1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 15242:2007Ventilation for buildings Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltrationICS 91.140.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53
2、g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 15242:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 55014 0National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN
3、 15242:2008.With respect to the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) requirements, attention is drawn to the text of the fourth paragraph of the EN foreword. This recognizes at the present time that, if there is a conflict, existing national regulations take precedence over any requireme
4、nts set out in this standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RHE/2, Ventilation for buildings, heating and hot water services.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purp
5、ort to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1
6、5242May 2007ICS 91.140.30English VersionVentilation for buildings - Calculation methods for thedetermination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltrationVentilation des btiments - Mthodes de calcul pour ladtermination des dbits dair y compris les infiltrationsdans les btimentsLftung von Geb
7、uden - Berechnungsverfahren zurBestimmung der Luftvolumenstrme in Gebudeneinschlielich InfiltrationThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 March 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the
8、 status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German)
9、. A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republi
10、c, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMAL
11、ISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15242:2007: EEN 15242:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword. 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 6 2 No
12、rmative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions. 7 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 9 5 General approach 10 6 Instantaneous calculation (iterative method). 12 6.1 Basis of the calculation method 12 6.2 Mechanical air flow calculation . 13 6.3 Passive and hybrid duct ventilation 17 6.4 Combustion air flo
13、ws 23 6.5 Air flow due to windows opening 25 6.6 Exfiltration and infiltration using iterative method 27 6.7 Exflitration and infiltration calculation using direct method 28 7 Applications. 30 7.1 General. 30 7.2 Energy 30 7.3 Heating load. 35 7.4 Cooling loads 35 7.5 Summer comfort . 35 7.6 Indoor
14、air quality. 36 Annex A (normative) Data on wind pressure coefficients . 37 Annex B (normative) Leakages characteristics 43 Annex C (normative) Calculation of recirculation coefficient Crec. 46 Annex D (normative) Conversion formulas . 48 Annex E (informative) Examples of fuel flow factor for reside
15、ntial buildings 51 Bibliography . 52 BS EN 15242:2007EN 15242:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15242:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 156 “Ventilation for buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national sta
16、ndard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2007. This standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Tra
17、de Association (Mandate M/343), and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). It forms part of a series of standards aimed at European harmonisation of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings. An overv
18、iew of the whole set of standards is given in CEN/TR 15615, Explanation of the general relationship between various CEN standards and the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) (“Umbrella document“). Attention is drawn to the need for observance of relevant EU Directives transposed into na
19、tional legal requirements. Existing national regulations with or without reference to national standards, may restrict for the time being the implementation of the European Standards mentioned in this report. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
20、the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slova
21、kia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. BS EN 15242:2007EN 15242:2007 (E) 4 Introduction This standard defines the way to calculate the airflows due to the ventilation system and infiltration. The relationships with some other standards are as follows: Figure 1 scheme of relati
22、onship between standards Table 1 Relationship between standards from To Information transferred variables 15251 15243 Indoor climate requirements Heating and cooling Set points 13779 15251 15242 Airflow requirement for comfort and health Required supply and exhaust Air flows 15242 15241 Air flows Ai
23、r flows entering and leaving the building 15241 13792 Air flows Air flow for summer comfort calculation 15241 15203- 15315 ;15217 energy Energies per energy carrier for ventilation (fans, humidifying, precooling, pre heating), + heating and cooling for air systems 15241 13790 data for heating and co
24、oling calculation Temperatures, humilities and flows of air entering the building BS EN 15242:2007EN 15242:2007 (E) 5 15243 15243 Data for air systems Required energies for heating and cooling 15243 15242 Data for air heating and cooling systems Required airflows when of use 15243 13790 data for bui
25、lding heating and cooling calculation Set point, emission efficiency, distribution recoverable losses, generation recoverable losses 13790 15243 Data for system calculation Required energy for generation EN titles are: prEN 15217 Energy performance of buildings Methods for expressing energy performa
26、nce and for energy certification of buildings prEN 15603 Energy performance of buildings - Overall energy use and definition of energy ratings prEN 15243 Ventilation for buildings Calculation of room temperatures and of load and energy for buildings with room conditioning systems prEN ISO 13790 Ther
27、mal performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling (ISO/DIS 13790:2005) EN 15242 Ventilation for buildings Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings including infiltration EN 15241 Ventilation for buildings Calculation methods for ener
28、gy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildings EN 13779 Ventilation for non-residential buildings Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems EN 13792 Colour coding of taps and valves for use in laboratories EN 15251 Indoor environmental input parame
29、ters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics The calculation of the airflows through the building envelope and the ventilation system for a given situation is first described (Clause 6). Applications depe
30、nding on the intended uses are described in Clause 7. The target audience of this standard is policy makers in the building regulation sector, software developers of building simulation tools, industrial and engineering companies. BS EN 15242:2007EN 15242:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard de
31、scribes the method to calculate the ventilation air flow rates for buildings to be used for applications such as energy calculations, heat and cooling load calculation, summer comfort and indoor air quality evaluation. The ventilation and air tightness requirements (as IAQ, heating and cooling, safe
32、ty, fire protection) are not part of the standard. For these different applications, the same iterative method is used but the input parameter should be selected according to the field of application. For specific applications a direct calculation is also defined in this standard. A simplified appro
33、ach is also allowed at national level following prescribed rules of implementation. The method is meant to be applied to: Mechanically ventilated building (mechanical exhaust, mechanical supply or balanced system). Passive ducts. Hybrid system switching between mechanical and natural modes. Windows
34、opening by manual operation for airing or summer comfort issues. Automatic windows (or openings) are not directly considered here. Industry process ventilation is out of the scope. Kitchens where cooking is for immediate use are part of the standards (including restaurants) Other kitchens are not pa
35、rt of the standard. The standard is not directly applicable for buildings higher than 100 m and rooms where vertical air temperature difference is higher than 15K. The results provided by the standard are the building envelope flows either through leakages or purpose provided openings and the air fl
36、ows due to the ventilation system, taking into account the product and system characteristics. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest ed
37、ition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1507, Ventilation for buildings Sheet metal air ducts with rectangular section Requirements for strength and leakage EN 1886, Ventilation for buildings Air handling units Mechanical performance EN 12237, Ventilation for building
38、s Ductwork Strength and leakage of circular sheet metal ducts EN 12792:2003, Ventilation for buildings Symbols, terminology and graphical symbols BS EN 15242:2007EN 15242:2007 (E) 7 EN 13141-5, Ventilation for buildings Performance testing of components/products for residential ventilation Part 5: C
39、owls and roof outlet terminal devices EN 13779, Ventilation for non-residential buildings Performance requirements for ventilation and room-conditioning systems EN 14239, Ventilation for buildings Ductwork Measurement of ductwork surface area EN 15251, Indoor environmental input parameters for desig
40、n and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics prEN 15255, Thermal performance of buildings Sensible room cooling load calculation General criteria and validation procedures 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of th
41、is document, the terms and definitions given in EN 12792:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 building height height of the building from the entrance ground level to the roof top level 3.2 vertical duct duct or shaft, including flue or chimney, which is mainly vertical and not closed 3.3 building enve
42、lope leakage overall leakage airflow for a given test pressure difference across building 3.4 building volume volume within internal outdoor walls of the purposely conditioned space of the building (or part of the building) NOTE This generally includes neither the attic, nor the basement, nor any ad
43、ditional structural annex of the building. 3.5 building air temperature average air temperature of the rooms in the occupied zone 3.6 iterative method calculation method that requires a mathematical solver to solve an equation by iteration 3.7 direct method calculation method that can be applied man
44、ually 3.8 vent (or opening) opening intended to act as an air transfer device 3.9 reference wind speed at site wind speed at site, at a height of 10 m, in undisturbed shielding conditions BS EN 15242:2007EN 15242:2007 (E) 8 NOTE 1 Shielding is accounted for in the wind pressure coefficients. NOTE 2
45、In some countries, the reference wind speed is taken as equal to the meteo data available for the site. If not, an appropriate method to extrapolate from the meteo wind speed to the reference wind speed at site should be used (see Annex A). 3.10 shielding effect classified according to the relative
46、height, width and distance of relevant obstacle(s) in relation to the building 3.11 natural duct ventilation system ventilation system where the air is moved by natural forces into the building through leakages (infiltration) and openings (ventilation), and leaves the building through leakages, open
47、ings, cowls or roof outlets including vertical ducts used for extraction 3.12 mechanical ventilation system ventilation system where the air is supplied or extracted from the building or both by a fan and using exhaust air terminal devices, ducts and roof /wall outlets NOTE In single exhaust mechani
48、cal systems, the air have entered the dwelling through externally mounted air transfer devices, windows and leakages 3.13 airing natural air change by window opening NOTE In this standard, only single sided ventilation effects are considered which means that the ventilation effect due to this window
49、 opening is considered to be independent of other open windows or additional ventilation system flows. 3.14 ventilation effectiveness relation between the pollution concentrations in the supply air, the extract air and the indoor air in the breathing zone (within the occupied zone). It is defined as SUPIDASUPETAvcccc= where: vis the ventilation effectiveness cETAis the pollution concentration in the extract air cIDAis the pollution concentration in the indoor air (breathing zone within the occupied zone) cSUPis the
