1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 50178:1998 Incorpor
2、ating Corrigendum No. 1 The European Standard EN 50178:1997 has the status of a British Standard ICS 29.240.01 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Electronic equipment for use in power installationsBS EN 50178:1998 This British Standard, having been prepared under
3、the direction of the Electrotechnical Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 December 1998 BSI 08-1999 ISBN 0 580 30453 1 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 10604 Corrigendum August 1999 Correction to Table 1
4、0 National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 50178:1997. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PEL/22, Static power convertor equipment, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the res
5、ponsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its
6、 secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Sta
7、ndards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of p
8、ages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 99 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed throughout this document indicates when the document was last issued. Sidelining in this document indicates the most recent changes by amendment.CE
9、NELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europa isches Komitee fu r Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1997 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved
10、 worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 50178:1997 E EUROPEAN STANDARDS EN 50178 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISHE NORM October 1997 ICS 29.240.00 Descriptors: electrical installation, industrial electrical installation, electronic equipment, definitions, design, safety, protection against electric
11、shocks, protection against live parts, climatic conditions, electrical properties, mechanical properties, tests, marking English version Electronic equipment for use in power installations E quipement e lectronique utilise dans les installations de puissance Ausru stung von Starkstromanlagen mit ele
12、ktronischen Betriebsmitteln This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 1997-07-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-dat
13、e lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under
14、the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ire
15、land, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 50178:1997 BSI 08-1999 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by the Task Force CENELEC BTTF 60-1, Assembly of electronic equipment. A first draft was submitted to CENELEC enquiry (6
16、MP) in August 1994 but failed to be accepted. A second draft was submitted to CENELEC enquiry (2MP) in September 1995 and was accepted. The text of the final draft was submitted to the Unique Acceptance Procedure and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50178 on 1997-07-01. The following dates were fixed:
17、latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 1998-06-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2003-06-01 Annexes designated “informative” are given
18、 for information only. In this standard annexes A and B are informative. Annex A offers additional information e.g. as a basis for design purposes. It also indicated items where new standards are expected to be established. Functions or characteristics presented in the informative annex A may be use
19、d as options of the electronic equipment, provided that test methods are specified and test equipment is available. In any case, these points have to be discussed and clarified between customer and manufacturer. Annex B is under consideration. It is intended to contain tables with all important figu
20、res and values. It shows a condensed overview on the conditions and requirements for convenience of the user of the standard. The requirements of this European Standard are based on basic or generic standards issued by IEC or CLC where these standards exist. This is valid especially for safety and e
21、nvironmental requirements. Additional requirements are stipulated where necessary. This European Standard is a harmonized standard for electronic equipment for use in power installations according to the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC. No additional requirements are to be met for compliance with th
22、is directive. Contents Page Foreword 2 1 Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Definitions 10 4 Requirements for entire system 16 4.1 Normal function 16 4.2 Damage to persons or material 16 4.3 EE connected to unearthed supply mains under condition of earth fault 17 4.4 Earthing requirements (grounding
23、, earthing and screening) 17 4.5 Wires and cables for interconnection 17 4.6 Fuses in neutral and protective conductors 17 5 Safety requirements 18 5.1 General requirements 18 5.2 Requirements for EE with regard to protection against electric shock 20 5.2.1 Requirements for protection against electr
24、ic shock 20 5.2.2 Protection against direct contact 21 5.2.3 Protection by means of insulation of live parts 21 5.2.4 Protection by means of enclosures and barriers 21 5.2.4.1 Distances 22 5.2.5 Discharge of capacitors 22 5.2.6 Built-in devices 22 5.2.7 EE for closed electrical operating areas 22 5.
25、2.8 Protection in the case of direct contact 22 5.2.8.1 Protection by means of extra-low voltage with protective separation (SELV- and PELV-system 22 5.2.8.2 Protection by means of limitation of the discharging energy 22 5.2.8.3 Protection by means of protective impedance 22 5.2.8.4 Protection by us
26、ing limited voltages in control circuits 23 5.2.8.5 Connectors 23 5.2.9 Protection with regard to indirect contact 23Page 3 EN 50178:1997 BSI 08-1999 Page 5.2.9.1 Insulation between live parts and exposed conductive parts 23 5.2.9.2 Protective bonding 23 5.2.9.3 Rating of protective bonding 24 5.2.9
27、.4 Protection against corrosion 24 5.2.9.5 Protective bonding conductor with low cross-section 24 5.2.9.6 EE with voltage above a.c. 1 400 V or d.c. 2 000 V 24 5.2.9.7 Interruption 24 5.2.9.8 Marking 24 5.2.10 Means of connection for the protective conductor 24 5.2.11 Leakage current and fault curre
28、nt 24 5.2.11.1 High leakage current 24 5.2.11.2 Compatibility with residual-current-operated protective devices in case of low leakage current 25 5.2.12 Special features in EE for protective class II 26 5.2.13 Decisive voltage 27 5.2.14 Solid insulation, insulation of circuits 29 5.2.14.1 Between ci
29、rcuits and exposed conductive parts or accessible surfaces of EE 29 5.2.14.2 Between circuits 29 5.2.14.3 Bridging of the insulation via conductive parts 29 5.2.15 Clearances and creepage distances, pollution degree 29 5.2.15.1 Clearances and creepage distances 29 5.2.15.2 Pollution degree 37 5.2.16
30、 Clearances 37 5.2.16.1 Clearances between mains-circuits and their environment 38 5.2.16.2 Clearances between non-mains-circuits and their environment 39 5.2.16.3 Clearances within a circuit 40 5.2.17 Creepage distances 40 5.2.18 Protective separation 44 5.2.18.1 Constructive measures 45 5.2.18.2 P
31、rotective separation by double or reinforced insulation 45 5.2.18.3 Protective separation by protective screening 45 5.2.18.4 Clearances and creepage distances in case of protective separation 46 5.2.18.5 Partial discharge 46 Page 5.2.18.6 Components and other electrical sub-assemblies 47 5.3 Requir
32、ements for EEs in installations with regard to protection against electric shock 47 5.3.1 Protection with regard to direct contact 47 5.3.1.1 Cables and leads 47 5.3.1.2 Connection of EE with protective separation 47 5.3.1.3 Built-in devices in installations 47 5.3.1.4 EE in closed electrical operat
33、ing areas 48 5.3.2 Protection with regard to indirect contact 48 5.3.2.1 Leakage current through the protective conductor 48 5.3.2.2 Permissible touch voltage 48 5.3.2.3 Protection of EE by residual-current- operated protective device 48 6 Environmental requirements and conditions 48 6.1 Climatic co
34、nditions 48 6.1.1 Temperature 49 6.1.1.1 Ambient air temperature 49 6.1.1.2 Cooling medium temperature 50 6.1.2 Humidity and air pressure 50 6.1.3 Pollution 50 6.2 Mechanical requirements (general) 50 6.2.1 Mechanical shock 50 6.2.2 Mechanical vibration 50 6.2.2.1 Immunity requirement to mechanical
35、vibration 50 6.2.2.2 Mechanical vibration emission constraints 50 6.2.3 Sealing in case of liquid cooling 51 6.2.4 Sealing against dust ingress to EE 51 6.3 Electrical and electromagnetic requirements 51 6.3.1 Conditions in the system (immunity level for EE) 51 6.3.2 EE connected to a.c. supply main
36、s (immunity) 51 6.3.2.1 Supply voltage variation 51 6.3.2.2 Frequency 51 6.3.3 EE connected to d.c. supply mains (immunity) 51 6.3.4 Short-circuit withstand capability (immunity) 52Page 4 EN 50178:1997 BSI 08-1999 Page 6.3.5 Immunity from electromagnetic disturbance 52 6.3.6 Effects of EE(s) on the
37、system (emission) 52 6.3.7 Rating of power electronic equipment 52 7 Requirements for electronic equipment 52 7.1 Design and construction 52 7.1.1 General 52 7.1.2 Quality and reliability 52 7.1.3 Working life 52 7.1.4 Insulation 52 7.1.5 Component selection and use 53 7.1.5.1 Selection criteria for
38、 components 53 7.1.5.2 Hazards arising from components 53 7.1.6 Power supply switching, fusing and usage 53 7.1.6.1 Fire protection and fire risk 53 7.1.6.2 Operation under fault conditions 53 7.1.7 Construction 53 7.1.7.1 EE mounting practice general 53 7.1.7.2 Cooling 53 7.1.7.3 Mechanical protect
39、ion of equipment and sub-units 53 7.1.7.4 Layout of components and equipment 53 7.1.7.5 Temperature of accessible parts 54 7.1.7.6 Fixing (mechanical retention of components and sub-units) 54 7.1.8 Electrical connections 54 7.1.9 Multiple connectors and plug-and-socket devices 54 7.1.10 Electrical c
40、onductors 54 7.1.10.1 Wires and cables for interconnection 54 7.1.10.2 Conventional wiring within EE 54 7.1.11 Reference conductor, functional earthing 54 7.2 Marking, identification, documentation 54 7.2.1 Marking 54 7.2.2 Identification of equipment, sub-units, position and terminals 55 7.2.3 Docu
41、mentation 55 7.2.3.1 General 55 7.2.3.2 Operating documents 55 7.2.3.3 Instructions for transport, maintenance, fault finding, repair 56 7.2.3.4 Test records 56 7.2.4 Drawings and diagrams 56 Page 8 Requirements for the assembly of EE(s) in power installations 56 8.1 General 56 8.2 Fitting tolerance
42、s after assembly 56 8.3 Supply mains 56 8.3.1 Monitoring of insulation 56 8.3.2 Functional earthing 56 8.3.3 Design and protection of conductors to and in EE 56 8.3.3.1 Power input conductors to EE 56 8.3.3.2 Conductors between separated parts of an EE 57 8.3.3.3 Conductors on the load side of EE 57
43、 8.3.3.4 Protective conductors 57 9 Testing 57 9.1 General 57 9.1.1 Tests and methods of testing 57 9.1.1.1 Type test 57 9.1.1.2 Routine test 58 9.1.1.3 Sample test 58 9.1.1.4 Site test 58 9.1.2 General conditions for testing 58 9.1.3 Verification procedure 58 9.2 Compliance with this European Stand
44、ard 59 9.3 Overview of tests 59 9.4 Performance of the tests 61 9.4.1 Visual inspections 61 9.4.2 Climatic environmental tests 61 9.4.2.1 Dry heat test 62 9.4.2.2 Damp heat test 62 9.4.3 Mechanical tests 63 9.4.3.1 Topple test 63 9.4.3.2 Vibration test 63 9.4.3.3 Seal test for liquid cooled EE 63 9.
45、4.4 Safety related mechanical tests 64 9.4.4.1 Clearances and creepage distances 64 9.4.4.2 Non-accessibility test 64 9.4.4.3 Enclosure test 64 9.4.4.4 Suitability test of varnish or coating 64 9.4.5 Safety related electrical (dielectric) tests 64 9.4.5.1 Impulse voltage test 65 9.4.5.2 A.c. or d.c.
46、 voltage insulation test 66 BSI 08-1999 Page 5 EN 50178:1997 Page 9.4.5.2.1 Relation of a.c. or d.c. test voltage to rated insulation voltage 66 9.4.5.2.2 Value and type of insulation test voltage 66 9.4.5.2.3 Performing the insulation voltage test 67 9.4.5.2.4 Duration and verification of the a.c.
47、or d.c. voltage test 69 9.4.5.3 Partial discharge test 69 9.4.5.4 Insulation resistance test in the power installation 69 9.4.5.5 Protective impedance, protective screening 70 9.4.6 Electrical environmental tests 70 9.4.6.1 Emission of electromagnetic disturbance 70 9.4.6.2 Immunity from electromagn
48、etic disturbance 70 9.4.6.3 Short-circuit withstand capability 70 9.4.7 Performance test 71 Annex A (informative) Additional information 72 A.2 Bibliography 72 A.4 Requirements for entire system 72 A.4.4 Earthing requirements (grounding, earthing and screening) 72 A.4.4.1 Functional grounding/earthi
49、ng 73 A.4.4.1.1 Cable screens 73 A.4.4.1.2 Armoring, conduits and cable trays 73 A.4.4.1.3 Reference conductors 73 A.4.4.1.4 Transformer screens 74 A.4.4.1.5 Filter returns 74 A.4.4.1.6 Radio frequency (RF) screens 74 A.4.7 Acoustic noise 74 A.5 Safety requirements 74 A.5.2.4 Protection by means of enclosures and barriers 74 A.5.2.4.2 Mechanical fault 74 A.5.2.4.3 Mechanical durability 74 A.5.2.4.4 Screws 74 A.5.2.4.5 Opening of enclosures 75 A.5.2.8 Protection in the case of direct contact 75 A.5.2.8.2 Protection by means of limitation of discharging e
