1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Conservation of Cultural Heritage - Artificial ageing by simulated solar radiation of the surface of untreated or treated porous inorganic materialsBS EN 17036:2018EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 17
2、036 June 2018 ICS 97.195 English Version Conservation of Cultural Heritage - Artificial ageing by simulated solar radiation of the surface of untreated or treated porous inorganic materials Conservation du patrimoine culturel - Vieillissement artificiel par rayonnement solaire simul de la surface de
3、 matriaux inorganiques poreux traits ou non traits Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Knstliche Alterung von unbehandelten oder behandelten porsen anorganischen Materialoberflchen mit simulierter Sonnenstrahlung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 February 2018. CEN members are bound to
4、comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CEN
5、ELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has th
6、e same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb
7、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-
8、1040 Brussels 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 17036:2018 ENational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 17036:2018.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Comm
9、ittee B/560, Conservation of tangible cultural heritage.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The Br
10、itish Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 94422 2ICS 97.195Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June
11、2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 17036:2018EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 17036 June 2018 ICS 97.195 English Version Conservation of Cultural Heritage - Artificial ageing by simulated solar radiation of the surface of un
12、treated or treated porous inorganic materials Conservation du patrimoine culturel - Vieillissement artificiel par rayonnement solaire simul de la surface de matriaux inorganiques poreux traits ou non traits Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Knstliche Alterung von unbehandelten oder behandelten porse
13、n anorganischen Materialoberflchen mit simulierter Sonnenstrahlung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 February 2018. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national stand
14、ard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in an
15、y other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Repu
16、blic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
17、EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 17036:20
18、18 EBS EN 17036:2018EN 17036:2018 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword 3 Introduction 4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 7 5 Principle . 7 6 Test equipment 8 7 Test procedure . 9 8 Expression of results . 9 9 Test report . 9 Bibliography 1
19、1 BS EN 17036:2018EN 17036:2018 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 17036:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 346 “Conservation of Cultural Heritage”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by p
20、ublication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not
21、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,
22、Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 17036
23、:2018EN 17036:2018 (E) 4 Introduction In contrast to natural weathering, artificial ageing using simulated solar radiation involves a limited number of variables which can be controlled more readily and which are intensified to evaluate in a short way the stability of porous inorganic materials and
24、the durability of conservation treatments. The ageing processes which occur during artificial and natural weathering cannot be expected to correlate exactly with each other because of the large number of factors influencing these processes. Definite relationships can only be expected if the importan
25、t parameters (distribution of the irradiance over the photochemical relevant part of the spectrum, temperature of the specimen, type of wetting and wetting cycle, and relative humidity) are the same in each case or if their effect on the coatings is known. No direct correlation can be made between a
26、rtificial ageing duration and actual exposure duration. However, performance comparisons under the controlled conditions of artificial weathering can be compared to documented performance of materials and coatings that have experienced extended periods of end use exposure. This methodology is intend
27、ed to be used on new materials. In all cases, the risk of potential damage to irreplaceable objects during irradiation should be considered. BS EN 17036:2018EN 17036:2018 (E) 5 1 Scope This document assesses the long-term susceptibility to light of materials and treatments used in conservation of po
28、rous inorganic materials. Examples may include materials which have been treated in the course of conservation (e.g. cleaning, consolidation, water repellents, coatings or biocides) or materials which may exhibit colour changes following exposure (e.g. mortars and small number of stones). The proced
29、ure can be used to evaluate the impact and longevity/durability of treatments against untreated materials or unexposed materials. NOTE 1 Porous inorganic materials are both natural stones (rocks) and artificial stone materials (mortars, stuccoes, bricks, ceramic materials, etc.). NOTE 2 Treated mate
30、rials are those on which one of the following treatments has been applied: cleaning, application of water repellent, consolidating materials, coatings or biocides and artificial ageing. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
31、 content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13373, Natural stone test methods Determination of geometric characteristics on units
32、 EN 16085, Conservation of Cultural property Methodology for sampling from materials of cultural property General rules 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at th
33、e following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp 3.1 black standard thermometer temperature measuring device consisting of a stainless-steel plate, having a black coating which absorbs at least 90 % of
34、the incident radiation flux below = 2 500 nm 3.2 daylight visible part of global solar radiation Note 1 to entry: When dealing with actinic effects of optical radiation, this term is commonly used for radiations extending beyond the visible region of the spectrum. SOURCE: CEN/TS 16163:2014, 3.9 3.3
35、exposure in weathering the act of subjecting the specimen to the action of artificial conditions BS EN 17036:2018EN 17036:2018 (E) 6 3.4 exposure time time of exposure (partial or total) to weathering 3.5 filter any device that modifies or reduces a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum SOURCE: CE
36、N/TS 16163:2014, 3.16 modified Note 1 has been omitted 3.6 filter, long-pass filter that transmits wavelengths longer than the cut-on wavelength, while rejecting shorter wavelengths, and characterized by a sharp transition from minimum to maximum transmittance 3.7 filter, short-pass filter that tran
37、smits wavelengths shorter than the cut-off wavelength, while rejecting longer wavelengths, and characterized by a sharp transition from maximum to minimum transmittance 3.8 infrared radiation IR part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelength longer than those of the visible radiation, from abo
38、ut 780 nm to tens of micrometres SOURCE: CEN/TS 16163:2014, 3.18 3.9 irradiance Eeradiometric quantity, the radiant flux per unit area at a point of a surface (unit: watt per square metre, W/m2) SOURCE: CEN/TS 16163:2014, 3.19 3.10 light radiation that is considered from the point of view of its abi
39、lity to excite the visual system Note 1 to entry: It corresponds to the so-called visible radiation in the range between 400 nm and 780 nm. 3.11 radiant flux eradiometric quantity representing the radiant energy transported per unit time into a region of space by electromagnetic waves (unit: watt, W
40、) SOURCE: CEN/TS 16163:2014, 3.28 BS EN 17036:2018EN 17036:2018 (E) 7 3.12 radiant exposure Hetime integral of irradiance (unit: joule per square metre, J/m2) 3.13 radiometer instrument for measuring the irradiance in the wavelength interval chosen consisting of a detector and a signal-processing sy
41、stem 3.14 source object that produces light or other radiant flux SOURCE: CEN/TS 16163:2014, 3.33 3.15 ultraviolet radiation UV part of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths from 100 nm to 400 nm Note 1 to entry: UV-A: Wavelength: 315 nm to 400 nm. Not absorbed by the ozone layer. UV-B: Wave
42、length: 280 nm to 315 nm. Mostly absorbed by the ozone layer, but some does reach the Earths surface. UV-C: Wavelength: 100 nm to 280 nm. Completely absorbed by the ozone layer and atmosphere. SOURCE: ISO 21348:2007, 6.5 4 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following sy
43、mbols and abbreviations apply. eradiant flux, in W Eeirradiance, in W/m2Heradiant exposure, in J/m2teexposure time, in s 5 Principle Specimens to be tested are exposed to artificial source(s) characterized by spectral power distribution simulating daylight. BS EN 17036:2018EN 17036:2018 (E) 8 6 Test
44、 equipment 6.1 General The chamber shall be suitably equipped to allow the homogeneous distribution of the irradiation over the specimens surface. 6.2 Source(s) The apparatus shall be equipped with one or more sources simulating the solar spectrum (i.e. Xenon lamps or similar). Test apparatuses shal
45、l be equipped with light monitoring systems designed to compensate output decay due to source ageing in order to guarantee constant irradiation during the whole lifecycle. 6.3 Infrared filter In order to cut the infrared radiation, a short pass filter (cut-off wavelength 780 nm) shall be inserted be
46、tween source and specimens. 6.4 Ultraviolet filters In order to cut UV-B radiation, a long-pass filter (cut-on wavelength 300 nm) shall be inserted between source and specimens. The role of this filter is to simulate the filtering effect of the atmosphere. In addition, different filters with higher
47、cut-on wavelengths can be used to simulate other environments (e.g. indoor exposure through glass windows). 6.5 Radiometer (irradiance measurement, Ee) The radiometer can be present in the ageing chamber for continuous monitoring or can be introduced from time to time when it is necessary to check i
48、rradiation. In both cases the measure shall be taken close to the irradiated surface of the specimens. The irradiance shall be measured in the whole interval of irradiation. The error in the measurement shall be lower than 10 W/m2. 6.6 Exposure rack The exposure rack can be either vertical or horizo
49、ntal and the irradiation shall be constant and homogeneous over the exposed area. The total irradiance on any area may differ by no more than 10 %. 6.7 Temperature measurement and control A system shall be used which is able to determine the maximum surface temperature of specimens exposed to radiation (e.g. black standard thermometer). Stable temperature conditions shall be maintained within the chamber during testing using a fan or air conditioning system. It is recommended that the temperature as measured on black standard
