1、- CEN EUROPEAN STANDARD EUROPISCHE NORM NORME EUROPENNE ENx2400b 93 3404589 005272b 037 m EN 24006 June 1993 UM: 632.67:632.642:001.4 Descriptors: Liquid fim, pipe flow, flow measurement, vocabulary, symbois English version Measurement of fluid flow in closed Vocabulary and symbols (IS0 4006 : 1991)
2、 conduits - Mesure de dbit des fluides dans les conduites fermes - Vocabulaire et symboles (IS0 4006 : 1991) DurcMuBmessung von Fluiden in geschlossenen Leitungen - Begriffe und Formelzeichen (IS0 4006 : 1991) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1993-06-18. CEN members are bound to comply
3、with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secret
4、anat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officia
5、l versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Nor
6、malisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: Rue de Stassart, 36, B-1050 Brussels Q 1993 Copyright reserved to CEN members I Ref. No. EN 24006 : 1993 E - CEN ENs2400b 93 H 3404589 0052727 Ti3 EN 24006 : 1993 Foreword In 1991, Is0 4006 : 1991 MecLEurement ofJlu.idj2ou, in closed c0n
7、uit.s - Vecabulayy and symbols was submitted to the CEN Primary Questionnaire procedure. Following Resolution BT C 42D992, Is0 4006 : 1991 was submitted to the formai vote; the result was positive. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an i
8、dentical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 1993, and conflicting national standards shall be withhwn at the latest by December 1993. According to the CEN/cENELEC internal Regulations, the following countries are bound to implement this European Stan* Ausftia, Belgium, Denmark, Fnland
9、, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlanck, Norway, Portuga, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. CEN ENM2400b 93 W 3404589 0052728 0T W INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE IS04006 : 1991 (E/F) Measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits - Voca
10、bulary and symbols Mesure de dbit des fluides dans les conduites fermes - Vocabulaire et symboles 1 Scope This International Standard defines the terms to be used in the field of measurement of fluid flow in closed conduits, and gives the corresponding symbols. It has been found necessary to exclude
11、 terms which come under the following categories : a) terms which are self-evident; b) terms which do not apply specifically to this field, in particular those referring more specifically to flow in open channels (see IS0 772); c) ment which cannot be the subject of standardization. terms referring
12、to very specific methods of measure- 1 Domaine dapplication La prsente Norme internationale dfinit les termes prconiss en matiere de dbit des fluides dans les conduites fermes et donne leurs symboles correspondants. II a t jug ncessaire dexclure les termes des catgories suivantes: a) ceux qui sont v
13、idents par eux-mmes; b) ceux qui ne sappliquent pas aux prsents travaux, en particulier ceux qui se rapportent plus spcifiquement lcoulement en canaux dcouverts (voir IS0 772); c) ceux qui se rapportent des mthodes de mesurage trs particulires ne pouvant faire lobjet dune normalisa- tion. d 1 2 Symb
14、ols Reference number Numro de rfrence 4.10 10.3 7.17 8.2 8.3 4.16 4.31 4.31 7.16 4.9 7.16 7.17 7.16 4.17 4.19 4.15 4.33 5.9 4.16 5.9 10.4 5.5.1 4.11.1 4.20 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.33 5.2 4.18 4.9 4.15 4.17 5.9 5.22 Quantity Cross-sectional area of the conduit, for the operating conditions Concentration of the
15、 tracer Discharge coefficient Critical flow function Real gas critical flow coefficient Velocity of sound Specific heat capacity at constant pressure Specific heat capacity at constant volume Diameter, depending on the oper- ating conditions, - of the circular cross-section of the conduit - of the m
16、easuring conduit upstream of an orifice plate or nozzle - of the inlet cylinder of a classi- cal Venturi tube Hydraulic diameter Orifice diameter or throat of primary element, for the operating conditions or diameter of the head of a Pitot tube Velocity of approach factor Relative uncertainty Absolu
17、te uncertainty Frequency Acceleration due to gravity Equivalent uniform roughness Length Molar mass of fluid Population mean Mach number Population size Dilution ratio ratel Sample size Absolute static pressure of.the fluid Differential pressure Mass flow-rate Volume flow-rate Molar gas constant Rad
18、ius Test respit Arithmetical mean deviation of the (roughness) profile Hydraulic radius Reynolds number - referred to D - referred to d Strouhal number Experimental standard deviation Standard error of estimate Fluid absolute temperature Symbol11 Symbole A C C c* cr cP CY D C Dh d E E e f 8 k I M Ma
19、 N N n P AP q,. (4 qv, (QI R R R rn Ra Rh Re, Red Sr S SR T 2 Symboles Grandeur Aire de la section droite de la conduite dans les conditions de fonctionnement Concentration du traceur Coefficient de dcharge Coefficient de dbit critique Coefficient de gaz rel Clrit du son Capacit thermique massique p
20、res cion constante Capacit thermique massique volume constant Damtre dans les conditions de fonctionnement - de la section de mesurage cir- culaire de la conduite - de la conduite de mesurage en amont dun diaphragme ou dune tuyre - du cylindre dentre dun tube de Venturi classique Diamtre hydraulique
21、 Diamtre de lorifice (du coli de ll- ment primaire dans les conditions de fonctionnement ou diamtre de lantenne du tube de Pitot Coefficient de vitesse dapproche Incertitude en valeur relative Incertitude en valeur absolue Frquence Acclration due la pesanteur Rugosit uniforme quivalente Longueur Mas
22、se molaire du fluide Moyenne de la population Nombre de Mach Effectif dune population Rapport de dilution Taille de ichantillon Pression (statique) absolue du fluide Pression diffrentielle Dbit-masse Dbit-volume Constante molaire des gaz Rayon Rsultat decsai Ecart moyen arithmtique du profil (de rug
23、osit) Rayon hydraulique Nombre de Reynolds - rapport D - rapport d Nombre de Strouhal Ecart-type exprimental Erreur-type de lestimation Temprature absolue du fluide Dimensions21 L* ML-3 31 41 41 4) LT-1 L2T-20- 1 L2T - 2 0 - 1 1 L L 4) 41 41 T-1 LT-2 L L M 51 4) 5) 4) 4) ML-IT-2 ML-IT-2 MT-1 L3T-1 M
24、LZT - 20 - 1 L 41 L L 41 41 51 51 o Corresponding SI unit Unit SI correspondante m2 kg / m3 mis J1kg.K J1kg.K m m m S-1 mis2 m m kgimol Pa Pa kgts d/S J / mo1.K) m m m K 2 CEN ENx2400b 93 W 3404589 0052730 5b8 W IS0 4006 : 1991 (E/F) Quantity Students I distribution Uncertainty Mean axial fluid velo
25、city Random uncertainty Systematic uncertainty Upper and lower limits of a non- symmetrical uncertainty Friction velocity Local velocity of the fluid Non-dimensional I relativel velocity Component of the local velocity parallel to the pipe axis Weight of measurement Acoustic ratio Differential press
26、ure ratio Average value lof a variable ,Y) Arithmetic weighted mean; weighted average Index of asymmetry Distance from a measurement point to the wall Non-dimensional distance from a measurement point to the wall Compressibility factor Flow coefficient Kinetic energy coefficient Diameter ratio Ratio
27、 of the specific heat capacities Expansibility lexpansionl factor Fluid temperature, in degrees Celsius Angle between the local velocity vector and the conduit axis Sensitivity linfluencel coefficient Isentropic exponent Universal head loss coefficient Dynamic viscosity of the fluid Kinematic viscos
28、ity of the fluid Number of degrees of freedom Density of the fluid Pressure ratio Wall shear stress Included angle of the divergent Anglebetween the local velocity vector and the axis of the meterina device Symbol11 Symbole1 Reference number Numro de rference 5.25 5.26 4.7 5.26.1 5.26.2 Figure 2 4.2
29、1 4.17 4.8 5.11 7.15 7.13 5.1 5.11.1 9.1 4.33 7.18 4.10 7.4 4.31 7.19 4.6 5.2 4.32 4.20 4.15 5.7 4.32 7.14 4.21 3) The concentration can also be expressed as a dimensionless quantity. 4) Dimensionless quantity. 5) The dimension of this parameter is the dimension of the quantity to which it relates.
30、Grandeur Distribution I de Student Incertitude Vitesse dbitante Incertitude alatoire Incertitude systhatique Limites suprieure et infrieure dun intervalle dincertitude non symtrique Vitesse de frottement Vitesse locale du fluide Vitesse adimensionnelle I relative Composante de la vitesse locale selo
31、n laxe de la conduite Coefficient de pondration Rapport acoustique Pression diffrentielle relative Valeur moyenne (dune variable s) Moyenne arithmtique pondre Indice de dissymtrie de lcoulement Distance dun point de mesure la paroi Distance adimensionnelle dun point de mesure a la paroi Facteur de c
32、ompressibilit Coefficient de dbit Coefficient dnergie cintique Rapport de diamtres Rapport des capacits thermiques massiques Coefficient de dtente Temprature du fluide selon lchelle Celsius Angle de la vitesse locale avec laxe de la conduite Coefficient de sensibilit (dinfluence) Exposant icentropiq
33、ue Coefficient universel de perte de charge Viscosit dynamique du fluide Viscosit cinmatique du fluide Nombre de degr dA est un lment de surface; A is the crosssectional area of the flow A est la surface totale de la section de lcoulement. (In most practical installations, a varies between 1 and 1,2
34、 ap- proximately.) (Dans la plupart des installations industrielles, a varie approxi. mativement entre 1 et 1.2.) 4.11 pression (statique) : Pression que mesurerait un observateur ponctuel se dplacant avec une particule de fluide. 4.11 by a pin-point observer travelling with a particle of the fluid.
35、 static pressure: Pressure which would be measured 4.11.1 absolute static pressure of the fluid, p: Static pressure of a fluid measured with reference to a perfect vacuum. 4.11.1 dun fluide mesure par rapport au vide absolu. pression (statique) absolue, p: Pression (statique) 4.11.2 gauge pressure :
36、 Difference between the absolute static pressure of a fluid and the atmospheric pressure at the place and time of the measurement. 4.11.2 pression (statique) effective : Diffrence entre la pression (statique) absolue dun fluide et la pression atmosph- rique lendroit et linstant du mesurage. 4.12 Dyn
37、amic pressure 4.12 Pression dynamique 4.12.1 dynamic pressure of a fluid element: For an elemental fluid streamline, the increase in pressure above the static pressure which would result from the complete isentropic transformation of the kinetic energy of the fluid into pressure energy. It is equal
38、to tv2 if the fluid is incompressible. 4.12.1 pression dynamique dun lment fluide: Pour un filet fluide, augmentation de pression au-dessus de la pression statique qui rsulterait de la transformation isentropique com- plte de lnergie cintique du fluide en nergie de pression. La pression dynamique lo
39、cale est gale tevz, si le fluide est incom- pressible. 5 CEN ENt2400b 93 3404589 0052733 277 IS0 4006 : 1991 IE/F) 4.12.2 mean dynamic pressure in a cross-section: Ratio of the power of the fluid flowing through the cross-section in the form of kinetic energy to the volume flow-rate. It can be ex- p
40、ressed as (I x fe if the fluid is incompressible. 4.13 dynamic pressure. total pressure: Sum of the gauge pressure and the NOTE - For an element of fluid at rest, the gauge pressure and the total pressure have the same numerical value. 4.14 stagnation pressure : Pressure which characterizes the stat
41、e of the energy of a fluid when its kinetic energy is com- pletely transformed into pressure energy. It is equal to the sum of the absolute static pressure and the dynamic pressure. NOTE - For an element of fluid at rest, the absolute static pressure and the stagnation pressure have the same numeric
42、al value. _- Dynamic pressure Pression dynamique Gauge pressure Pression (statique) effective . ._ Atmospheric pressure Pression atmosphrique Absolute static pressure Pression (statique) absolue U1 Re = - where 4.12.2 pression dynamique moyenne dans une section : Quotient de la puissance du fluide q
43、ui traverse la section, cous forme dnergie cintique, par le dbit-volume. La pression dynamique moyenne peut scrire sous la forme a x ;QU, si le fluide est incompressible. 4.13 pression totale: Somme de la pression (statique) effective et de la pression dynamique. NOTE - Dans un lment de fluide au re
44、pos, la pression istatique) effective et la pression totale sont numriquement gales. 4.14 pression darrt : Pression qui caractrise ltat du fluide lorsque son nergie cintique est transforme intgrale- ment en nergie de pression. Elle est gale la somme de la pression (statique) absolue et de la pressio
45、n dynamique. NOTE - Dans un lment de fluide au repos, la pression (statique) absolue et la pression darrt sont numriquement gales. Stagnation pressure Pression darrt L v Vacuum Vide Figure 1 - Diagram illustrating the terms relating to pressure Figure 1 - Schma illustrant les termes relatifs la pres
46、sion 4.15 Reynolds number, Re : Dimensionless parameter expressing the ratio between the inertia and viscous forces. It is given by the formula U is the mean axial fluid velocity across a defined area; I is a characteristic dimension of the system in which the flow occurs; v is the kinematic viscosi
47、ty of the fluid. NOTE - When specifying a Reynolds number, the characteristic dimension on which it has been based should be indicated (for example, the diameter of the conduit, the diameter of the orifice of a differential pressure device, the diameter of a Pitot tube head, etc.). 4.15 nombre de Re
48、ynolds, Re: Paramtre sans dimension exprimant le rapport entre les forces dinertie et les forces de viscosit. II est dfini par la formule U/ Re = - V o U est la vitesse dbitante dans une section dtermine; I est une longueur caractristique du systme dans lequel se fait lcoulement; v est la viscosit c
49、inmatique du fluide NOTE - Lorsquon spcifie un nombre de Reynolds, il convient dindi- quer la dimension caractristique sur laquelle il est fond (par exemple diamtre de la conduite, diamtre dorifice dun appareil dprimogne, diamtre de lantenne dun tube de Pitot, etc.). 6 CEN ENr24OOb 93 3404589 0052734 LO3 IS0 4006 : 1991 (E/F) 4.16 Mach number, M
