1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 16452:2015Railway applications Braking Brake blocksBS EN 16452:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 16452:2015.The UK committee draws users attention to the distinction between normative and informative elements, as
2、 defined in Clause 3 of the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, Part 3.Normative: Requirements conveying criteria to be fulfilled if compliance with the document is to be claimed and from which no deviation is permitted.Informative: Information intended to assist the understanding or use of the docume
3、nt. Informative annexes do not contain requirements, except as optional requirements, and are not mandatory. For example, a test method may contain requirements, but there is no need to comply with these requirements to claim compliance with the standard.When speeds in km/h require unit conversion f
4、or use in the UK, users are advised to use equivalent values rounded to the nearest whole number. The use of absolute values for converted units should be avoided in these cases. Please refer to the table below for agreed conversion figures:INS, RST and ENE speed conversionskm/h mph km/h mph km/h mp
5、h2 1 80 50 220 1353 1 100 60 225 1405 3 120 75 230 14510 5 140 90 250 15515 10 150 95 280 17520 10 160 100 300 19030 20 170 105 320 20040 25 180 110 350 22050 30 190 120 360 22560 40 200 125The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee RAE/4, Railway Applications - Rol
6、ling stock systems, to Subcommittee, RAE/4/-/1, Railway applications - Braking.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its c
7、orrect application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 57777 2ICS 45.040; 45.060.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Poli
8、cy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16452 July 2015 ICS 45.040; 45.060.01 English Version Railway applications - Braking - Brake blocks Applications ferroviaires - Freinage - Se
9、melles de frein Bahnanwendungen - Bremse - Bremsklotzsohlen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 February 2015. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard wit
10、hout any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
11、 language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, D
12、enmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMIT
13、TEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16452:2015 EBS EN 16452:201
14、5EN 16452:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 7 Introduction .8 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Terms and definitions 10 4 Abbreviations 11 5 Overall requirements 12 5.1 Deviations from requirements . 12 5.2 Functions . 12 5.3 Operational criteria . 13 5.3.1 Friction material performance . 13 5.3
15、.2 Service performance 13 5.3.3 Brake block characteristics . 14 6 Acceptance procedure . 14 6.1 Brake block performance requirements . 14 6.1.1 General . 14 6.1.2 Category A . 14 6.1.3 Category B . 15 6.1.4 Category C . 15 6.2 Approval test requirements . 15 6.3 Dynamometer specification . 18 7 Cat
16、egory A requirements . 18 7.1 Brake block characteristics . 18 7.1.1 Standard design 18 7.1.2 Brake block characterization test . 18 7.1.3 Brake block mechanical characteristics for service operation . 18 7.2 Dynamic friction performance . 19 7.2.1 Generic requirements for assessment process 19 7.2.
17、2 Bedded and non bedded performance . 19 7.2.3 Variation in mean coefficient of friction in dry condition for a brake to rest . 19 7.2.4 Mean friction coefficient variation under wet conditions . 19 7.2.5 Mean friction coefficient variation at high initial temperature . 20 7.2.6 Mean friction coeffi
18、cient variation after simulation of a downhill brake application 20 7.2.7 Instantaneous friction coefficient variation during simulation of a downhill brake application . 20 7.2.8 Variation in instantaneous friction for a brake to rest 22 7.3 Static friction coefficient 22 7.4 Extreme winter conditi
19、ons (freight wagons) 22 7.4.1 General . 22 7.4.2 Dynamometer test. 23 7.4.3 Train brake test . 23 7.5 Locked brake (fusibility) 23 7.5.1 Generic prescriptions . 23 7.5.2 Specific prescriptions for freight wagons 24 8 Category B requirements . 24 8.1 Vehicle brake test . 24 8.2 Dynamometer wear test
20、(friction couple) . 25 BS EN 16452:2015EN 16452:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 7 Introduction .8 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Terms and definitions 10 4 Abbreviations 11 5 Overall requirements 12 5.1 Deviations from requirements . 12 5.2 Functions . 12 5.3 Operational criteria . 13 5.3.1
21、Friction material performance . 13 5.3.2 Service performance 13 5.3.3 Brake block characteristics . 14 6 Acceptance procedure . 14 6.1 Brake block performance requirements . 14 6.1.1 General . 14 6.1.2 Category A . 14 6.1.3 Category B . 15 6.1.4 Category C . 15 6.2 Approval test requirements . 15 6.
22、3 Dynamometer specification . 18 7 Category A requirements . 18 7.1 Brake block characteristics . 18 7.1.1 Standard design 18 7.1.2 Brake block characterization test . 18 7.1.3 Brake block mechanical characteristics for service operation . 18 7.2 Dynamic friction performance . 19 7.2.1 Generic requi
23、rements for assessment process 19 7.2.2 Bedded and non bedded performance . 19 7.2.3 Variation in mean coefficient of friction in dry condition for a brake to rest . 19 7.2.4 Mean friction coefficient variation under wet conditions . 19 7.2.5 Mean friction coefficient variation at high initial tempe
24、rature . 20 7.2.6 Mean friction coefficient variation after simulation of a downhill brake application 20 7.2.7 Instantaneous friction coefficient variation during simulation of a downhill brake application . 20 7.2.8 Variation in instantaneous friction for a brake to rest 22 7.3 Static friction coe
25、fficient 22 7.4 Extreme winter conditions (freight wagons) 22 7.4.1 General . 22 7.4.2 Dynamometer test. 23 7.4.3 Train brake test . 23 7.5 Locked brake (fusibility) 23 7.5.1 Generic prescriptions . 23 7.5.2 Specific prescriptions for freight wagons 24 8 Category B requirements . 24 8.1 Vehicle brak
26、e test . 24 8.2 Dynamometer wear test (friction couple) . 25 BS EN 16452:2015EN 16452:2015 (E) 3 8.3 Dynamic friction performance . 25 8.4 In service assessment 25 9 Category C requirements 25 9.1 Metal pick up 25 9.2 Influence on track circuit operation (shuntage) . 26 10 Environmental issues . 26
27、10.1 General . 26 10.2 Noise . 26 10.3 Odour 26 10.4 Smoke, fumes and sparkling 26 10.5 Recycling and disposal . 26 11 Marking . 27 Annex A (normative) Summary of Dynamometer test programs and acceptance criteria 28 Annex B (normative) General requirements for conducting dynamometer test programmes
28、. 30 B.1 General . 30 B.2 Rotation and ventilation conditions 30 B.3 Brake application timing ts. 30 B.4 Bedding 30 B.5 Wear 30 B.6 Roughness index of the wheel tread . 31 B.7 Interruption of the tests 31 B.8 Temperatures . 31 B.9 Wet conditions . 31 B.10 Test of simulation of downhill 32 B.11 Test
29、wheels 32 Annex C (normative) Composite brake blocks (K) (2Bg 2Bgu) Demonstration of friction properties for S and SS (S/SS) braked freight wagons (vmax= 120 km/h) 33 C.1 Program for performance tests 33 C.2 Program for simulation brake assessment . 38 C.3 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficie
30、nts 39 C.4 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients . 42 Annex D (normative) Composite brake blocks (LL) Demonstration of friction properties for S and SS (S/SS) braked freight wagons (vmax= 120 km/h) 44 D.1 Program for performance tests 44 D.2 Program for simulation brake assessment
31、. 48 D.3 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients 50 D.4 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients . 52 Annex E (normative) Composite brake blocks (K) (1Bg) Demonstration of friction properties for S and SS (S/SS) braked freight wagons (vmax= 120 km/h) . 53 E.1 Program for perfor
32、mance tests 53 E.2 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients 56 BS EN 16452:2015EN 16452:2015 (E) 4 E.3 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 58 Annex F (normative) Composite brake blocks (L) Demonstration of friction properties for extra tread brake of coach . 59 F.1 Program
33、for performance tests . 59 F.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 62 F.3 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in dry condition . 63 F.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in wet condition . 64 F.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 65 Annex G (normativ
34、e) Composite brake blocks (K) Demonstration of friction properties for locomotives . 67 G.1 Program for performance tests . 67 G.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 70 G.3 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in dry condition . 71 G.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in
35、 wet condition . 72 G.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 73 Annex H (normative) Composite brake blocks (K) Demonstration of friction properties for EMU DMU . 75 H.1 Program for performance tests . 75 H.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 80 H.3 Dispersion range of mean f
36、riction coefficients in dry condition . 81 H.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in wet condition . 82 H.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 83 Annex I (normative) Composite brake blocks (K) Demonstration of friction properties for High speed train (motor bogie) 85
37、 I.1 Program for performance tests . 85 I.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 88 I.3 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in dry condition . 89 I.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in wet condition . 91 I.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 92 Anne
38、x J (informative) Dynamometer test program Generic test program 94 J.1 General . 94 J.2 Generic test program . 94 J.3 Definitions . 97 J.4 Principle of assessment and pass/fail criteria . 98 Annex K (normative) Dynamometer Test program to detect the formation of metal pick-up at the brake block 99 K
39、.1 Test program for freight wagons with brake blocks type K and LL 99 K.2 Test program for locomotives with brake blocks type K . 101 K.3 Test program for EMU DMU with brake blocks type K 103 K.4 Test program for High speed train with brake blocks type K 106 BS EN 16452:2015EN 16452:2015 (E) 4 E.3 D
40、ispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 58 Annex F (normative) Composite brake blocks (L) Demonstration of friction properties for extra tread brake of coach . 59 F.1 Program for performance tests . 59 F.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 62 F.3 Dispersion range of mean frictio
41、n coefficients in dry condition . 63 F.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in wet condition . 64 F.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 65 Annex G (normative) Composite brake blocks (K) Demonstration of friction properties for locomotives . 67 G.1 Program for perfor
42、mance tests . 67 G.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 70 G.3 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in dry condition . 71 G.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in wet condition . 72 G.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 73 Annex H (normative) Composi
43、te brake blocks (K) Demonstration of friction properties for EMU DMU . 75 H.1 Program for performance tests . 75 H.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 80 H.3 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in dry condition . 81 H.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in wet condition
44、 . 82 H.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 83 Annex I (normative) Composite brake blocks (K) Demonstration of friction properties for High speed train (motor bogie) 85 I.1 Program for performance tests . 85 I.2 Program for simulation brake assessment 88 I.3 Dispersion range of
45、 mean friction coefficients in dry condition . 89 I.4 Dispersion range of mean friction coefficients in wet condition . 91 I.5 Dispersion range of instantaneous friction coefficients 92 Annex J (informative) Dynamometer test program Generic test program 94 J.1 General . 94 J.2 Generic test program .
46、 94 J.3 Definitions . 97 J.4 Principle of assessment and pass/fail criteria . 98 Annex K (normative) Dynamometer Test program to detect the formation of metal pick-up at the brake block 99 K.1 Test program for freight wagons with brake blocks type K and LL 99 K.2 Test program for locomotives with br
47、ake blocks type K . 101 K.3 Test program for EMU DMU with brake blocks type K 103 K.4 Test program for High speed train with brake blocks type K 106 BS EN 16452:2015EN 16452:2015 (E) 5 Annex L (normative) Dynamometer test program to demonstrate the extreme winter braking properties . 109 L.1 Test pr
48、ogram for freight wagons with brake blocks type K 109 L.2 Test program for freight wagons with brake blocks type LL 111 L.3 Specific requirements for conducting Test Programs L.1 and L.2 112 L.4 Process of assessment and past fail criteria for test programs L.1 and L.2 113 L.5 Generic flow chart to
49、perform test program . 114 L.6 Detailed flow chart to perform test program (example brake block K) 115 Annex M (normative) Test run to demonstrate the extreme winter braking properties brake blocks K LL for freight wagons . 118 M.1 General . 118 M.2 Test conditions 118 M.3 Bases for assessment . 119 M.4 Assessment of measurement data and pass/fail criteria 121 Annex N (normative) Dynamometer Test program to simulate “Locked brake” 123 N.1 Test program for freight wagons with brake blocks type K and LL . 123 N.2 Test program for locomotives
