1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 14653-2:2005 Manually operated hydraulic shoring systems for groundwork support Part 2: Assessment by calculation or test The European Standard EN 14653-2:2005 has the status of a British Standard ICS 93.020 BS EN 14653-2:2005 This British Standard was published under the auth
2、ority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 5 May 2005 BSI 5 May 2005 ISBN 0 580 45962 4 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 14653-2:2005. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/514, Access and sup
3、port equipment, to Subcommittee B/514/29, Trench support systems, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications refer
4、red to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provis
5、ions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation,
6、or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover.
7、The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN146532 April2005 ICS93.020 Englishversion Manuallyoperatedhydraulicshoringsystemsforgroundwork s
8、upportPart2:Assessmentbycalculationortest ComposantsdesblindagesdetranchesPartie2:Essais etvaluation ManuellgesteuertehydraulischeGrabenverbaugerteTeil 2:NachweisdurchBerechnungoderPrfung ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon28February2005. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegula
9、tionswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheCentralSecretariatortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversio
10、ns(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheCentralSecretariathasthesamestatusast heofficial versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,Cyprus,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Estonia,Finland,
11、France, Germany,Greece,Hungary,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Latvia,Lithuania,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Poland,Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeSt
12、assart,36B1050Brussels 2005CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN146532:2005:EEN 14653-2:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions5 4 Symbols 5 5 Requirements .5 6 Assessm
13、ent by calculation.6 7 Assessment by testing6 Annex A (informative) Example for the statistical evaluation of test results 10 Bibliography 12 EN 14653-2:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14653-2:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 53 “Temporary works equipment”, the secretariat
14、 of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2005. This European Standard
15、with the general title Manually operated hydraulic shoring systems for groundwork support consists of the following parts: Part 1: Product specifications Part 2: Assessment by calculation or test These standards are to be read in conjunction with EN 12811-2 and EN 12811-3. This document includes a B
16、ibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Ital
17、y, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 14653-2:2005 (E) 4 Introduction Manually operated hydraulic shoring systems comprise prefabricated equipment to support sheeting to the sides of excav
18、ations. This document covers two types of equipment whose adjustment is by hydraulic or a combination of hydraulic and mechanical means: a) hydraulic bracing frames; b) hydraulic waler frames. A variety of components exist which when assembled forms a full system. The instruction manual provides all
19、 the necessary information in the safe use of the systems. The prefabricated components are used to make frame assemblies of different dimensions and structural capacities. This equipment is frequently used in conjunction with supplementary equipment, e.g. knee braces and intermediate hydraulic brac
20、ing struts. EN 14653-2:2005 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies methods of calculation and test to assess the conformity of manually operated hydraulic systems for groundwork support whose performance is specified in EN 14653-1. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispe
21、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials Tensile testing Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature EN
22、 10204, Metallic products Types of inspection documents EN 12811-3:2002, Temporary works equipment Part 3: Load testing EN 146531:2005, Manually operated hydraulic shoring systems for groundwork support Part 1: Product specifications ENV 1993-1-1:1992, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures Part 1-1
23、: General rules and rules for buildings ENV 1999-1-1, Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Part 1-1: General rules General rules and rules for buildings EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials Brinell hardness test Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:1999) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of thi
24、s document, the terms and definitions given in EN 146531:2005 apply. 4 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in EN 14653-1:2005 and EN 12811-3:2002 apply. 5 Requirements 5.1 General All manually operated hydraulic shoring systems and components and their associated instruction
25、 manuals shall be assessed to ensure conformity to all of the requirements of EN 14653-1. 5.2 Structural configurations to be assessed Manually operated hydraulic shoring systems and components shall be assessed under the structural configurations, that will induce the most severe loading effects sp
26、ecified by the manufacturer. EN 14653-2:2005 (E) 6 5.3 Loading configurations to be considered Manually operated hydraulic shoring systems shall be assessed all under the loading configurations specified in EN 14653-1:2005, 7.4. 5.4 Testing or calculation 5.4.1 Assessment shall be carried out by cal
27、culation in accordance with ENV 1993-1-1 (Eurocode 3) for steel or ENV 1999-1-1 (Eurocode 9) for aluminium. For cast iron ENV 1993-1-1 shall be used, subject to 6.2 of EN 14653-1:2005. When appropriate calculation models are not available, structural testing shall be undertaken. 5.4.2 Assessment sha
28、ll be carried out by structural testing for the following circumstances: a) when a calculation model is not available to represent a particular structural component or assembly; b) when there is a degree of uncertainty in the validity of the model chosen; c) when verification of structural performan
29、ces is required by EN 14653-1. The following shall be assessed by structural testing: 1) the axial compressive resistance of hydraulic waler struts with spigot type extension bars as defined in EN 14653-1:2005, 3.13.1 c). 2) the axial compressive resistance of rams and struts with restraints conditi
30、ons not conforming to those described in EN 14653-1:2005, 8.5. 3) mechanical locking mechanisms on waler struts as defined in EN 14653-1:2005, 3.12.1. 4) Non-proprietary valves as defined in EN 14653-1:2005, 8.8. 6 Assessment by calculation The internal forces and moments shall be calculated using e
31、lastic analysis methods. No plastic redistribution of moments and forces are permitted. The influence of the deflections on the internal forces and moments shall be determined either by using second order analysis or first order analysis combined with a provision for second order effects. NOTE This
32、is of particular importance when assessing hydraulic bracing legs for the combined effects of bending and axial load. 7 Assessment by testing 7.1 General Unless otherwise stated in 7.2 and 7.3, structural testing shall take account of EN 12811-3. 7.2 Examination of material properties When available
33、 the relevant material properties shall be taken from 3.1.B certificates (in accordance with EN 10204). Hardness tests in accordance with EN ISO 6506-1 shall be performed on 20 % of the components under test in order to confirm that they are the materials declared in the 3.1.B certificates. EN 14653
34、-2:2005 (E) 7 If 3.1.B. certificates are not available, yield strength, tensile strength and fracture elongation shall be established in tensile tests of the relevant materials in accordance with EN 10002-1. 7.3 Test procedures 7.3.1 Structural tests for hydraulic waler struts and for rams 7.3.1.1 P
35、rinciple The value of the characteristic compression resistance R kcis determined or verified. 7.3.1.2 Apparatus The test apparatus shall be any calibrated hydraulic testing machine capable of: a) accepting the sample size; b) delivering a force in excess of that predicted at failure. 7.3.1.3 Proced
36、ure The procedure shall take the following points into account: a) compression tests shall be carried out in which the load is applied until failure, the point at which no further increase in load is possible, is reached. Alternatively, if reaching failure of the component is not required, the test
37、shall cease where a load value is reached that satisfies the design requirements determined in EN 14653-1. Tests shall be carried out by force controlled methods only; b) the test load shall either be applied in increments not exceeding 20 % of the estimated failure load, or alternatively load shall
38、 be applied continuously at a constant rate not exceeding 20 % of the estimated failure load per minute; c) axial, and lateral deflections shall be monitored at the point at which their greatest values are expected to occur. All displacements shall be plotted on force-displacement diagrams; d) the s
39、pecimens shall be mounted horizontally in the test apparatus. End conditions shall closely represent those likely to occur when in use. The waler struts shall be mounted in sections of waler rail; e) only screws, bolts, nuts and pins that are specified in the instruction manual shall be used to conn
40、ect components. Screws, bolts, and nuts shall be tightened to the specified torques; f) where it is necessary to test the specimens in a vertical plane, a horizontal load equal to half the combined weight of the strut and extension bars shall be applied to the centre of the strut assembly before and
41、 during the test; g) where one value is to be declared for the full operating range of the hydraulic waler strut or ram, the test configuration shall be with the ram or strut fully extended with the maximum permitted number of extension bars fitted. Where a range of values are to be declared over th
42、e operating range of the strut or ram, (or a load curve produced), tests shall be carried out on a total of four strut lengths throughout the operating range. In the case of struts with fewer than four extension bars, tests shall be carried out at each incremental length with the strut or ram at its
43、 maximum extension. Where only one characteristic value for a system is to be used, the tests shall be carried out on the longest strut length only; EN 14653-2:2005 (E) 8 h) all tests shall be carried out with the hydraulic portion of the hydraulic waler strut or ram extended to 95 % of its stroke a
44、t the start of the test; i) hydraulic rams shall be cycled between end positions several times until smooth operation occurs in order to expel any air within the cylinder prior to expanding it to the test length; j) prior to the test, a load equal to 50 % of the predicted characteristic load shall b
45、e applied and removed in order to bed down each specimen onto the test rig. 7.3.2 Tests for members subject to bending and axial load If tests are to be carried out on structural members of components to assess conformity with EN 14653-1, the general planning and form of these tests shall follow the
46、 recommendations specified in ENV 1993-1-1:2005, Annex Y. 7.3.3 Tests for hydraulic waler strut mechanical locking devices 7.3.3.1 Principle The adequacy of hydraulic waler strut mechanical locking devices to retain the load is examined from the test procedure described in 7.3.3.3. 7.3.3.2 Apparatus
47、 The test apparatus shall be any calibrated hydraulic testing machine capable of: a) accepting the sample of size; b) delivering a force in excess of that predicted at failure. 7.3.3.3 Procedure The procedure shall be as follows: a) compression tests shall be carried out in which a load equivalent t
48、o the test load is applied and held. Hydraulic failure shall then be simulated in order to actuate the mechanical device; b) tests shall be carried out by force control methods only; c) the specimen shall be either mounted horizontally or vertically in the test apparatus; d) tests shall be carried out on a minimum of three struts; e) the hydraulic ram shall be cycled between end positions until smooth operation is achieved; f) all the tests shall be carried out with the hydraulic portion of the strut extended to 95 % of its stroke at the start of the test;
