1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationMagnetic materialsPart 15: Methods for the determination of the relative magnetic permeability of feebly magnetic materialsBS EN 60404-15:2012National forewordThis British Standa
2、rd is the UK implementation of EN 60404-15:2012. It is identical to IEC 60404-15:2012. It supersedes BS 5884:1999, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/108, Magnetic Alloys and Steels.A list of organizations represented on this committee
3、 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 70733 9 ICS 17.220.01
4、; 29.030 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 604
5、04-15:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60404-15 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM November 2012 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussel
6、s 2012 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60404-15:2012 E ICS 17.220.01; 29.030 English version Magnetic materials - Part 15: Methods for the determination of the relative magnetic permeability of feebly magnetic mate
7、rials (IEC 60404-15:2012) Matriaux magntiques - Partie 15: Mthodes de dtermination de la permabilit magntique relative des matriaux faiblement magntiques (CEI 60404-15:2012) Magnetische Werkstoffe -Teil 15: Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Permeabilittszahl schwachmagnetischer Werkstoffe (IEC 60404-15:2
8、012) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2012-10-23. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliograph
9、ical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsib
10、ility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
11、Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60404-15:2012EN 60404-15:20
12、12 Foreword The text of document 68/442/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60404-15, prepared by IEC/TC 68 “Magnetic alloys and steels“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60404-15:2012. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be im
13、plemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2013-07-23 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2015-10-23 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this docu
14、ment may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60404-15:2012 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. BS EN 60404-1
15、5:2012EN 60404-15:2012 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, onl
16、y the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year I
17、EC 60050 Series International electrotechnical vocabulary - - ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 2008 Uncertainty of measurement - Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) - - BS EN 60404-15:201260404-15 IEC:2012 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope . . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Te
18、rms and definitions . 7 4 Solenoid and magnetic moment method 7 4.1 General . 7 4.2 Principle 7 4.3 Apparatus . 8 4.4 Test specimen for the solenoid method . . 10 4.5 Procedure 11 4.6 Calculation . 12 4.7 Uncertainty . 13 5 Magnetic balance method . . 13 5.1 Principle . 13 5.2 Disc inserts and refer
19、ence materials . . 14 5.3 Test specimen . 14 5.4 Procedure 15 5.5 Evaluation of the relative magnetic permeability 15 5.6 Uncertainty . 15 6 Permeability meter method 15 6.1 Principle . 15 6.2 Reference specimens and materials . . 16 6.3 Test specimen . 17 6.4 Procedure 17 6.5 Uncertainty . 17 7 Tes
20、t report 17 Annex A (informative) Correction for self-demagnetization . 18 Bibliography . 20 Figure 1 Circuit diagram for the solenoid method . . 8 Figure 2 Coil system for the determination of the magnetic dipole moment . . 9 Figure 3 Magnetic balance: side view . . 14 Figure 4 Schematic of the per
21、meability meter arrangement and magnetic field distribution without and with test specimen 16 Table 1 Relative magnetic permeability ranges for the methods described 6 Table 2 Cylindrical sample with a 1:1 aspect ratio . 10 Table 3 Circular cross section rod with an aspect ratio of 10:1 10 BS EN 604
22、04-15:201260404-15 IEC:2012 5 INTRODUCTION The determination of the relative magnetic permeability of feebly magnetic materials is often required to assess their effect on the ambient magnetic field. Typical feebly magnetic materials are austenitic stainless steels and “non-magnetic“ brass. The rela
23、tive magnetic permeability of some of these materials can vary significantly with the applied magnetic field strength. In the majority of cases, these materials find application in the ambient earths magnetic field. This field in Europe is 35 A/m to 40 A/m, in the far East, it is 25 A/m to 35 A/m an
24、d in North America, it is 25 A/m to 35 A/m. However, at present, methods of measurement are not available to determine the relative magnetic permeability of feebly magnetic materials at such a low value of magnetic field strength. Studies of the properties of feebly magnetic materials have been carr
25、ied out, primarily with a view to the production of improved reference materials. These studies have shown 11that it is possible to produce reference materials which have a substantially constant relative magnetic permeability over the range from the earths magnetic field to at least a magnetic fiel
26、d strength of 100 kA/m. Since conventional metallic materials can also be used as reference materials their relative magnetic permeability can be determined using the reference method. It is important that the magnetic field strength used during the determination of the relative magnetic permeabilit
27、y is stated for all materials but in particular for conventional materials since the changes with applied magnetic field can be large. This behaviour also needs to be considered when using reference materials made from conventional materials to calibrate comparator methods. This is because these met
28、hods use magnetic fields that vary through the volume of the material being tested and this makes it difficult to know the relative magnetic permeability to use for the calibration. Where the effect of a feebly magnetic material on the ambient earths magnetic field is critical, the direct measuremen
29、t of this effect using a sensitive magnetometer should be considered. _ 1Figures in square brackets refer to the bibliography. BS EN 60404-15:2012 6 60404-15 IEC:2012 MAGNETIC MATERIALS Part 15: Methods for the determination of the relative magnetic permeability of feebly magnetic materials 1 Scope
30、This part of IEC 60404 specifies a solenoid method, a magnetic moment method, a magnetic balance method and a permeability meter method for the determination of the relative magnetic permeability of feebly magnetic materials (including austenitic stainless steel). The magnetic balance and permeabili
31、ty meter methods are both comparison methods calibrated using reference materials to determine the value of the relative magnetic permeability of the test specimen. The relative magnetic permeability range for each of these methods is shown in Table 1. The methods given are for applied magnetic fiel
32、d strengths of between 5 kA/m and 100 kA/m. Table 1 Relative magnetic permeability ranges for the methods described Measurement method Relative magnetic permeability range Solenoid 1,003 to 2 Magnetic moment 1,003 to 1,2 Magnetic balance 1,003 to 5 Permeability meter 1,003 to 2 NOTE 1 The relative m
33、agnetic permeability range given for the magnetic balance method covers the inserts provided with a typical instrument. These can only be assessed at values for which calibrated reference materials exist. NOTE 2 For a relative magnetic permeability larger than 2, a reference material cannot be calib
34、rated using this written standard. A note of this is given in the test report explaining that the values measured using the magnetic balance are for indication only. The solenoid method is the reference method. The magnetic moment method described is used mainly for the measurement of the relative m
35、agnetic permeability of mass standards. Two comparator methods used by industry are described. These can be calibrated using reference materials for which the relative magnetic permeability has been determined using the reference method. When suitable, the magnetic moment method can also be used. Th
36、e dimensions of the reference material need to be given careful consideration when determining the uncertainty in the calibration value due to self-demagnetization effects. See Annex A for more information on correcting for self-demagnetization. 2 Normative references The following documents, in who
37、le or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60050 (all parts), International E
38、lectrotechnical Vocabulary (available at http:/www.electropedia.org/) BS EN 60404-15:201260404-15 IEC:2012 7 ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM:1995) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the ter
39、ms and definitions given in IEC 60050-221, IEC 60050-121 as well as the following apply. 3.1 self-demagnetization generation of a magnetic field within a magnetized body that opposes the magnetization 3.2 demagnetize to bring a magnetic material to a magnetically neutral state 3.3 feebly magnetic ma
40、terial material that is essentially non-magnetic in character 4 Solenoid and magnetic moment method 4.1 General The methods that are described in Clause 4 are reference methods for determining the relative magnetic permeability of test specimens of feebly magnetic materials with a length to diameter
41、 ratio of at least 10:1. When the relative magnetic permeability is less than 1,2, it is possible to use a moment detection coil and a test specimen with a length to diameter ratio of 1:1. Both methods use similar equipment and involve similar calculations to determine the relative magnetic permeabi
42、lity. The descriptions of both methods are therefore presented together here with significant differences explained in the text. 4.2 Principle The relative magnetic permeability of a feebly magnetic test specimen is determined from the magnetic polarization J and the corresponding magnetic field str
43、ength H measured using the circuit shown in Figure 1, using HJ0r1+=(1) where ris the relative magnetic permeability of the test specimen (ratio); 0 is the magnetic constant (4 10-7) (in H/m); J is the magnetic polarization (in T); H is the magnetic field strength (as calculated from the magnetizing
44、current and the magnetic field strength to current ratio (known as the coil constant) for the solenoid) (in A/m). BS EN 60404-15:2012 8 60404-15 IEC:2012 Test specimen N2N1S R A E F IEC 1691/12 Key A current measuring device or ammeter E d.c. supply F flux integrator N1solenoid N2search coil or magn
45、etic moment detection coil R variable resistor (controlling magnetizing current) S switch Figure 1 Circuit diagram for the solenoid method NOTE In Figure 1, the search coil N2is replaced by a moment detection coil for the magnetic moment method. 4.3 Apparatus 4.3.1 Solenoid. The solenoid shall have
46、a length to diameter ratio of not less than 10:1 or, in the case of lower length, it shall contain coaxial supplementary coils at the ends or it shall consist of a split pair coil system (Garrett 2). The last two coil systems shall yield at least the same degree of field homogeneity in the centre as
47、 is obtained with the long solenoid. The coils shall be wound on non-magnetic, non-conducting formers. The winding shall have a sufficient number of turns of wire to be capable of carrying a current that will produce a magnetic field strength of 100 kA/m. The magnetic field to current ratio of the s
48、olenoid (known as the coil constant) shall be determined with an uncertainty of 0,5 % or better, either by an independent calibration or alternatively by measuring the magnetic field strength by means of a calibrated Hall effect probe and by measuring the corresponding magnetizing current (using the
49、 method described in 4.3.5). NOTE 1 More than one solenoid (or split pair coil system) may be required to cover the complete range of magnetic field strength. NOTE 2 The optimal diameter of the solenoid depends upon the diameter of test specimens to be measured and the sensitivity of the measurement. For measurements on bars up to 30 mm in diameter having a relative magnetic permeability of 1,005, the internal diameter of the solenoid would be approximately 80 mm to accommod
