1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15210-2:2010Solid biofuels Determinationof mechanical durability ofpellets and briquettesPart 2: BriquettesLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011
2、 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15210-2:2010.It supersedes DD CEN/TS 15210-2:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/17, Solid bi
3、ofuels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 70587 8ICS 75.160.10Compliance with
4、 a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/
5、2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15210-2 November 2010 ICS 75.160.10 Supersedes CEN/TS 15210-2:2005English Version Solid biofuels - Determination of mechanical durability of pellets and briquettes - Part 2: Briquettes Biocom
6、bustibles solides - Mthodes de dtermination de la durabilit mcanique des granuls et des briquettes - Partie 2: Briquettes Feste Biobrennstoffe - Bestimmung der mechanischen Festigkeit von Pellets und Briketts - Teil 2: Briketts This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 September 2010. CEN mem
7、bers are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on applicat
8、ion to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Manage
9、ment Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherla
10、nds, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in
11、any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15210-2:2010: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010EN 15210-2:2010 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Term
12、s and definitions .44 Principle 45 Apparatus .45.1 Briquette tester 45.2 Sieve 55.3 Balance .66 Sample preparation .67 Procedure .68 Calculation 69 Test report 710 Precision and bias .7Bibliography 8Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS
13、 EN 15210-2:2010EN 15210-2:2010 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15210-2:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 335 “Solid biofuels”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
14、 text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible
15、for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 15210-2:2005. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
16、Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHI
17、NA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010EN 15210-2:2010 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard defines the requirements and method used for testing the mechanical durability of briquettes. It is applicable to persons and organisations that manufacture, plan, sell, e
18、rect or use machinery, equipment, tools and entire plants related to such briquettes, and to all persons and organisations involved in producing, purchasing, selling and utilising briquettes. The durability is the measure of the resistance of densified fuels towards shocks and/or abrasion as a conse
19、quence of handling and transportation processes. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an
20、y amendments) applies. EN 14588:2010, Solid biofuels Terminology, definitions and descriptions EN 14774-1:2009, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method Part 1: Total moisture Reference method EN 14774-2:2009, Solid biofuels Determination of moisture content Oven dry method P
21、art 2: Total moisture Simplified method CEN/TS 14778-1, Solid biofuels Sampling Part 1: Methods for sampling CEN/TS 14780, Solid biofuels Methods for sample preparation ISO 3310-1, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth 3 Terms and definitions For the
22、purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14588:2010 apply. 4 Principle The test sample is subjected to controlled shocks by collision of briquettes against each other and against the walls of a specified rotating test chamber. The durability is calculated from the mass of the
23、 sample remaining after separation of abraded and fine broken particles. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Briquette tester The durability drum is a cylindrical steel drum with a nominal volume of 160 l having the following dimensions (see Figure 1): a) Internal length, or depth: (598 8) mm; b) Internal diameter: (59
24、8 8) mm. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010EN 15210-2:2010 (E) 5 The drum shall be made of minimum 1 mm steel plate. The internal surface area of the drum shall be smooth and any disturbances of the surface such as ri
25、dges or furrows shall be avoided. The durability drum is equipped with a rectangular steel baffle having the following dimensions: c) Length: (598 8) mm; d) Height: (200 2) mm; e) Thickness: 1 mm. The baffle shall be welded on its length to the full height of the internal curved surface of the drum,
26、 parallel to the axis of the drum and perpendicular to the tangent of the curve. The baffle tip is sagged in a smooth curve to obtain a rim perpendicular to the baffle. The drum may be opened on one of the ends. This opening shall be fitted with a dustproof lid of the same diameter as the internal d
27、iameter of the drum (598 8) mm. When the lid is in position, it shall be approximately flush with the side of the cylinder. This lid shall be made of minimum 1 mm steel plate. It shall be possible to fasten the lid securely by four rotating bolts (or any other suitable mechanism) fixed on the extern
28、al part of the drum. The drum shall be capable of being constantly driven at (21 0,1) rpm by an electric motor, by suitable pulleys or gearings, in order to avoid vibrations. A rotation counter should be connected to the drum. The rotation counter may also be connected to the motor so that the latte
29、r is automatically switched off after a defined number of rotations. Dimensions in millimetres Key 1 Drum 2 Baffle 3 Motor Figure 1 Principle of the durability drum 5.2 Sieve Depending on the briquette diameter, a metal wire cloth conforming to ISO 3310-1 is chosen so that the aperture size is appro
30、ximately equivalent to 2/3 of the briquettes diameter or diagonal but not exceeding 45 mm. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010EN 15210-2:2010 (E) 6 5.3 Balance A balance capable of measuring the mass of the sample to t
31、he nearest 0,1 g. 6 Sample preparation The sample used for the determination of mechanical durability shall be taken and if necessary divided in mass according to CEN/TS 14778-1 and CEN/TS 14780. The size of the sample shall conform to the requirements of this document (depending on the nominal top
32、size) but shall be at least 25 kg. Divide the sample to obtain two parts: one to be used for moisture content determination (5 kg), the other for the mechanical durability test (5 4 kg = 20 kg). The moisture content as received shall be determined on a non-sieved sample simultaneously with the durab
33、ility test according to EN 14774-1:2009 or EN 14774-2:2009. The sample shall be tested at the moisture content as received. It shall be stored in airtight containers to avoid moisture changes. While the test is being conducted the sample shall be at room temperature. Cylindrical briquettes with a le
34、ngth over twice their diameter shall be cut to a length equivalent to twice their diameter. Oversize briquettes shall be cut down to size using a blade or a band saw. Cuts shall be at right angles to the axis of the briquette. Other shaped briquettes shall be tested as received. The minimum test por
35、tion shall be 2 kg, as many full briquette portions are added to exceed this limit. NOTE 1 The use of a single briquette portion with a minimum of 2 kg mass is acceptable. The sample shall not contain any small, broken particles. Small particles shall be separated from the sample by the use of the s
36、ieve mentioned in 5.2 or by sorting out briquettes manually. NOTE 2 The length of the briquette has an influence on the briquettes behaviour in the durability drum, and therefore on the mechanical durability. NOTE 3 The saw and type of teeth should be chosen to produce as smooth cut surface, consist
37、ent with the composition of the briquette under test. 7 Procedure A prepared test portion, of minimum (2 0,1) kg, is placed in the durability drum. Rotate the sample at (21 0,1) min-1for 5 min or for (105 0,5) rotations. Afterwards, the sample is passed through a sieve, with dimensions approximately
38、 equivalent to 2/3 of the diameter of the briquettes but not exceeding 45 mm. This sieve is selected from the series between 16 mm and 45 mm according to ISO 3310-1. The sieving is carried out by mechanical or manual oscillation during a period that allows a complete separation of the particles. NOT
39、E Attention is drawn to the fact that rough treatment during screening might influence the result. The sample remaining on the sieve shall be weighed and then the percentage of whole briquettes (particles remaining on the selected sieve) shall be calculated. Briquettes durability will be defined acc
40、ording to Clause 8. 8 Calculation The mechanical durability of briquettes shall be calculated using the following equation: Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010EN 15210-2:2010 (E) 7 100EA=mmDU where DU is the mechanical
41、 durability in percent (%); mEis the mass of pre-sieved briquettes before the drum treatment in grams (g); mAis the mass of sieved briquettes after the drum treatment in grams (g). Calculate the mean value from the results of the five replications and report to the nearest 0,1 %. 9 Test report The t
42、est report shall include at least the following information: identification of laboratory performing test and the date when the test was undertaken; identification of product (or sample) tested and the number of duplicates tested; a reference to this document; the result of the mechanical durability
43、 (as received) as mean value and the moisture content (as received); any unusual features noted during the determination; any operation not included in this document, or regarded as optional; shape and dimensions of the briquettes. Additional reporting (informative): the result of the mechanical dur
44、ability (as received) for all individual replications. 10 Precision and bias Because of the varying nature of solid biofuels covered by this document it is not possible at this time to give a precision statement (repeatability or reproducibility) for these test methods. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/
45、EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15210-2:2010EN 15210-2:2010 (E) 8 Bibliography 1 ASAE 269.4 DEC 96, Cubes, Pellets and Crumbles Definitions and Methods for Determining Density, Durability and Moisture Content 2 TEMMERMAN M., RABIER F., DAUGBJERG JENSEN P.,
46、 HARTMANN H., BHM T., 2006, Comparative study of durability test methods for pellets and briquettes, Biomass and Bioenergy, Vol. 30 (2006), p. 964-972, Pergamon Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIThis page deliberately left blankLicense
47、d Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 20/04/2011 08:52, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standardsand other standards-related publications, information and services. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the in
48、ternational level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter.British Standards Institution (BSI)raising standards worldwideBSI Group Headquarters389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UKTel +44 (0)20 8996 9001Fax +44 (0)20 8996 Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Stan-dards sho
49、uld make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and serv-ices. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity whileusing this British Standard would inform the Secretary of the technical com-mittee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside frontcover.Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001
