1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Railway Applications - The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS)Part 1: Generic RAMS ProcessBS EN 501261:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORMEN
2、50126-1 October 2017ICS 29.280; 45.020 Supersedes EN 50126-1:1999English VersionRailway Applications - The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) - Part1: Generic RAMS Process Applications ferroviaires - Spcification et dmonstration dela fiabi
3、lit, de la disponibilit, de la maintenabilit et de la scurit (FDMS) - Partie 1: Processus FMDS gnriqueBahnanwendungen - Spezifikation und Nachweis von Zuverlssigkeit, Verfgbarkeit, Instandhaltbarkeit und Sicherheit (RAMS) - Teil 1: Generischer RAMS Prozess This European Standard was approved by CENE
4、LEC on 2017-07-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELECInternal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards
5、 may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
6、 notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has thesame status as the official versions.CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, German
7、y, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.European Committee for Electrotechnical StandardizationComit Europen de Normalisa
8、tion ElectrotechniqueEuropisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.Ref. No. EN 50126-1:2017 ENational forewordThis British S
9、tandard is the UK implementation of EN 501261:2017. It supersedes BS EN 501261:1999, which is withdrawn.This standards series represents a significant change from BS EN 50126:1999 and the UK Committee acknowledges the efforts and progress made. However, the UK committee is of the opinion that a majo
10、rity of UK comments have not been incorporated. Consequently, the UK recommends users read the requirements carefully in order to understand the standards correctly, particularly in fields of application and aspects of RAMS where EN 50126 may not have been applied historically.The UK participation i
11、n its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/9, Railway Electrotechnical Applications.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are res
12、ponsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 91692 2ICS 45.020; 29.280Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the
13、Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 501261:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 50126-1 October 2017 ICS 29.280; 45.020 Supersedes EN 50126-1:1999English Version Railway
14、Applications - The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS) - Part 1: Generic RAMS Process Applications ferroviaires - Spcification et dmonstration de la fiabilit, de la disponibilit, de la maintenabilit et de la scurit (FDMS) - Partie 1: Proces
15、sus FMDS gnrique Bahnanwendungen - Spezifikation und Nachweis von Zuverlssigkeit, Verfgbarkeit, Instandhaltbarkeit und Sicherheit (RAMS) - Teil 1: Generischer RAMS Prozess This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2017-07-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal
16、Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENEL
17、EC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official
18、versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta
19、, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CE
20、NELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 50126-1:2017 EBS EN 501261:2017EN 50126-1:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword 6 Introduction . 7 1 Scope . 8 2 No
21、rmative references 9 3 Terms and definitions . 9 4 Abbreviations 20 5 Railway RAMS 20 5.1 Introduction . 20 5.2 Multi-level System approach 21 5.2.1 Concepts of system hierarchy 21 5.2.2 System requirements and characteristics . 22 5.2.3 Defining a system 23 5.3 Railway system overview . 23 5.3.1 In
22、troduction 23 5.3.2 Stakeholders involved in a railway system . 23 5.3.3 Railway system structure and apportionment of RAMS requirements . 24 5.4 Railway RAMS and quality of service . 24 5.5 Elements of railway RAMS . 24 5.6 Factors influencing railway RAMS 27 5.6.1 General 27 5.6.2 Classes of failu
23、res . 27 5.6.3 Derivation of detailed railway specific influencing factors . 27 5.6.4 Human factors . 32 5.7 Specification of railway RAMS requirements 34 5.7.1 General 34 5.7.2 RAMS specification 34 5.8 Risk based approach . 34 5.9 Risk reduction strategy 35 5.9.1 Introduction 35 5.9.2 Reduction of
24、 risks related to safety 35 5.9.3 Reduction of risks related to RAM 36 6 Management of railway RAMS general requirements . 37 6.1 Introduction . 37 6.2 Life cycle for the system under consideration. 37 6.3 Risk assessment 45 6.4 Organisational requirements 46 6.4.1 Introduction 46 6.4.2 Requirements
25、 47 6.5 Application of this standard and adaptability to project scope and size 47 6.5.1 General requirements 47 6.5.2 Case of complex systems with different hierarchical levels. 49 6.5.3 Renewal within existing systems 50 BS EN 501261:2017EN 50126-1:2017 (E) 3 6.5.4 Re-use or adaptation of a system
26、 with previous acceptance. 50 6.6 General requirements on RAMS documentation . 51 6.7 Verification and Validation . 52 6.7.1 Introduction 52 6.7.2 Verification. 52 6.7.3 Validation . 52 6.8 Independent Safety Assessment 53 6.8.1 Objectives 53 6.8.2 Activities 54 7 RAMS life cycle 55 7.1 General . 55
27、 7.2 Phase 1: Concept 55 7.2.1 Objectives 55 7.2.2 Activities 56 7.2.3 Deliverables . 56 7.3 Phase 2: System definition and operational context . 56 7.3.1 Objectives 56 7.3.2 Activities 56 7.3.3 Deliverables . 60 7.4 Phase 3: Risk analysis and evaluation . 60 7.4.1 Objectives 60 7.4.2 Activities 61
28、7.4.3 Deliverables . 64 7.5 Phase 4: Specification of system requirements 64 7.5.1 Objectives 64 7.5.2 Activities 65 7.5.3 Deliverables . 66 7.5.4 Specific validation tasks . 66 7.6 Phase 5: Architecture and apportionment of system requirements . 67 7.6.1 Objectives 67 7.6.2 Activities 67 7.6.3 Deli
29、verables . 68 7.7 Phase 6: Design and Implementation . 68 7.7.1 Objectives 68 7.7.2 Activities 68 7.7.3 Deliverables . 69 7.7.4 Specific verification tasks . 70 7.8 Phase 7: Manufacture 70 7.8.1 Objectives 70 7.8.2 Activities 70 7.8.3 Deliverables . 71 7.9 Phase 8: Integration 71 7.9.1 Objectives 71
30、 7.9.2 Activities 71 7.9.3 Deliverables . 72 7.9.4 Specific verification tasks . 72 7.10 Phase 9: System Validation . 73 7.10.1 Objectives 73 BS EN 501261:2017EN 50126-1:2017 (E) 4 7.10.2 Activities 73 7.10.3 Deliverables . 73 7.11 Phase 10: System acceptance . 74 7.11.1 Objectives 74 7.11.2 Activit
31、ies 75 7.11.3 Deliverables . 75 7.12 Phase 11: Operation, maintenance and performance monitoring 75 7.12.1 Objectives 75 7.12.2 Activities 75 7.12.3 Deliverables . 78 7.12.4 Specific verification tasks . 79 7.13 Phase 12: Decommissioning 79 7.13.1 Objectives 79 7.13.2 Activities 79 7.13.3 Deliverabl
32、es . 79 8 Safety Case 79 8.1 Purpose of a safety case . 79 8.2 Content of a safety case 80 Annex A (informative) RAMS plan 82 A.1 General. 82 A.2 Procedure . 82 A.3 Basic RAMS plan example 82 A.4 List of techniques 84 Annex B (informative) Examples of parameters for railway . 86 B.1 General. 86 B.2
33、Reliability parameters . 86 B.3 Maintainability parameters 86 B.4 Availability parameters 87 B.5 Logistic support parameters 89 B.6 Safety parameters 89 Annex C (informative) Risk matrix calibration and risk acceptance categories 90 C.1 General. 90 C.2 Frequency of occurrence categories . 90 C.3 Sev
34、erity categories . 92 C.4 Risk acceptance categories 93 Annex D (informative) Guidance on system definition . 95 D.1 General. 95 D.2 System Definition in an iterative system approach 95 D.3 Method for defining the structure of a system 95 D.3.1 General . 95 D.3.2 Function List 95 D.3.3 Functional br
35、eakdown 95 D.4 Parties/stakeholders/boundaries of systems . 96 D.5 Guidance on the content of a system definition . 96 BS EN 501261:2017EN 50126-1:2017 (E) 5 Annex ZZ (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC 98 Bibliography 1
36、02 Table 1 RAMS tasks along life-cycle phases (1 of 4) . 41 Table A.1 Example of a basic RAMS plan outline (part 1 of 2) 83 Table B.1 Examples of reliability parameters 86 Table B.2 Examples of maintainability parameters 86 Table B.3 Examples of availability parameters . 87 Table B.4 Examples of log
37、istic support parameters 90 Table B.5 Examples of safety performance parameters 90 Table C.1 Frequency of occurrence of hazardous events with examples for quantification (time based) 91 Table C.2 Frequency of occurrence of events with examples for quantification (distance based) . 92 Table C.3 Sever
38、ity categories (example related to RAM) 93 Table C.4 Severity categories (example 1 related to RAMS) . 93 Table C.5 Severity categories (example 2 related to Safety) . 94 Table C.6 Financial severity categories (example) 94 Table C.7 Risk acceptance categories (example 1 for binary decisions) . 94 T
39、able C.8 Risk acceptance categories (example 2) 94 Table C.9 Risk acceptance categories (example related to safety) . 95 Table D.1 Typical examples for a functional breakdown . 97 BS EN 501261:2017EN 50126-1:2017 (E) 6 European foreword This document (EN 50126-1:2017) has been prepared by CLC/TC 9X
40、“Electrical and electronic applications for railways“. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which this document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2018-07-03 latest date by which the national standards conflicting
41、 with this document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2020-07-03 This document supersedes EN 50126-1:1999 which has been technically revised. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for ident
42、ifying any or all such patent rights. EN 50126 “Railway applications The specification and demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability and Safety (RAMS)“ consists of the following parts: Part 1: Generic RAMS process; Part 2: System approach to safety. This document has been prepared
43、under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For the relationship with EU Directive(s) see informative Annex ZZ, which is an integral part of this document. BS EN 501261:2017EN 50126-1:201
44、7 (E) 7 Introduction EN 50126-1:1999 was aimed at introducing the application of a systematic RAMS management process in the railway sector. Through the application of this standard and the experiences gained over the last years, the need for revision and restructuring became apparent with a need to
45、 deliver a systematic and coherent approach to RAMS applicable to all the railway application fields Command, Control and Signalling (Signalling), Rolling Stock and Electric power supply for Railways (Fixed Installations). The revision work improved the coherency and consistency of the standard, the
46、 concept of safety management and the practical usage of EN 50126, and took into consideration the existing and related Technical Reports as well. This European Standard provides railway duty holders and the railway suppliers, throughout the European Union, with a process which will enable the imple
47、mentation of a consistent approach to the management of reliability, availability, maintainability and safety, denoted by the acronym RAMS. Processes for the specification and demonstration of RAMS requirements are cornerstones of this standard. This European Standard promotes a common understanding
48、 and approach to the management of RAMS. EN 50126 forms part of the railway sector specific application of IEC 61508. Meeting the requirements in this European Standard together with the requirements of other suitable standards is sufficient to ensure that additional compliance to IEC 61508 does not
49、 need to be demonstrated. With regard to safety, EN 50126-1 provides a Safety Management Process which is supported by guidance and methods described in EN 50126-2. EN 50126-1 and EN 50126-2 are independent from the technology used. As far as safety is concerned, EN 50126 takes the perspective of safety with a functional approach. The application of this standard can be adapted to the specific requirements for the system under consideration. This European Standard can be applied systematically by th
