1、BS EN 16896:2016Petroleum products and relatedproducts Determination ofkinematic viscosity Methodby Stabinger type viscosimeterBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN 16896:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementa
2、tion of EN 16896:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PTI/13, Petroleum Testing and Terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessar
3、y provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 90557 5 ICS 75.160.20 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was
4、 published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 16896:2016EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 16896 November 2016 ICS 75.160.20 English Version Petroleum
5、 products and related products - Determination of kinematic viscosity - Method by Stabinger type viscosimeter Produits ptroliers et produits relats - Dtermination de la viscosit cinmatique - Mthode par Viscometer Stabinger Minerallerzeugnisse und verwandte Produkte - Bestimmung der kinematischen Vis
6、kositt - Verfahren mit dem Viskosimeter nach dem Stabinger-Prinzip This European Standard was approved by CEN on 27 August 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standar
7、d without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any
8、other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republ
9、ic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN C
10、OMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16896:2016 EBS EN 1689
11、6:2016EN 16896:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Principle . 5 5 Reagents and materials . 5 6 Apparatus . 6 7 Sampling and sample handling 7 7.1 Sampling . 7 7.2 Sample handling 7 8 Calibration and verification 7 8.1 Gener
12、al 7 8.2 Verification of calibration 7 9 Apparatus preparation . 8 10 Procedure. 8 10.1 Filling and cleaning 8 10.2 Manual filling and cleaning using syringes 8 10.3 Manual filling using sample displacement . 9 10.4 Automatic filling and cleaning by a sample changer 9 11 Calculation 10 12 Expression
13、 of results . 10 13 Precision 10 13.1 General . 10 13.2 Repeatability, r 10 13.3 Reproducibility, R 10 14 Test report 10 Bibliography . 11 BS EN 16896:2016EN 16896:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16896:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels,
14、 lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2017, and conflicting
15、national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Interna
16、l Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irel
17、and, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 16896:2016EN 16896:2016 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a procedure for the determination of kinematic
18、 viscosity () at 40 C in the range from 2 mm2/s to 6 mm2/s by calculation from dynamic viscosity () and density () of middle distillate fuels, fatty acid methyl ester fuels (FAME) and mixtures of these using the Stabinger-type viscosimeter. The result obtained using the procedure described in this s
19、tandard depends on the behaviour of the sample. This European Standard should be used predominantly on liquids whose shear stress and shear rate are proportional (Newtonian flow behaviour). However, if the viscosity changes significantly with the shear rate, comparison with other measuring methods i
20、s only permissible at similar shear rates. WARNING The use of this Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this standard to take appropriate
21、measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to the application of the Standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable fo
22、r its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 3104, Petroleum products - Transparent and opaque liquids - Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation o
23、f dynamic viscosity (ISO 3104) EN ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids - Manual sampling (ISO 3170) EN ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids - Automatic pipeline sampling (ISO 3171) EN ISO 12185, Crude petroleum and petroleum products - Determination of density - Oscillating U-tube method (ISO 12185) 3 Terms and defin
24、itions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 dynamic viscosity ratio of the applied shear stress to the resulting shear rate of a liquid 3.2 kinematic viscosity ratio of the dynamic viscosity to the density of a liquid at the same temperature and pressure
25、Note 1 to entry: The kinematic viscosity is a measure of a liquids resistance to flow under gravity. 3.3 density mass of a substance divided by its volume at a given temperature BS EN 16896:2016EN 16896:2016 (E) 5 3.4 determinability d quantitative measure of the variability associated with the same
26、 operator in a given laboratory, obtaining successive determined values using the same apparatus for a series of operations leading to a single result, defined as the difference between two such single determined values 4 Principle A test portion of a sample is introduced into the measuring cells, w
27、hich are at closely controlled and known temperature. The measuring cells consist of a pair of rotating concentric cylinders and an oscillating U-tube. The dynamic viscosity is determined from the equilibrium rotational speed of the inner cylinder under the influence of the shear stress of the test
28、specimen and an eddy current brake in conjunction with adjustment data. The density is determined by the oscillation frequency of the U-tube in conjunction with adjustment data. The kinematic viscosity is calculated by dividing the dynamic viscosity by the density. 5 Reagents and materials 5.1 Clean
29、ing solvent, able to remove the sample from the measuring cell after the measurement and be completely miscible with all constituents of the sample. 5.2 Drying solvent, highly volatile and miscible with the cleaning solvent, shall be filtered before use and of an appropriate purity so that it does n
30、ot leave any residues in the instrument. NOTE 1 A separate drying solvent is not needed if the cleaning solvent also meets the requirements of the drying solvent. NOTE 2 Commercially available volatile petroleum spirit or cleaners naphtha of technical grade or better has proven suitable. 5.3 Compres
31、sed air, oil-free and filtered with a dew point considerably lower than the lowest measuring cell temperature at which the instrument should be dried. The pressure should be limited to 100 kPa. Instead of compressed air it is also possible to use inert gases, e.g. technical nitrogen. The requirement
32、s given for compressed air are also valid here. 5.4 Certified reference liquids for viscosity and density, identical to the reference standards referenced in EN ISO 3104 and EN ISO 12185 respectively. 5.5 Reference thermometer and probe, for verification of the temperature calibration. The measuring
33、 uncertainty of the reference thermometer including the probe shall not exceed 0,01 C. The resolution shall be at least 0,001 C. The probe used for the calibration (with an adapter if necessary) shall have a shape which fits the geometry of the viscosity cell. The probe replaces the measuring system
34、 (tube and measuring rotor). BS EN 16896:2016EN 16896:2016 (E) 6 6 Apparatus Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following: 6.1 Stabinger type viscosimeter 6.1.1 Viscosity measurement The Stabinger type viscosimeter, a concentric rotating viscosimeter contains an outer rotor
35、with an inner rotor (see Figure 1). The small concentric gap between these rotors is filled with sample. The outer rotor is driven at constant speed which makes the inner rotor rotating due to the samples viscosity. The lightweight inner rotor is centred in the heavier sample due to the centrifugal
36、forces. The equilibrated speed ratio is depending on the driving viscous shear force and the opposing magnetic induction force (eddy current). The dynamic viscosity is a function of the equilibrated speed ratio and adjustment constants. The kinematic viscosity is obtained by dividing the measured dy
37、namic viscosity by the measured density. 6.1.2 Density measurement The Stabinger type viscosimeter has an integrated density measurement based on the oscillating U-tube principle. The sample filled U-tube is oscillated and the instrument calculates the density from the measured natural frequency of
38、the filled tube using adjustment factors. The viscosity-dependent error of this procedure is corrected using the measured viscosity value. Key 1 outer rotor (constant speed) 3 sample fluid 2 inner rotor (measured speed) 4 magnet Figure 1 Viscosity cell 6.1.3 Temperature control The Stabinger type vi
39、scosimeter has an integrated temperature control which keeps the viscosity and density measurement at the same temperature. Using Peltier elements, a highly conductive measuring cell block which surrounds the measuring cells is set to the target temperature with a stability of 0,005 C. The measureme
40、nt uncertainty of the temperature sensor shall be within 0,03C at 40 C. BS EN 16896:2016EN 16896:2016 (E) 7 6.1.4 Stability The instrument automatically ensures the temperature equilibration of the sample by checking the stability of the continuously recorded viscosity and density values by limiting
41、 the maximum fluctuation range to 0,07 % for the dynamic viscosity and of 0,03 kg/m3for the density within 60 s. 7 Sampling and sample handling 7.1 Sampling Samples shall be taken as described in EN ISO 3170 or EN ISO 3171 and/or in accordance with the requirements of national standards or regulatio
42、ns for the sampling of petroleum products. 7.2 Sample handling For waxy or other samples with high pour point, before drawing the test specimen, heat the sample to the desired temperature, which shall be high enough to dissolve the wax crystals. 8 Calibration and verification 8.1 General The calibra
43、tion shall be verified periodically using certified reference standards as described in 5.4. Due to the measuring range of the viscosity and temperature, more than one calibration fluid can be required. If a reference liquid gives no reference value or if the given reference value is not sufficientl
44、y precise for one of the two parameters (viscosity or density) e.g. a density standard without viscosity values, the affected parameter shall be verified with another suitable reference liquid. Verify the calibration of the temperature measurement periodically by using a reference thermometer as des
45、cribed in 5.5. The recommended interval to verify viscosity and density calibration is once a month, for temperature control once a year. 8.2 Verification of calibration Ensure that the instrument is leak tight and the measuring cells have been cleaned and dried before verification of the calibratio
46、n is undertaken. The verification of the calibration should be carried out according to the instrument manufacturers instructions. If, despite the correct condition of the instrument, the measured viscosity does not correspond to the certified value with a deviation of less than 0,35 % then the visc
47、osity measurement shall be adjusted according to the instrument manufacturers instructions. If, despite the correct condition of the instrument, the measured density does not correspond to the certified value with a deviation of less than 0,001 g/cm3then the density measurement shall be adjusted acc
48、ording to the instrument manufacturers instructions. If, despite the correct condition of the instrument, the measured temperature does not correspond to the certified value with a deviation of less than 0,03 C then the temperature measurement shall be adjusted according to the instrument manufactur
49、ers instructions. BS EN 16896:2016EN 16896:2016 (E) 8 9 Apparatus preparation Ensure that the measuring cells are clean and dry before filling with the sample. The displayed density value of air can be used as an indicator. Set the test temperature to 40,00 C. The Stabinger type viscosimeter automatically ensures temperature control and temperature equilibration of the sample. If the test temperature is below the dew point of the ambient air, a suitable air drying apparatus shall be connected to the air pump inlet of the instrument.
