1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationElectroacoustics Simulators of human head and earPart 1: Ear simulator for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphonesBS EN 60318-1:2009National forewordThis British
2、 Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60318-1:2009. It isidentical to IEC 60318-1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 60318-1:1998 and BS EN60318-2:1998, which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeEPL/29, Electroacoustics.A list of organizations represen
3、ted on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2010 ISBN 978 0 580 56421 5 ICS 13.140; 17.140.50Compliance with a British Standard cannot c
4、onfer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2010.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60318-1:2009EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60318-1 NORME EUROPENNE E
5、UROPISCHE NORM December 2009 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form
6、 and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60318-1:2009 E ICS 17.140.50 Supersedes EN 60318-1:1998, EN 60318-2:1998English version Electroacoustics - Simulators of human head and ear - Part 1: Ear simulator for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphones (IEC
7、60318-1:2009) Electroacoustique - Simulateurs de tte et doreille humaines -Partie 1: Simulateur doreille pour la mesure des couteurs supra-auraux et circumauraux (CEI 60318-1:2009) Akustik - Simulatoren des menschlichen Kopfes und Ohres - Teil 1: Ohrsimulator zur Kalibrierung von supra-auralen und c
8、ircumauralen Kopfhrern (IEC 60318-1:2009) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2009-11-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterat
9、ion. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by tran
10、slation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, F
11、inland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60318-1:2009EN 60318-1:2009 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 29
12、/683/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60318-1, prepared by IEC TC 29, Electroacoustics, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 60318-1 on 2009-11-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 60318-1:1998 and EN 60318-2:1998. This European Standard includes the foll
13、owing significant technical changes with respect to EN 60318-1:1998: an extension of the frequency range to 16 kHz; a revised specification for the acoustical transfer impedance, including tolerances; a method for measuring the acoustical transfer impedance; expanded measurement uncertainties. The f
14、ollowing dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2010-08-01 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2012-11-01 Annex ZA has be
15、en added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60318-1:2009 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 61094-1 NOTE Har
16、monized as EN 61094-1:2000 (not modified). IEC 61094-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61094-2:2009 (not modified). IEC 61094-6 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61094-6:2005 (not modified). ISO 389-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-1:2000 (not modified). ISO 389-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-5:2005 (not modified). ISO 3
17、89-8 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO 389-8:2004 (not modified). _ BS EN 60318-1:2009- 3 - EN 60318-1:2009 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this
18、document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
19、Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61094-4 -1)Measurement microphones - Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones EN 61094-4 1995 2)ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 -1)Uncertainty of measurement - Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) - - 1)Undated reference. 2)
20、Valid edition at date of issue. BS EN 60318-1:2009 2 60318-1 IEC:2009 CONTENTS 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references .6 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Construction.7 4.1 General .7 4.2 Tolerances 9 4.3 Static pressure equalisation 10 4.4 Calibrated pressure-type microphone 10 4.5 Material.10 4.6 Measuremen
21、t plane.11 4.7 Acoustic transfer impedance .11 5 Coupling of earphone to ear simulator 11 5.1 Supra-aural earphones11 5.2 Circumaural earphones .11 6 Calibration13 6.1 Reference environmental conditions13 6.2 Method of calibration.13 7 Maximum permitted expanded uncertainty of measurements 13 Annex
22、A (informative) Lumped-parameter electrical network analogue of the ear simulator.15 Annex B (informative) Example of one specific design of ear simulator 17 Annex C (informative) Measurement method for the determination of the acoustical transfer impedance of the ear simulator 21 Bibliography25 Fig
23、ure 1 Schematic cross-section of the ear simulator configured for supra-aural earphones 8 Figure 2 Schematic cross-section of the ear simulator configured for circumaural earphones 9 Figure A.1 Analogue electrical network 15 Figure A.2 Level of impedance modulus of the electrical analogue network16
24、Figure A.3 Phase of the impedance of the electrical analogue network 16 Figure B.1 Example of one specific design of ear simulator17 Figure B.2 Adapter for use with circumaural earphones .18 Figure B.3 Conical ring 19 Figure B.4 Configuration when using the adapter and the conical ring .20 Figure C.
25、1 Key elements of measurement system22 Figure C.2 Transmitter microphone adapter to couple a transmitter microphone to the ear simulator.23 BS EN 60318-1:200960318-1 IEC:2009 3 Table 1 Specification for the acoustic transfer impedance level12 Table 2 Values of Umaxfor basic measurements 14 Table C.1
26、 Typical components of measurement uncertainty in the measurement of acoustic transfer impedance .24 BS EN 60318-1:2009 6 60318-1 IEC:2009 ELECTROACOUSTICS SIMULATORS OF HUMAN HEAD AND EAR Part 1: Ear simulator for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphones 1 Scope This part of IEC 603
27、18 specifies an ear simulator for the measurement of supra-aural and circumaural earphones (used for example in audiometry and telephonometry) applied to the ear without acoustical leakage, in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 10 kHz. The same device can be used as an acoustic coupler at additional
28、frequencies up to 16 kHz. NOTE 1 This device has alternative configurations for supra-aural earphones and different types of circumaural earphones. In practice, the alternative configurations can be realised through the use of adapters where necessary. NOTE 2 Repeatability for supra-aural and circum
29、aural earphones may get significantly worse above 10 kHz. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (inc
30、luding any amendments) applies. IEC 61094-4, Measurement microphones Part 4: Specifications for working standard microphones ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM: 1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this docum
31、ent, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 ear simulator device for measuring the acoustic output of sound sources where the sound pressure is measured by a calibrated microphone coupled to the source so that the overall acoustic impedance of the device approximates that of the normal human
32、 ear at a given location and in a given frequency band 3.2 acoustic coupler device for measuring the acoustic output of sound sources where the sound pressure is measured by a calibrated microphone coupled to the source by a cavity of predetermined shape and volume which does not necessarily approxi
33、mate the acoustical impedance of the normal human ear 3.3 supra-aural earphone earphone applied externally to the outer ear and intended to rest on the pinna BS EN 60318-1:200960318-1 IEC:2009 7 3.4 circumaural earphone earphone which encloses the pinna and rests on the surrounding surface of the he
34、ad NOTE Contact with the head is normally maintained by compliant cushions. Circumaural earphones may touch but not significantly compress the pinna. 3.5 acoustic impedance at a specified surface, quotient of the sound pressure by volume velocity through the surface NOTE Unit: Pasm3. 3.6 acoustic tr
35、ansfer impedance of the ear simulator quotient of the sound pressure acting on the diaphragm of the microphone by volume velocity through the planar surface bounded by the upper rim of the ear simulator NOTE Unit: Pasm3. 3.7 level of acoustic transfer impedance ten times the logarithm to the base of
36、 ten of the quotient of the absolute value (modulus) of the squared acoustic transfer impedance of the ear simulator by the squared reference acoustic transfer impedance of one pascal second per cubic meter (Pasm3) NOTE Unit: decibel (dB). 4 Construction 4.1 General The measurements of supra-aural a
37、nd circumaural earphones each require the ear simulator to have a different external configuration. Apart from this, the remaining specifications apply to both types of earphone. For supra-aural earphones the coupling surface of the ear simulator has sloped sides to match the shape of the earphone c
38、ushions. For circumaural earphones, a flat coupling surface is specified to suit the variety of earphone designs that may be encountered. Figure 1 shows the ear simulator configuration for supra-aural earphones and Figure 2 shows that for circumaural earphones. Internally, the ear simulator is compo
39、sed of three acoustically coupled cavities. The primary cavity is conical in shape and houses the microphone at its lower surface. The key dimensions of the primary cavity and the acoustical compliances of each cavity are specified in Figure 1 (and replicated in Figure 2). The secondary cavities are
40、 coupled to the primary cavity by elements having acoustical mass and resistance. The lumped-parameter values of the coupling elements shall be as follows: Ma2= 4,5 102Pas2m3 Ma3= 1,06 104Pas2m3Ra2= 6,05 106Pasm3Ra3= 2 107Pasm-3Ma2and Ma3represent acoustic masses, Ra2and Ra3represent acoustic resist
41、ances. These values are applicable for the reference environment conditions and are subject to the tolerances of 4.2. BS EN 60318-1:2009 8 60318-1 IEC:2009 A pressure equalization mechanism (Ra1) is included. An electrical analogue of the ear simulator is given in Annex A. The general construction o
42、f the ear simulator and mounting of the microphone shall aim to reduce the response to vibration of any earphone or to sound outside the cavity. Dimensions in millimeters 25 13,2 1 32 Ra1h =8,26 Ma2V2V3Ra2Ma3Ra3Ca1= 1,85 1011m3Pa1V1Ca2= 1,43 1011m3Pa1Ca3= 5,28 1011m3Pa1IEC 1654/09 56,5 0,5Key 1 micr
43、ophone NOTE 1 The volume of cavity V1 includes the total effective volume of the microphone capsule, a corresponding correction for the presence of a protective grid also being taken into account. NOTE 2 The acoustical compliance of the cavities may depend on the shape as well as the volume. NOTE 3
44、Tolerances on dimensions are specified in 4.2. Figure 1 Schematic cross-section of the ear simulator configured for supra-aural earphones An ear simulator only capable of having the configuration shown in Figure 1, but meeting all other specifications in this standard shall be considered as conformi
45、ng to this part of IEC 60318 for supra-aural earphones only. BS EN 60318-1:200960318-1 IEC:2009 9 Dimensions in millimeters 25 13,2 32 Ra1h =8,26 Ma2V2V3Ra2Ma3Ra3V11 2 0,8 5,4 Ca1= 1,85 1011m3Pa1Ca2= 1,43 1011m3Pa1Ca3= 5,28 1011m3Pa1IEC 1655/09 56,5 0,5Key 1 microphone 2 flat coupling surface NOTE 1
46、 The external face of the flat surface should be marked with a series of rings concentric with the opening in the ear simulator to aid alignment of the earphone. NOTE 2 The 0,8 mm lip at the entrance to the ear simulator is an artefact of a typical practical realisation of this configuration, where
47、a flat plate adapter is inserted between the body of the ear simulator and a removable conical ring (see Annex B for details). NOTE 3 Tolerances on dimensions are specified in 4.2. Figure 2 Schematic cross-section of the ear simulator configured for circumaural earphones The dimensions of the flat c
48、oupling surface are not critical, but shall be sized to accommodate the range of circumaural earphones to be measured (together with their headbands. if appropriate), noting that these are often non-circular. A size of approximately 100 mm 120 mm is appropriate. An ear simulator only capable of havi
49、ng the configuration shown in Figure 2, but meeting all other specifications in this standard shall be considered as conforming to this part of IEC 60318 for circumaural earphones only. An example of a design of the ear simulator, including the adapter to convert from supra-aural to circumaural configuration, is shown in Annex B. 4.2 Tolerances The following specified toleran
