1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16009:2011Flameless explosion venting devicesBS EN 16009:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16009:2011. The UK parti
2、cipation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee EXL/23, Explosion and fire precautions in industrial and chemical plant.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary pr
3、ovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 68828 7 ICS 13.230 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committe
4、e on 31 July 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 16009:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16009 July 2011 ICS 13.230 English Version Flameless explosion venting devices Dispositifs de dcharge dexplosion sans flamme Einrichtungen zur flammenlosen Expl
5、osionsdruckentlastung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 June 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and
6、bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the re
7、sponsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
8、 Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Man
9、agement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16009:2011: EBS EN 16009:2011EN 16009:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative references 43 Terms and definition
10、s .44 Requirements .54.1 General requirements 54.2 Flameless explosion venting system design 65 Types of flameless explosion venting devices .66 Testing of flameless explosion venting devices 76.1 General 76.2 Dust and gas characteristics 86.2.1 Dust for functional testing 86.2.2 Gases for functiona
11、l testing .86.3 Functional testing 86.3.1 General 86.3.2 Volume of test vessel and Vmax, FV86.3.3 Venting device and pstat.96.3.4 Explosion testing for mechanical integrity .96.3.5 Explosion testing for flame transmission .96.3.6 Venting efficiency of flameless explosion venting devices 96.4 Externa
12、l effects 96.5 Test report . 107 Information for use . 118 Marking 129 Packaging 12Annex A (informative) Examples/types of flameless explosion venting devices 13A.1 General . 13A.2 Ribbon type flame quenching element . 13A.3 Parallel plate type flame quenching element . 14A.4 Mesh or gauze type flam
13、e quenching element 14A.5 Ceramic type flame quenching element . 14Annex B (informative) Flameless venting example 16Annex C (informative) Flameless venting criteria . 17C.1 Nature of combustible dust, heat of combustion, flame temperature 17C.2 Effect of flame quenching device blockage . 18Annex D
14、(informative) Flameless venting - Pressurization of the surrounding volume . 20Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 94/9/EC . 21Bibliography . 22BS EN 16009:2011EN 16009:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 16009:2011) has
15、 been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 305 “Potentially explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement,
16、at the latest by January 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying a
17、ny or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral
18、 part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, H
19、ungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16009:2011EN 16009:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements for flameless ex
20、plosion venting devices used to protect enclosures against the major effects of internal explosions arising from the rapid burning of suspended dust, vapour or gas contained within. It includes the requirements for the design, inspection, testing, marking, documentation, and packaging. This standard
21、 is applicable to flameless explosion venting devices which are put on the market as autonomous protective systems. Explosion venting devices are protective systems comprised of a pressure sensitive membrane fixed to, and forming part of, the structure that it protects. They are designed to interven
22、e in the event of an explosion at a predetermined pressure, to immediately open a vent area sufficient to ensure that the maximum pressure attained by an explosion within the enclosure does not exceed the maximum pressure the structure is designed to withstand. Flameless explosion venting devices ty
23、pically consist of an explosion venting device in combination with a flame quenching element to avoid the transmission of flames into the surroundings. They are used to allow explosion venting in situations where otherwise the hazards of flames and pressure resulting from the venting would harm pers
24、onnel or damage structures. The application and specification of explosion venting devices is outlined for dust explosion protection in EN 14491 and for gas explosion protection in EN 14994. This European Standard covers the flameless explosion venting of dust, vapour and gas explosions. This Europe
25、an Standard does not cover details for the avoidance of ignition sources from detection devices or other parts of the flameless explosion venting devices. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the
26、edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13237, Potentially explosive atmospheres Terms and definitions for equipment and protective systems intended for use in potentially explosive atmospheres EN 14491, Dust
27、 explosion venting protective systems EN 14797:2006, Explosion venting devices EN 14994, Gas explosion venting protective systems EN ISO 16852:2010, Flame arresters Performance requirements, test methods and limits for use (ISO 16852:2008, including Cor 1:2008 and Cor 2:2009) EN ISO/IEC 17025, Gener
28、al requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories (ISO/IEC 17025:2005) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 13237, EN 14491, EN 14994, EN 14797 and the following apply. BS EN 16009:2011EN 16009:2011 (E) 5 3.1 flamel
29、ess explosion venting explosion venting protective measure which will in addition prevent the transmission of flames and reduce the external explosion effects NOTE Examples of external explosion effects are; temperature, pressure and dust/combustion products. 3.2 flameless explosion venting device d
30、evice which protects a vessel or other closed volume by flameless explosion venting 3.3 flame quenching element part of the flameless explosion venting device that prevents flame transmission and reduces the external explosion effects Table 1 Symbols and their descriptions Symbol Description Units V
31、max, FVlargest volume that can be protected by one single flameless venting device m3pred, Vthe highest reduced explosion pressure for venting only bar pred, FVthe highest reduced explosion pressure for flameless venting bar 4 Requirements 4.1 General requirements Flameless explosion venting devices
32、 consist of an explosion venting device and a flame quenching element as a minimum. Flame quenching elements shall be suitable for the intended use (e.g. temperature range, mechanical strength, fuel type). Explosion venting devices shall be designed according to EN 14797. Material used for the parts
33、 of explosion venting devices shall be selected on the basis of their suitability with regard to the chemical and physical conditions to which they will be subjected in service. Dust leaking from the process into the flame quenching element can impair the efficiency of the venting, which shall be av
34、oided. The performance capability of a flameless explosion venting device can be influenced by e.g.: a) the fuel characteristics (gas, vapour, dust): 1) minimum ignition temperature (MIT), minimum ignition energy (MIE) (dusts); 2) maximum experimental safe gap (MESG) (gases, vapours); 3) the maximum
35、 KGor KSt-values specified by the manufacturer; 4) the heat of combustion liberated during the explosion event; 5) flame temperature; 6) particle size and distribution, shape (dusts); BS EN 16009:2011EN 16009:2011 (E) 6 7) melting characteristics (dusts); NOTE 1 During the venting process, burnt, un
36、burnt dust or explosion products can partially block the flame quenching element, which can lead to reduced venting efficiency. Specific testing to determine this effect can be necessary. b) the maximum reduced explosion overpressure pred, maxspecified by the manufacturer; c) the venting efficiency
37、Efof the combination flame quenching element and venting device; d) volume and L/D ratio. Flameless explosion venting devices shall be designed to maintain their specified performance taking into account environmental, process and product conditions. All parts of the flame quenching element shall re
38、sist the expected mechanical, thermal and chemical loads of the intended use. During or after the venting process, deformations of the flameless explosion venting device may occur. This shall not lead to gaps in the housing that could lead to flame transmission into the surrounding. The flame quench
39、ing capability of the device shall be demonstrated by tests according to 6.3.5. It is mandatory to use detection devices sensing venting device function. The user shall use the signal to bring the plant process to a safe status when the flameless venting device operates. Gaskets or seals forming par
40、t of an explosion venting device shall be compatible with the chemical, thermal, mechanical and environmental demands of the application. NOTE 2 Due consideration should be given to the external effects with particular attention to the risk of a secondary explosion external to the flameless venting
41、device. For more information, see 6.4. NOTE 3 Due consideration should be given to equipment related sources of ignition in the design and material specification of flameless explosion venting devices; e.g. static electricity, heating and detection devices. Requirements for equipment-related sources
42、 of ignition in electrical and non-electrical equipment should apply as specified in EN 1127-1. 4.2 Flameless explosion venting system design Flameless explosion venting system shall be sized according to EN 14491 or EN 14994 taking into account the efficiency as determined in Clause 6. Unique to th
43、e use of flameless venting devices is that the effective vent area will be adversely impacted by flow resistance and possible blockage. The use of flameless explosion venting devices for applications other than described in EN 14491 or EN 14994 shall be carefully evaluated and where appropriate thei
44、r suitability shall be confirmed by tests. The maximum volume to be protected by a single flameless explosion venting device shall be limited to the volume of the test vessel the device was tested on during type testing, see also Clause 6. If a single flameless explosion venting device is not suffic
45、ient to protect a volume due to this limitation, multiple flameless explosion venting devices of the same type and the same dimension shall be used. If the volume to be protected is n times Vmax, FV, at least n devices shall be used, for a calculated example see Annex B. The protected volume shall b
46、e maximum 4 times Vmax, FV. NOTE For more information on the maximum volume to be protected, see 6.3.2. 5 Types of flameless explosion venting devices Flameless explosion venting devices consist of an explosion venting device in combination with a flame quenching element and, where fitted, an integr
47、ated particle retention element (for dusts). The explosion venting device can be of various types, outlined in EN 14797. Examples of flame quenching elements are BS EN 16009:2011EN 16009:2011 (E) 7 ribbon type, parallel plate, mesh or gauze, ceramic. NOTE Examples of different types are included in
48、Annex A. 6 Testing of flameless explosion venting devices 6.1 General The manufacturer shall specify the intended use and the devices to be tested: process conditions; range of nominal sizes of the device; pstatof the explosion venting device; maximum intended volume to be protected; maximum intende
49、d volume to be protected by one single device; pred, max; dust and/or gas characteristics; any limitations with respect to orientation; type and construction of the device (e.g. material specification, physical dimensions) and other parameters relevant for production quality control. Flameless explosion venting devices shall be subject to type testing for a given dust (see 6.2.1), gas/vapour or mixture thereof to determine a) external effects; b) mechanical integrity; c) ve
