1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15074:2014Chemicals used for treatmentof swimming pool water OzoneBS EN 15074:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15074:2014. Itsupersedes BS EN 15074:2006 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation
2、 was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee CII/59, Chemicals for drinking water treatment.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its c
3、orrectapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 85501 6ICS 13.060.25; 71.100.80Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Polic
4、y and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15074:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15074 November 2014 ICS 71.100.80 Supersedes EN 15074:2006English Version Chemicals used for treatment of swimming pool water - Ozone
5、 Produits chimiques utiliss pour le traitement de leau des piscines - Ozone Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Schwimm- und Badebeckenwasser - Ozon This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 September 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate th
6、e conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard
7、 exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the nationa
8、l standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak
9、ia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means
10、reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15074:2014 EBS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 4 Introduction .5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Description .6 3.1 Identification .6 3.1.1 Chemical name .6 3.1.2 Synonym or common name 6 3.1.3 Relative molecular m
11、ass .6 3.1.4 Empirical formula.6 3.1.5 Chemical formula .6 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number .6 3.1.7 EINECS reference 6 3.2 Commercial form .6 3.3 Physical properties 6 3.3.1 Appearance 6 3.3.2 Density 7 3.3.3 Solubility in water 7 3.3.4 Vapour pressure 7 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa 8 3.3.6 Melting poin
12、t .8 3.3.7 Specific heat (liquid) 8 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) .8 3.3.9 Critical temperature .8 3.3.10 Critical pressure.8 3.3.11 Physical hardness .8 3.4 Chemical properties 8 4 Purity criteria 9 4.1 Composition of product 9 4.2 Impurities and main by-products .9 5 Test methods 9 5.1 Sampling .9 5.2
13、 Analyses 10 5.2.1 General . 10 5.2.2 Principle . 10 5.2.3 Reagents 10 5.2.4 Apparatus 11 5.2.5 Procedure 11 5.2.6 Expression of results . 11 5.2.7 Accuracy 11 5.2.8 Precautions . 12 6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage . 12 6.1 Labelling 12 6.2 Risk and safety labelling according to the EU Legisl
14、ation 12 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling . 12 6.4 Marking 12 6.5 Material acceptable for contact with ozone . 12 6.6 Stability 12 BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 3 Annex A (informative) General information on ozone . 14 Annex B (normative) General rules relating to safety . 16 Bibliog
15、raphy 17 BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15074:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an iden
16、tical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held respons
17、ible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 15074:2006. Significant technical difference between this edition and EN 15074:2006 is as follows: copy of Clause 3, Description, and Clause 5, Test methods, from EN 1278:2010 1; updating of Subclause 6.2 in line with cu
18、rrent legislation. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Mac
19、edonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 5 Introduction In respect of poten
20、tial adverse effects on the quality of water for swimming pools, caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the products may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted
21、that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of these products remain in force. NOTE 1 Conformity with the European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the products in any of the
22、 Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities. NOTE 2 Ozone is a biocide product according to the regulation (EU) No 528/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2012 concerni
23、ng the making available on the market and use of biocidal products. BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to ozone used for treatment of water for swimming pools. It describes the composition of ozone. It gives information on its use in swimming pool water
24、treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use (see Annex B). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. F
25、or undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methods (ISO 3696) 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Ozone. 3.1.2 Synonym or common name None (has som
26、etimes been called improperly “allotropic oxygen”). 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 48. 3.1.4 Empirical formula O3. 3.1.5 Chemical formula O3. 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number1)10028-15-6. 3.1.7 EINECS reference2)Not applicable. 3.2 Commercial form Ozone is generated on or near the site of use. 3.3 Physical
27、properties 3.3.1 Appearance 1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 7 Bluish gas; the liquid is dark blue. NOTE A weak absorption in the visual range between 435 nm and 475 nm. 3.3.2 Density Ga
28、s: 2,144 kg/m3at NTP (Normal Temperature Pressure, 273 K and 101,3 kPa); liquid: 1,574 g/ml at 183 C; solid: 1,728 g/cm3. 3.3.3 Solubility in water In pure water, the solubility values (S) expressed in grams per cubic meter water per (grams per cubic meter) gas at 101,3 kPa are given in Table 1. Tab
29、le 1 Solubility in water Temperature of water Solubility C S, in: gasm/gOHm/g3230 0,64 5 0,5 10 0,39 15 0,31 20 0,24 25 0,19 30 0,15 35 0,12 NOTE 1 Recent surveys of literature data are given in Bibliography. See 2, 3 and 4. NOTE 2 S is a ratio, not an absolute concentration. 3.3.4 Vapour pressure T
30、he vapour pressure of ozone depending on temperature is given in Table 2. BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 8 Table 2 Vapour pressure Temperature Vapour pressure C kPa - 183 0,014 7 - 180 0,028 - 170 0,188 - 160 0,897 - 150 3,306 - 140 9,892 - 130 25,331 - 120 56,928 - 110 115,322 - 100 2 139,079 3.
31、3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3) 112 C. NOTE Vaporization heat: 681 kJ/m3at NTP. 3.3.6 Melting point 196 C. 3.3.7 Specific heat (liquid) Not applicable. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) 0,004 2 Pa.s at 195 C; 0,001 55 Pa.s at 183 C. 3.3.9 Critical temperature 12,1 C. 3.3.10 Critical pressure 5 460 kPa. 3.3.1
32、1 Physical hardness Not applicable. 3.4 Chemical properties Ozone is a powerful oxidant. The standard redox potentials (25 C) are: 3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 9 (HEO-values in volts): O3+ 2H+ 2e- O2+ H2O HEO= 2,07 V (1) O3+ H2O + 2e- O2+ 2OH-HEO= 1,24 V (2) OH + H+ e- H2O H
33、EO= 2,42 V (calculated value) (3) If the pH increases by one unit, the EH-values shall decrease by 30 mV per electron transferred. At 100 kPa and 25 C and pH = 7 the EH-values, versus the normal hydrogen electrode, become: O3(1) = 1,66 V; O3(2) = 0,82 V; OH (3) = 2,21 V. In water treatment most of t
34、he direct reactions of ozone are dipolar cyclo-additions and electrophilic substitution reactions. Moreover ozone, in water, can generate radicals such as OH: (O3+ H2O 2 OH + O2). The OH radical is a strong general oxidant. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 Composition of product Typical concentrations obtainab
35、le in air are in the range of 15 g/m3to 45 g/m3at Normal Temperature and Pressure, 273 K and 101,3 kPa (NTP). The ozone concentration obtained under specified operating conditions shall be equal to or greater than the value declared by the manufacturer of the ozone generator. 4.2 Impurities and main
36、 by-products Traces of nitrogen oxides can be formed during ozone generation. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling Ozone generation is usually based on a continuous process gas flow mode positive pressure. Sampling of a volume is to be controlled with a totalizing volumetric flow meter, the volumes being exp
37、ressed at Normal Temperature and Pressure (NTP). In continuous monitoring methods the gas exit shall be open to ambient air or the gas pressure shall be controlled and the results corrected for effects of pressure. Sampling lines shall be in stainless steel or in polyfluorocarbone material resistant
38、 to ozone. The transfer of the gas from the sampling point to the analyser shall be kept shorter than 1 min. Expression of concentrations: concentration of ozone in a gas in g/m3(NTP), or kg/m3(NTP), and for traces in cm3/m3(equivalent to ppm as volume fraction). NOTE 1 1 g/m3(NTP) equals 466,4 106(
39、volume fraction) and 0,069 9 % (mass fraction) in oxygen or 0,077 3 % (mass fraction) in air. BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 10 NOTE 2 At conventional concentrations of about 20 g/m3(NTP), the effect of difference in gas densities between ozone and oxygen-nitrogen is negligible. This is not the c
40、ase when higher ozone concentrations are generated, i.e. in oxygen. 5.2 Analyses 5.2.1 General The present method concerns the determination of ozone in air, oxygen or other process gases. The method is directly applicable for ozone concentrations in the range of 1 g/m3to 200 g/m3(NTP). 5.2.2 Princi
41、ple Direct iodometric titration. 5.2.3 Reagents All reagents shall be of a recognized analytical grade and the water used shall conform to grade 2 in accordance with EN ISO 3696. 5.2.3.1 Potassium iodide (KI) buffered solution. Potassium iodide (KI) solution at 20 g/l with sodium hydrogen phoshate (
42、Na2HPO4.2 H2O) solution at 7,3 g/l and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) solution at 3,5 g/l. 5.2.3.2 Sodium thiosulfate: standard volumetric, solution c(Na2S2O3) = 0,1 mol/l. 5.2.3.3 Sulfuric acid, solution at 9 mol/l. 5.2.3.4 Potassium iodate (KIO3) powdered. 5.2.3.5 Potassium iodide (KI) cr
43、ystalline. 5.2.3.6 Hydrochloric acid standard volumetric solution c(HCl) = 0,1 mol/l or sulfuric acid c(H2SO4) = 0,05 mol/l. 5.2.3.7 Zinc iodide (ZnI2)-starch indicator. Disperse 4 g starch into a small quantity of water. Add the dispersion to a solution of 20 g zinc chloride (ZnCl2) in 100 ml water
44、. The solution is boiled until the volume has been reduced to 100 ml and finally diluted to 1 l while adding 2 g of ZnI2. 5.2.3.8 Standardization of sodium thiosulfate: 5.2.3.8.1 Reactions 5 KI + 5 H+5 HI + 5 K+(4) KIO3+ H+ HIO3+ K+ (5) HIO3+ 5 HI 3 I2+ 3 H2O (6) 3 I2+ 6 S2O32 6 I+ 3 S4O62- (7) 5.2.
45、3.8.2 Determination Add 0,05 g of potassium iodate (5.2.3.4), 0,5 g of potassium iodide (5.2.3.5) into 50 ml water and a further 50 ml water in a conical flask. After mixing, add 10 ml standard volumetric solution acid (5.2.3.6). Titrate the liberated iodine immediately with the sodium thiosulfate s
46、olution (5.2.3.2). BS EN 15074:2014EN 15074:2014 (E) 11 5.2.3.8.3 Calculation The concentration, ct, expressed in moles per litre, of the sodium thiosulfate solution is given by: =attcVcV(8) where cais the concentration, in moles per litre, of the acid (5.2.3.6); V is the volume, in millilitres, of
47、the acid (5.2.3.6); Vtis the volume, in millilitres, of the sodium thiosulfate solution used. 5.2.4 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus. 5.2.5 Procedure 5.2.5.1 Add the solution of potassium iodide (200 ml) to a standard gas washing vessel to give a depth of liquid of 10 cm to 15 cm. The use of
48、fritted gas bubblers is not recommended. 5.2.5.2 Connect a second identical flask in series as a guard to check the ozone transfer and reaction. 5.2.5.3 For ozone produced with air, bubble the process gas containing ozone at a flow rate of about 1 l/min until a total expected quantity of approximate
49、ly 1 mmol ozone (0,048 g) has passed. For process gases containing higher ozone concentration (100 g/m3to 200 g/m3(NTP), set the gas flow at the level to pass about 1 mmol of ozone. 5.2.5.4 Titrate the iodine formed in the flasks with the standard volumetric sodium thiosulfate solution (5.2.3.2) immediately after acidification with not less than 5 ml of the acidifying solution (5.2.3.3). After titration to a pale yellow colour, add 0,5 ml of starch indicator (5.2.3.7) and complete the titration and record the resu
