1、BS EN 14490:2010ICS 93.020NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDExecution of specialgeotechnical works Soil nailingThis British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2010 BSI 2010ISBN 978 0
2、 580 53561 1Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 14490:2010National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 14490:2010. Itpartially supersedes BS 8006:1995 which is currently being revised in order to remove conflicting material and to include technic
3、al updates. In the meantime, where conflict exists between the two standards, the provisions of BS EN 14490 take precedence.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/526/4, Strengthened/reinforced soils and other fills.A list of organizations represented on this c
4、ommittee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPE
5、NNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 14490 June 2010 ICS 93.020 English Version Execution of special geotechnical works - Soil nailing Excution des travaux gotechniques spciaux - Clouage Ausfhrung von Arbeiten im Spezialtiefbau - Bodenvernagelung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 25 April 2010. CEN me
6、mbers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applica
7、tion to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has
8、 the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Po
9、land, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by
10、 any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14490:2010: EBS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:2010 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms, definitions and symbols .54 Information needed for the execution of the works .85 Geotechnical investigation .96 Mate
11、rials and products 107 Design considerations . 148 Execution . 169 Supervision, testing and monitoring 2410 Records 2811 Special requirements . 29Annex A (informative) Practical aspects of soil nailing . 31Annex B (informative) Aspects of design 43Annex C (informative) Testing of soil nail systems 5
12、0Annex D (informative) Degree of obligation of the specifications 59Bibliography . 68BS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14490:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 288 “Execution of special geotechnical works”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Th
13、is European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2010. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some o
14、f the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The remit of CEN/TC 288 is the standardisation of the execution procedures for geotechnical works (including testing and control method
15、s) and of the required material properties. CEN/TC 288/WG 13 has been charged with the preparation of EN 14490 in the subject area of soil nailing. The document has been prepared to stand alongside EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design. “Design considerations“ of this European Standard deals on
16、ly with those matters which should be taken into account during the execution stage of soil nailing so that the design of the soil nailing system may be fulfilled. This European Standard, however, provides full coverage of the construction and supervision requirements. This European Standard has bee
17、n drafted by a working group comprising delegates from ten countries and the comments of these countries have been taken into account. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Aus
18、tria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
19、 BS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard establishes general principles for the execution, testing, supervision and monitoring of soil nailing. 1.2 Soil nailing is a construction technique, used to enhance/maintain the stability of a soil mass by installation of reinfo
20、rcing elements (soil nails). Typical examples of soil nailing are given in Annex A. 1.3 The scope of soil nailing applications considered in this European Standard includes the installation and testing of soil nails and associated operations, required when stabilising existing and newly cut slopes a
21、nd faces in soil, existing earth retaining structures, embankments, existing tunnels and the excavated facing of new tunnels in soil. 1.4 Soil nailing may be used to form part of a hybrid construction. This European Standard is relevant only to the soil nailing aspect of such constructions. 1.5 Tech
22、niques, such as reinforcement of ground by vertical inclusions (sheet piles, bored or driven piles, or other elements) and stabilisation with rock bolts, prestressed ground anchors or tensions piles are not covered by this European Standard. 1.6 Guidance on practical aspects of soil nailing and aspe
23、cts on design, durability and testing is given in informative Annexes A, B and C, respectively. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest e
24、dition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 196-1, Methods of testing cement Part 1: determination of strength EN 197-1, Cement Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 206-1, Concrete Part 1: Specification performance, production
25、 and conformity EN 1537, Execution of special geotechnical work Ground anchors EN 1992-1-1, Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1997-1:2004, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical design Part 1: General rules EN 1997-2:2007, Eurocode 7 Geotechnical design P
26、art 2: Ground investigation and testing EN 10025-2, Hot rolled products of structural steels Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for non-alloy structural steels EN 10079, Definition of steel products EN 10080, Steel for the reinforcement of concrete Weldable reinforcing steel General EN 10138 (all
27、 parts), Prestressing steels EN 10210 (all parts), Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels EN 10219 (all parts), Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels BS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:2010 (E) 5 EN 10244 (all parts), Steel wire an
28、d wire products Non-ferrous metallic coatings on steel wire EN 10245 (all parts), Steel wire and wire products Organic coatings on steel wire EN 13251:2000, Geotextiles and geotextile-related products Characteristics required for use in earthworks, foundations and retaining structures EN 13670, Exec
29、ution of concrete structures EN 14487-1, Sprayed concrete Part 1: Definitions, specifications and conformity EN 14488 (all parts), Testing sprayed concrete EN ISO 1461, Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles Specifications and test methods (ISO 1461:2009) 3 Terms, definiti
30、ons and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 bearing plate fr: plaque dappui de: Kopfplatte plate connected to the head of the soil nail to transfer a component of load from the facing or directly from the ground surfac
31、e to the soil nail 3.1.2 design life fr: dure de service de: Entwurfslebensdauer service life in years required by the design 3.1.3 drainage system fr: systme de drainage de: Drnagesystem series of drains, drainage layers or other means to control surface and ground water 3.1.4 facing fr: parement d
32、e: Frontausbildung covering to the exposed face of the reinforced ground that may provide a stabilising function to retain the ground between soil nails, provide erosion protection and have an aesthetic function 3.1.5 facing drainage fr: drainage de parement de: Drnage der Frontausbildung system of
33、drains used to control water behind the facing BS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:2010 (E) 6 3.1.6 facing system fr: systme de parement de: Frontausbildungssystem assemblage of facing units used to produce a finished facing of reinforced ground 3.1.7 facing unit fr: lment de parement de: Frontausbildungseleme
34、nt discrete element used to construct the facing 3.1.8 flexible facing fr: parement flexible de: bedingt nachgiebige Frontausbildung flexible covering which assists in containing soil between the nails 3.1.9 ground fr: terrain de: Baugrund soil, rock and fill existing in place prior to the execution
35、 of the construction works 3.1.10 hard facing fr: parement rigide de: starre Frontausbildung stiff covering, for example sprayed concrete, precast concrete section or cast in-situ concrete 3.1.11 production nail fr: clou de louvrage de: Bauwerksnagel soil nail which forms part of the completed soil
36、nail structure 3.1.12 reinforcing element fr: lment de renforcement de: Bewehrungselement generic term for reinforcing inclusions inserted into ground 3.1.13 reinforced ground fr: massif renforc, sol clou de: bewehrter Boden ground that is reinforced by the insertion of reinforcing elements 3.1.14 s
37、acrificial nail fr: clou sacrificiel de: Sondernagel soil nail installed in the same way as the production nails, solely to establish the pullout capacity but not forming part of the soil nail structure BS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:2010 (E) 7 3.1.15 soft facing fr: parement souple de: vollkommen nachgie
38、bige Frontausbildung soft facing has only a short-term function to provide topsoil stability while vegetation becomes established 3.1.16 soil nail fr: clou de: Bodennagel reinforcing element installed into the ground, usually at a sub-horizontal angle, that mobilises resistance with the soil along i
39、ts entire length 3.1.17 soil nail construction fr: ouvrage en sol clou de: Vernagelungsbauwerk work that incorporates soil nails, and can have a facing and/or a drainage system 3.1.18 soil nail system fr: systme de clouage de sol de: Bodennagelsystem reinforcing element which may include joints and
40、couplings, centralisers, spacers, grouts and corrosion protection 3.1.19 test nail fr: clou dessai de: Prfnagel nail installed by the same method as the production nails for the purpose of verifying the pullout capacity and durability, and could be forming a part of the structure 3.1.20 proof load f
41、r: chargement dessai de: Prflast load applied in the testing 3.2 Symbols 3.2.1 Agtelongation of a metallic reinforcement. 3.2.2 fyyield strength of steel. 3.2.3 Ldbdebonded nail length. 3.2.4 ppproof load (maximum load to which the nail is subjected during the test). 3.2.5 Podatum load. 3.2.6 Rtload
42、 at which pullout failure occurs. 3.2.7 Rt,k characteristic value of the structural tensile resistance of the test soil nail or any of the extension pieces. 3.2.8 Rt0.1,kcharacteristic value of the 0,1 % yield resistance of the test soil nail or any of the extension pieces. BS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:
43、2010 (E) 8 3.2.9 s1, s2measured nail displacement at time t1and t2respectively. 3.2.10 srresidual nail displacement. 3.2.11 soinitial nail displacement. 3.2.12 t1, t2measurements taken at time t1andt2.4 Information needed for the execution of the works 4.1 General 4.1.1 Prior to the execution of the
44、 work, all necessary information shall be provided, requirements (in accordance with EN 1997-1) in particular, but not limited to the following: a) details of the soil nailing project and the construction sequence and programme; b) site investigation report, incorporating geotechnical classification
45、 and engineering properties of the ground in which the soil nails are to be located; c) information regarding all other boundary conditions, including underground services, existing foundations (and their sensitivity) and requirements relevant to the location and performance of the soil nails; d) de
46、tails of ownership of the ground into which the soil nails are to be installed; e) details of any agreement required to gain access to ground into which the soil nails are to be installed. 4.1.2 The information regarding the site conditions shall cover: a) site investigation data about the ground co
47、nditions for execution of the soil nailing works according to EN 1997-1 and EN 1997-2; b) the geometry of the site (boundary conditions, topography, access, slopes, headroom restrictions); c) the existing surface of underground structures, services, known contamination and archaeological constraints
48、; d) the environmental restrictions, including noise, vibration, pollution; e) the future ongoing activities, such as de-watering, tunnelling, deep excavations; f) where the site may be subject to tidal working or flooding, cold climatic conditions or allied restrictions, details of such restriction
49、s; g) details of expected groundwater levels, perched water levels and fluctuations; h) the conditions of buildings, roads and services adjacent to the work, including any necessary surveys. 4.2 Special features 4.2.1 Design aspects shall cover, where relevant: a) definition of the Geotechnical Category and the design life of the works; b) assessment of the site investigation data with respect to the design assumptions; BS EN 14490:2010EN 14490:2010 (E) 9 c) overall design
