1、Railway applications - Ballastless track systemsPart 2: System design, subsystems and componentsBS EN 164322:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 164322:2017. BSI, as a member of CEN
2、, is obliged to publish EN 164322:2017 as a British Standard.Attention is drawn to the fact that during the development of this European Standard, the UK committee identified several issues relevant to the UK implementation of the Standard.It is the view of the UK committee that further clarity is n
3、ecessary for designers and practitioners within the UK. The areas for clarification are:1) This standard makes reference to a “Finite Element Method (FEM)“ for analysis of ballastless track. FEM may be considered a generic term for validated numerical methods involving discretisation of the problem
4、using shell, beam, brick or similar elements, and also incorporating the ground or substrate below, either explicitly using finite elements or using grounded springs with equivalent properties, so as to allow an appropriately accurate simulation of the track system structure together with its suppor
5、t medium. The emphasis here is that use of the most current, validated and industryaccepted numerical analysis methods is allowed according to this standard and such alternatives may represent the best, or acceptable, approaches for a specific project.2) Regarding the use of the modulus of deformati
6、on (Ev2), there is no standardized methodology in the UK for determining this parameter from a static plate loading test. Reference can be made to other nations Standards.3) Recommendations concerning CEM I shall not be considered mandatory.4) This standard makes reference to a track structure desig
7、ned using the concept of a reinforced concrete road pavement, with reinforcement located at or near the neutral axis of the concrete section. Alternative design concepts may be considered, particularly where required for extended design life or other project requirements. These include reinforced co
8、ncrete beams or slabs (continuous or otherwise) with reinforcement away from the neutral axis and designed using the concept of a reinforced concrete structure. These should follow guidance given in the relevant structures codes for reinforced concrete, covering aspects including exposure conditions
9、, design life, reinforcement, concrete mix, cover to the reinforcement, maximum crack widths and other strength and durability requirements.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/2, Railway Applications Track. Membership of the subcommittee Ballastless Track
10、 included representation from: HS2, Network Rail, London Underground, UK Tram, Balfour Beatty, Amey, Rhomberg Sersa UK, Carillion, Beazley Sharp, Arup, Mott MacDonald, Schwihag, ERT, Pandrol, WSP, Tiflex and RSSB.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its
11、 secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 164322:2017 The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 80444 1ICS 93.100Compli
12、ance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARD BS EN 164322:2017EUR
13、OPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16432-2 August 2017 ICS 93.100 English Version Railway applications - Ballastless track systems - Part 2: System design, subsystems and components Applications ferroviaires - Systmes de voies sans ballast - Partie 2 : Conception du systme, sous-systm
14、es et composants Bahnanwendungen - Feste Fahrbahn-Systeme - Teil 2: Systementwurf, Untersysteme und Komponenten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 May 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
15、 Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (E
16、nglish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgiu
17、m, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
18、Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN na
19、tional Members. Ref. No. EN 16432-2:2017 EEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16432-2 August 2017 ICS 93.100 English Version Railway applications - Ballastless track systems - Part 2: System design, subsystems and components Applications ferroviaires - Systmes de voies sans ballast
20、- Partie 2 : Conception du systme, sous-systmes et composants Bahnanwendungen - Feste Fahrbahn-Systeme - Teil 2: Systementwurf, Untersysteme und Komponenten This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 May 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stip
21、ulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European
22、Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the
23、 national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania
24、, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form a
25、nd by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16432-2:2017 EBS EN 164322:2017EN 16432-2:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 6 Introduction 7 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms and definitions . 9 4 Symbols and abbreviations 10 5 General . 15 5.1 Ballastles
26、s track system, subsystems and components . 15 5.2 Subsystems configuration . 16 5.2.1 Ballastless track system with continuous support and embedded rails . 16 5.2.2 Ballastless track system with discrete rail seats 17 6 System design 18 6.1 Establishing the system criteria . 18 6.2 System assurance
27、 plan . 19 6.3 System integration . 19 6.4 Vertical track stiffness 19 6.5 Track stability . 19 6.6 Load distribution and load transfer by subsystems and components 20 6.6.1 Principles 20 6.6.2 Calculation steps. 21 6.6.3 Determination of forces (rail seat loads) between subsystems fastening system
28、and supporting structure (prefabricated element or pavement) . 22 6.6.4 Prefabricated element loading and load distribution 22 6.6.5 Pavement design 23 6.7 Loading of substructure . 25 6.8 Transitions . 26 7 Rails . 26 8 Rail fastening systems 26 8.1 General . 26 8.2 Rail fastening spacing . 26 8.3
29、Adjustment . 26 9 Prefabricated elements 26 9.1 General . 26 9.2 General design considerations 27 9.2.1 Data to be supplied for the general system design 27 9.2.2 Individual precast element design 27 9.3 Manufacturing process . 27 9.3.1 General requirements 27 9.3.2 Curing . 28 9.3.3 Surface finish
30、. 28 9.3.4 Marking 28 9.4 Quality control 28 9.4.1 General . 28 9.4.2 Quality control during design approval tests 28 BS EN 164322:2017EN 16432-2:2017 (E) 3 9.4.3 Quality control during manufacturing 29 9.5 Concrete sleepers, bearers and blocks . 29 9.6 Prefabricated slabs and frames . 29 9.6.1 Clas
31、sification 29 9.6.2 Design . 30 9.6.3 Materials 31 9.6.4 Geometrical tolerances . 32 9.6.5 Storage, handling, transport and on-site installation . 32 9.7 Filling layer . 33 10 Pavements (layered structure) 33 10.1 General . 33 10.2 Concrete pavements 34 10.2.1 Application 34 10.2.2 Materials 34 10.2
32、.3 Functional requirements . 34 10.3 Asphalt pavements . 37 10.3.1 Application 37 10.3.2 Design . 37 10.3.3 Geometrical requirements 37 10.3.4 Asphalt materials and mix design 38 10.3.5 Materials for surface layer 38 10.3.6 Requirements for layers 38 10.4 Unbound, hydraulically bound and bituminous
33、bound base-layers 38 10.4.1 Application 38 10.4.2 Hydraulically bound base layer . 39 10.4.3 Cement treated base layer (CTB) 39 10.4.4 Concrete base layer 39 10.4.5 Bituminous base layer 40 10.4.6 Unbound base layer . 40 11 Intermediate layers . 41 11.1 Functions of intermediate layers 41 11.2 Effec
34、ts of intermediate layers on ballastless track system . 41 Annex A (informative) Vertical vehicle load 43 A.1 Distribution of vertical railway traffic load and calculation of rail seat loads . 43 A.1.1 General . 43 A.1.2 Rail seat load P0N . 43 A.1.3 Rail seat loads PjN due to wheel loads QiN 45 A.2
35、 Rail bending moment and bending stress at the rail foot 46 A.2.1 Rail bending moment M0Nmm 46 A.2.2 Bending stress at the rail foot 0N/mm2 46 Annex B (informative) Thickness design calculations for slabs, pavements, frames, beams 47 B.1 General . 47 B.1.1 Introduction 47 B.1.2 Effective pavement th
36、ickness h1mm . 48 B.1.3 Bedding modulus k N/mm3 . 49 BS EN 164322:2017EN 16432-2:2017 (E) 4 B.1.4 Bearing capacity of beam or slab/pavement supported by cementitious or bituminous base layer 52 B.1.5 Slab on Winkler foundation (Westergaard): Longitudinal and lateral bending moments as well as tensil
37、e stresses activated by rail seat loads 54 B.1.6 Beam on Winkler foundation (Zimmermann): Longitudinal bending moment and tensile stress due to rail seat loads 60 B.1.7 Critical longitudinal bending tensile stress 64 B.1.8 Critical lateral bending tensile stress . 64 B.2 Stresses in concrete slab/pa
38、vement due to thermal impact 64 B.2.1 General . 64 B.2.2 Constant stresses cdue to temperature changes T acting in concrete slabs or pavements . 65 B.2.3 Linear stresses wdue to temperature changes t acting in concrete slabs or pavements . 67 B.3 Determination of maximum allowable flexural fatigue s
39、tress due to railway traffic load Q. 68 B.3.1 Maximum allowable tensile flexural stress in winter (longitudinal stresses) 68 B.3.2 Maximum allowable tensile flexural stress in summer (lateral and longitudinal stresses) . 68 Annex C (informative) Vertical loading . 69 Annex D (informative) Examples o
40、f calculations . 70 D.1 First example (variant II: unbonded multiple layers) and second example (variant III: bonded layers) 70 D.2 Distribution of vertical railway traffic loading and calculation of rail seat loads 70 D.2.1 Rail seat load P0N 70 D.2.2 Rail seat loads PjN due to wheel loads QiN . 72
41、 D.2.3 Rail bending moment and bending stress at the rail foot . 79 D.3 First example (variant II: unbonded multiple layers) 80 D.3.1 General . 80 D.3.2 Bending moment due to rail seat loads 82 D.3.3 Stresses due to thermal impact . 91 D.3.4 Determination of maximum allowable flexural fatigue stress
42、 due to vehicle load Q. 92 D.4 Second example (variant III: bonded multiple layers) . 93 D.4.1 General . 93 D.4.2 Bending moment due to rail seat loads 95 D.4.3 Stresses due to thermal impact . 107 D.4.4 Determination of maximum allowable flexural fatigue stress due to vehicle load Q. 108 Annex E (i
43、nformative) Quality control Routine tests and frequency of testing 109 BS EN 164322:2017EN 16432-2:2017 (E) 5 E.1 General 109 E.2 Data of the slabs to be checked . 109 E.3 Examples for frequency of testing . 111 Annex F (informative) Example of ballastless track system design calculation and analysi
44、s based on analytical tools . 112 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC . 113 Bibliography 115 BS EN 164322:2017EN 16432-2:2017 (E) 6 European foreword This document (EN 16432-2:2017) has been prepared by Technica
45、l Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be w
46、ithdrawn at the latest by February 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN
47、 by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC. For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard is one of the series EN 16432 “Rail
48、way applications Ballastless track systems” as listed below: Part 1: General requirements; Part 2: System design, subsystems and components; Part 3: Acceptance (in preparation). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bou
49、nd to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 164322:2017EN 16432-2:2017 (E) 7 Introduction This part of the series EN 16432 covers the design of the ballastless t
