1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 50554:2010Basic standard for the in-situassessment of a broadcastsite related to general publicexposure to radio frequencyelectromagnetic fieldsBS EN 50554:2010 BRITISH STA
2、NDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 50554:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee GEL/106, Human exposure to low frequency and highfrequency electromagnetic radiation.A list of organizations represented on this committee
3、 can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 70597 7ICS 17.240Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligation
4、s.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 50554:2010EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 50554 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM November 2010 CENELEC European Committee for Ele
5、ctrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No
6、. EN 50554:2010 E ICS 17.240 English version Basic standard for the in-situ assessment of a broadcast site related to general public exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields Norme de base pour lvaluation in-situ de lexposition du public aux champs lectromagntiques de radiofrquence dun site
7、 de radiodiffusion Grundnorm fr die Bewertung eines Rundfunkstandorts vor Ort in Bezug auf die Exposition der Allgemeinbevlkerung gegenber hochfrequenten elektromagnetischen Feldern This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
8、 Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENE
9、LEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
10、 CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Rom
11、ania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 50554:2010EN 50554:2010 2 Foreword This European Standard was prepared by the Technical Committee CENELEC TC 106X, Electromagnetic fields in the human environment. The text of the draft was submitted to the Unique Acc
12、eptance Procedure and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50554 on 2010-11-01. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The following da
13、tes were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-11-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2013-11-01 _ BS EN 50554:2010 3 EN 50
14、554:2010 Contents 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions 4 4 Assessment fundamentals 6 4.1 Level of protection 6 4.2 Worker/public exposure 6 4.3 Stakeholders . 7 4.4 Actions required 7 4.5 Simultaneous exposure to fields at different frequencies . 7 4.6 Area to perform a det
15、ailed assessment 8 5 Assessment methodology in the relevant domain when the exposure situation changes . 8 5.1 Introduction . 8 5.2 Determination of the Threshold Distance (TD) . 8 5.3 Area definition . 8 5.4 Assessment 9 5.5 How to take inaccuracy into account 10 5.6 Report of the assessment.11 Ann
16、ex A (informative) Example of a simple method for estimation of the safety distance from a broadcast site .12 Annex B (informative) Assessment procedure in Germany and in Italy .14 B.1 Assessment procedure in Germany .14 B.2 Assessment procedure in Italy .15 Bibliography 17 Figures Figure 1 Area def
17、inition . 9 Figure A.1 Pattern of antennas . 12 Figure A.2 Safety distances for two antennas on the left side and one antenna on the right side 13 BS EN 50554:2010EN 50554:2010 4 1 Scope This basic standard specifies the method for assessing overall exposure from all fixed radio frequency sources at
18、 a broadcast site. This assessment may be applied at any time but must be carried out when the exposure situation changes in or around this site. It plays an essential role in the coordination of different stakeholders, with respect to ensuring EMF exposure compliance in and around a broadcast site
19、especially for equipment installed within the site. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
20、 any amendments) applies. EN 50383, Basic standard for the calculation and measurement of electromagnetic field strength and SAR related to human exposure from radio base stations and fixed terminal stations for wireless telecommunication systems (110 MHz 40 GHz) EN 50413, Basic standard on measurem
21、ent and calculation procedures for human exposure to electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (0 Hz 300 GHz) EN 50492, Basic standard for the in-situ measurement of electromagnetic field strength related to human exposure in the vicinity of base stations EN 50496, Determination of workers expos
22、ure to electromagnetic fields and assessment of risk at a broadcast site 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 basic restriction restriction on exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields that is based di
23、rectly on established health effects NOTE In the frequency range from 30 MHz to 10 GHz, the physical quantity used is the specific absorption rate. Between 10 GHz and 40 GHz, the physical quantity is the power density. 3.2 broadcasting service radiocommunication services in which the transmissions a
24、re intended for direct reception by the general public NOTE This service may include sound transmissions, television transmissions or other types of transmission. 3.3 broadcast site site where one or more broadcast transmitters are operated 3.4 controlled area area in which the operator may decide w
25、ho is permitted to enter or remain or an area which, due to actual circumstances, the public is prohibited from entering BS EN 50554:2010 5 EN 50554:2010 3.5 employer natural or legal person who has an employment relationship with the worker and has responsibility for the undertaking and/or establis
26、hment Directive 89/391/EEC 4 3.6 Exposure Ratio ER for an individual source, between 100 kHz to 10 GHz: 22,HLHELEMAXER ; between 10 GHz and 40 GHz: SLSER where ER is the exposure ratio at frequency f for the source; EL is the investigation E-field reference level at frequency f; HL is the investigat
27、ion H-field reference level at frequency f; E is the assessed E-field at frequency f for the source; H is the assessed H-field at frequency f for the source; SL is the power flux density limit at frequency f; S is the assessed power flux density at frequency f for the source; f is the frequency of t
28、he source 3.7 Member States European Community Member States 3.8 reference levels reference levels of exposure are provided for comparison with measured values of physical quantities; compliance with all reference levels given in these guidelines (Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC 2) will ensure co
29、mpliance with basic restrictions NOTE If measured values are higher than reference levels, it does not necessarily follow that the basic restrictions have been exceeded, but a more detailed analysis is necessary to assess compliance with the basic restrictions. 3.9 relevant domain in the absence of
30、a national or local definition, domain surrounding the site where the sum of the exposure ratios from all sources of the site shall be more than 5 % at some height 3.10 relevant source the principle of relevance establishes the conditions under which a radio source is considered relevant such that a
31、ccount has to be taken of the contribution of that source when assessing RF exposure NOTE In the absence of a national or local definition, the relevant source is a fixed radio source, in the frequency range 100 kHz to 40 GHz, which has an exposure ratio more than 5 % in the relevant domain. BS EN 5
32、0554:2010EN 50554:2010 6 3.11 site operator party controlling access to the controlled area 3.12 Stakeholder SH party involved in the process of this European Standard in accordance with the local or national legislation NOTE More than one stakeholder can be concerned (national authority, licence ho
33、lder, broadcaster, site operator, etc.). 3.13 Threshold Distance TD minimum distance in a given direction, beginning from the boundary of the controlled area, at which compliance with reference level is achieved at all heights when considering emissions from the site alone 3.14 worker person employe
34、d by an employer, including trainees and apprentices but excluding domestic servants Directive 89/391/EEC 4 4 Assessment fundamentals 4.1 Level of protection In Council Recommendation 1999/519/EC 2, it is stated: “II. Member States, in order to provide for a high level of health protection against e
35、xposure to electromagnetic fields, should: (a) adopt a framework of basic restrictions and reference levels using Annex I.B as the basis; (b) (c) aim to achieve respect of the basic restrictions given in Annex II for public exposure.” and “(15) Member States may, in accordance with the Treaty, provi
36、de for a higher level of protection than that set out in this recommendation;” In consequence, national or local relevant regulations define the level of protection for applying this European Standard, expressed in basic restrictions and/or reference levels. 4.2 Worker/public exposure In 2, it is st
37、ated: “(14) In accordance with the principle of proportionality, this recommendation provides general principles and methods for the protection of members of the public while leaving it to the Member States to provide for detailed rules as regards the sources and practices which give rise to exposur
38、e to electromagnetic fields and the classification, as work-related or not, of conditions of exposure of individuals, in accordance with Community provisions concerning the safety and health protection of workers;” Worker exposure at broadcast sites is dealt with in EN 50496 in accordance with Direc
39、tives 2004/40/EC and 2008/46/EC 3. BS EN 50554:2010 7 EN 50554:2010 4.3 Stakeholders In 2, it is stated: “II. Member States, in order to provide for a high level of health protection against exposure to electromagnetic fields, should: (a) (b) implement measures according to this framework,;” and “II
40、I. Member States, in order to facilitate and promote respect of the basic restrictions given in Annex II: (a) (b) should evaluate situations involving sources of more than one frequency in accordance with the formulae set out in Annex IV, both in terms of basic restrictions and reference levels;” In
41、 consequence, national or local relevant regulations define the stakeholders responsible for applying this European Standard. Potentially involved stakeholders: a) site owner; b) licence holder; c) national authority; d) technical operator; e) community representatives; f) broadcaster; g) local auth
42、ority; h) content provider; i) party originating the change; j) assessment manager; k) measurement laboratory. 4.4 Actions required In 2, it is stated: “IV. Member States should consider both the risks and benefits in deciding whether action is required or not, pursuant to this recommendation, when
43、deciding on policy or adopting measures on exposure of members of the public to electromagnetic fields.” 4.5 Simultaneous exposure to fields at different frequencies In Annex IV of 2, it is stated: “In situations where simultaneous exposure to fields of different frequencies occurs, the possibility
44、that these exposures will be additive in their effects must be considered.” BS EN 50554:2010EN 50554:2010 8 Simultaneous exposure to fields of different frequencies is the common case at broadcast sites and has to be taken into account during the public and worker exposure assessment. If a national
45、or local relevant regulation treating multiple sources is available then this regulation shall be applied. If not, a threshold level has to be set, linked with the level of protection: each relevant source needs to be included to evaluate its influence. 4.6 Area to perform a detailed assessment In 2
46、, it is stated: “(9) This recommendation therefore applies, in particular, to relevant areas where members of the public spend significant time in relation to the effects covered by this recommendation;” Every place where the public and/or workers can access needs to be assessed. The emissions from
47、a broadcast site only need to be taken into account within its relevant domain. 5 Assessment methodology in the relevant domain when the exposure situation changes 5.1 Introduction Change is defined as a variation in the exposure situation which has not been previously assessed. 5.2 Determination of
48、 the Threshold Distance (TD) The TD is the minimum distance out from the boundary of the controlled area at which compliance with the basic standards (EN 50413 and EN 50383) is achieved at all heights when considering emissions from the site alone. EN 50413 and EN 50383 give the methodology for dete
49、rmining the threshold distance using the radiation pattern of the antennas. The TD shall be determined by the broadcast operator of the highest authorized ERP value on the site. In the absence of data to carry out the required calculation, the threshold distance can be defined by using a worst case configuration of the services. An example of a simple method for estimation of the TD from a broadcast site is described in Annex A. 5.3 Area definition Assessment of the overall exposure can be ma
