wavelength nm
43、 Flame As see5.2.3.2.3 HydrideAAS 193,7 n.a. Sb see5.2.3.2.3 HydrideAAS 217,6 n.a. Cd see5.2.3.2.2 AAS 228,8 airacetylene Cr see5.2.3.2.2 AAS 357,8 airacetylene Pb see5.2.3.2.2 AAS 217,0or283,3 airacetylene Ni see5.2.3.2.2 AAS 232,0 Oxidizing airacetylene Se see5.2.3.2.3 HydrideAAS 196,0 n.a. Hg ina
44、ccordancewithISO5993 flamelessAAS 253,6 n.a. AAS=atomicabsorptionspectrometry. n.a.=notapplicable. 5.2.3.2.2 Determinationofcadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),lead(Pb)andnickel(Ni) 5.2.3.2.2.1Principle Theelementscadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),lead(Pb)andnickel(Ni)aredeterminedusingatomicabsorption spectrometrywiththestandardadditionstechnique. 5.2.3.2.2.2Reagents 5.2.3.2.2.2.1 Standardsolution (100 m
