1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 15265:2007Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy needs for space heating and cooling using dynamic methods General criteria and validation proceduresThe European Standard EN 15265:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 91.120.10; 91.140.99g49g50g3g38g50g51g
2、60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 15265:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee
3、 on 28 September 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 55627 2National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15265:2007.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee B/540, Energy performance of materials components and buildings.A list of organizations re
4、presented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendme
5、nts issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15265August 2007ICS 91.140.99English VersionEnergy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy needsfor space heating and cooling using dynamic methods - Generalcriteria and validation procedures
6、Performance thermique des btiments - Calcul des besoinsdnergie pour le chauffage et le refroidissement des locaux- Critres gnraux et procdures de validationWrmetechnisches Verhalten von Gebuden - Berechnungdes Heiz- und Khlenergieverbrauchs - AllgemeineKriterien und ValidierungsverfahrenThis Europea
7、n Standard was approved by CEN on 6 July 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
8、 such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own langua
9、ge and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb
10、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights o
11、f exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15265:2007: EEN 15265:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 6 3.1 Terms and definitions .6 3.2 Symbols and units.
12、7 4 Procedures .8 5 Basic assumptions 9 6 Data requirement .9 6.1 General9 6.2 Climatic data.10 6.3 Surface heat transfer coefficients10 6.4 Solar distribution .11 6.5 Air ventilation and air infiltration .11 6.5.1 General11 6.5.2 Infiltration .11 6.5.3 Ventilation.12 6.6 Internal load12 6.7 Interna
13、l design temperature .12 6.8 Heating and cooling system device.12 6.8.1 General12 6.8.2 Convective device12 6.8.3 Cooling or heating surface device.13 7 Report of the calculation.13 7.1 General13 7.2 Input data13 7.3 Results of calculation14 8 Validation tests 14 8.1 General14 8.2 Room and component
14、s description 14 8.3 Test cases description 19 8.3.1 Initial tests 19 8.3.2 Validation tests 20 9 Validation criteria and reference results .21 10 Validation test report.22 10.1 General22 10.2 Input data22 10.3 Output results 22 Annex A (normative) Climatic data for the validation examples23 Bibliog
15、raphy 74 EN 15265:2007 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15265:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 89 “Thermal performance of buildings and building components”, the secretariat of which is held by SIS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either
16、by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2008. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association
17、 (Mandate M/343), and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2002/91/EC on the energy performance of buildings (EPBD). It forms part of a series of standards aimed at European harmonisation of the methodology for the calculation of the energy performance of buildings. An overview of the who
18、le set of standards is given in prCEN/TR 15615. Attention is drawn to the need for observance of EU Directives transposed into national legal requirements. Existing national regulations (with or without reference to national standards) may restrict for the time being the implementation of this Europ
19、ean Standard. This European Standard is one of a series of standards on general criteria and validation procedures for transient calculation methods for the design and the evaluation of the thermal and energy performance of buildings and building components. No existing European Standard is supersed
20、ed. The target audience of this European Standard are software developers of building simulation tools and policy makers in the building regulation sector. The standard specifies the boundary conditions and the simplifications needed to reach calculation results for the building part which are compa
21、rable. It needs to be emphasized that there exist more sophisticated energy simulation methods and procedures including interactions with the heating, cooling, ventilating and lighting systems which may be used for the design and optimization process of a building without being necessarily covered b
22、y existing European Standards. This European Standard provides the means (in part) to assess the contribution that building products and services make to energy conservation and to the overall energy performance of buildings. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards
23、organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portuga
24、l, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN 15265:2007 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard defines assumptions, boundary conditions and a procedure for the validation of dynamic calculation methods for the calculation of the annual energy need for space he
25、ating and cooling of a building or a part of it. This way, the same dynamic method used for calculating design heating and cooling loads can provide also the cooling and heating needs necessary to estimate annual energy requirements. The series of European Standards, giving general criteria and vali
26、dation procedures for the building part of energy simulation models for the different calculation subjects, are listed below. European Standard Subject EN ISO 13791 EN ISO 13792 Temperature calculations (air and operative) EN 15255 Load calculations (sensible cooling) EN 15265 Energy need calculatio
27、ns (heating and cooling) EN 15265:2007 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a set of assumptions, requirements and validation tests for procedures used for the calculation of the annual energy needs for space heating and cooling of a room in a building where the calculations are done with
28、a time step of one hour or less. This European Standard does not impose any specific numerical technique for the calculation of the room heating or cooling need and the internal temperatures of a room. The purpose of this European Standard is to validate calculation methods used to: assess the energ
29、y performance of each room of a building; provide energy data to be used as interface with system performance analysis (heating, cooling, ventilating, lighting, domestic hot water etc). The validation procedure is used to check the energy need for space heating and cooling based on a transient sensi
30、ble heat balance model, taking into account: the external surface heat balance; the conduction through the building envelope; the thermal capacities of external and internal structures; the internal surface heat balance; the air heat balance; the heat balance solution method. All other aspects are g
31、iven either by prescribed boundary conditions or by input data and are not part of the model validation. It is assumed, that for all these other matters e.g. embedded heating and cooling systems, prescriptive models have to be used according to existing European Standards. The system performance ana
32、lysis and moisture balance are not within the scope of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the ref
33、erenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15241, Ventilation for buildings Calculation methods for energy losses due to ventilation and infiltration in commercial buildings EN 15242, Ventilation for buildings Calculation methods for the determination of air flow rates in buildings incl
34、uding infiltration EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) prEN ISO 10211, Thermal bridges in building construction Heat flows and surface temperatures Detailed calculations (ISO/DIS 10211:2005) prEN ISO 13370, Thermal performance of buildings Heat tr
35、ansfer via the ground Calculation methods (ISO/DIS 13370:2005) EN 15265:2007 (E) 6 prEN ISO 13790, Energy performance of buildings Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling (ISO/DIS 13790:2005) prEN ISO 14683, Thermal bridges in building construction Linear thermal transmittance Simpli
36、fied methods and default values (ISO/DIS 14683:2005) 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and units 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995 and the following apply. 3.1.1 energy need for heating or cooling heat to be delivered to or e
37、xtracted from a conditioned space to maintain the intended temperature conditions during a given period of time NOTE 1 The energy need is calculated and cannot easily be measured. NOTE 2 The energy need can include additional heat transfer resulting from non-uniform temperature distribution and non-
38、ideal temperature control, if they are taken into account by increasing (decreasing) the effective temperature for heating (cooling) and not included in the heat transfer due to the heating (cooling) system. 3.1.2 energy use for space heating or cooling or domestic hot water energy input to the heat
39、ing, cooling or hot water system to satisfy the energy need for heating, cooling (including dehumidification) or hot water respectively NOTE If the technical building system serves several purposes (e.g. heating and domestic hot water) it can be difficult to split the energy use into that used for e
40、ach purpose. It can be indicated as a combined quantity (e.g. energy need for space heating and domestic hot water). 3.1.3 envelope element element of a building fabric delimited by two parallel surfaces, separating the room under consideration from the outdoor climate or another space 3.1.4 interna
41、l air temperature temperature of the room air 3.1.5 internal environment closed space delimited from the external environment or adjacent spaces by a building fabric component 3.1.6 internal surface temperature temperature of the internal surface of each room element 3.1.7 mean radiant temperature u
42、niform surface temperature of an enclosure in which an occupant would exchange the same amount of radiant heat as in the actual non-uniform enclosure EN 15265:2007 (E) 7 3.1.8 operative temperature uniform temperature of an enclosure in which an occupant would exchange the same amount of heat by rad
43、iation plus convection as in the actual non-uniform environment NOTE As approximation, the operative temperature is calculated as mean value of the air temperature and the mean radiant temperature. 3.1.9 room air air of the internal environment 3.2 Symbols and units Principal symbols used are listed
44、 below, other symbols are defined where they are used within the standard. Symbol Quantity Unit A area m2cpspecific heat capacity J/(kgK) d layer thickness m fdfsolar distribution factor - flfsolar loss factor - fsasolar to air factor - g total solar energy transmittance - h surface heat transfer co
45、efficient W/(m2K) Q quantity of heat or energy kWh R thermal resistance m2K/W U thermal transmittance under steady state W/(m2K) solar energy absorptance - total hemispherical emissivity - Celsius temperature C thermal conductivity W/(mK) density kg/m3esolar energy reflectance - edirect solar energy
46、 transmittance - heat flow rate W EN 15265:2007 (E) 8 Subscripts a air ic internal cavity c convection r radiation e external op operative ec external cavity se external surface i internal si internal surface 4 Procedures The hourly heating and cooling needs of the building are calculated for the wh
47、ole year based on climatic data, building characteristics using applicable standards listed in prEN ISO 13790 and national data for internal heat gains. The validation tests given in Clause 8 are limited to the thermal energy to be delivered to or extracted from the premises for heating and cooling
48、only and therefore exclude the linkage to the energy system parts illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 1 Energy flows EN 15265:2007 (E) 9 5 Basic assumptions The following basic assumptions shall be considered as minimum requirements for dynamic calculation methods being validated according to this Europ
49、ean Standard: the room is considered a closed space delimited by enclosure elements; the air temperature is uniform throughout the room; the thermophysical properties of all materials are constant and isotropic; the convective heat transfer coefficients are fixed; the heat conduction through each room element is one-dimensional and their surfaces are considered isothermal; thermal bridges are represented either as linear heat loss elements with no thermal inertia according to prEN ISO 14683 or as equiv
