1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationMethod of sampling insulating liquidsBS EN 60475:2011National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 60475:2011. It is identical to IEC 60475:2011. It super
2、sedes BS 5263:1975, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/10, Fluids for electrotechnical applications.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to
3、include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012ISBN 978 0 580 69884 2 ICS 29.040.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under
4、the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 February 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 60475:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60475 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM December 2011 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Stan
5、dardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 60475:2011 E
6、ICS 29.040 English version Method of sampling insulating liquids (IEC 60475:2011) Mthode dchantillonnage des liquides isolants (CEI 60475:2011) Verfahren zur Probennahme von Isolierflssigkeiten (IEC 60475:2011) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-11-24. CENELEC members are bound t
7、o comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-C
8、ENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Cen
9、tre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malt
10、a, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 60475:2011EN 60475:2011 Foreword The text of document 10/848/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60475, prepared by IEC/TC 10 “Fluids for electrotechnical applications“ was s
11、ubmitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 60475:2011. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2012-08-24 latest date by which the na
12、tional standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2014-11-24 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. E
13、ndorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 60475:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. BS EN 60475:2011EN 60475:2011 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The fo
14、llowing referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modifie
15、d by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60567 2011 Oil-filled electrical equipment - Sampling of gases and analysis of free and dissolved gases - Guidance EN 60567 2011 IEC 60970 - Insulating liquids - Methods for counting and
16、sizing particles EN 60970 - BS EN 60475:201160475 IEC:2011 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope . . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 General principles for the sampling of insulating liquids 7 4.1 New insulating liquids in delivery containers . 7 4.1.1 Place of sampling . . 7
17、4.1.2 Quantity of sample to be taken 7 4.1.3 Sampling equipment 7 4.1.4 Sampling procedure. 11 4.2 Sampling of oil from oil-filled equipment . 13 4.2.1 General remarks . . 13 4.2.2 Sampling of oil by syringe . 19 4.2.3 Sampling of oil by ampoule . . 20 4.2.4 Sampling of oil by flexible metal bottles
18、 . 21 4.2.5 Sampling of oil by glass and rigid metal bottles . 22 4.2.6 Sampling of oil by plastic bottles . 23 4.3 Storage and transportation of samples 23 4.4 Labelling of samples . 23 Annex A (informative) Procedure for sampling at intermediate levels (making up of the average sample) . 25 Annex
19、B (informative) Procedure for testing the integrity of the syringes . 26 Figure 1 Thief dipper . 8 Figure 2 Cream dipper . 9 Figure 3 Pipette . . 10 Figure 4 Siphon . . 10 Figure 5 Sampling of oil by syringe 15 Figure 6 Sampling of oil by ampoule 16 Figure 7 Sampling of oil by bottle . 17 Table 1 Ty
20、pes of samples of new insulating liquids . 11 Table 2 Sample containers for oil tests (Y = Yes) . . 18 Table 3 Information required on oil sample labels . 24 BS EN 60475:201160475 IEC:2011 5 INTRODUCTION General caution, health, safety and environmental protection This International Standard does no
21、t purport to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of the standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. The insulating oils which are the subject of this st
22、andard should be handled with due regard to personal hygiene. Direct contact with the eyes may cause irritation. In the case of eye contact, irrigation with copious quantities of clean running water should be carried out and medical advice sought. Some of the tests specified in this standard involve
23、 the use of processes that could lead to a hazardous situation. Attention is drawn to the relevant standard for guidance. Environment This standard is applicable to mineral oils and non-mineral oils, chemicals and used sample containers. Attention is drawn to the fact that, some mineral oils in serv
24、ice may still be contaminated to some degree by PCBs. If this is the case, safety countermeasures should be taken to avoid risks to workers, the public and the environment during the life of the equipment, by strictly controlling spills and emissions. Disposal or decontamination of these oils should
25、 be carried out strictly according to local regulations. Every precaution should be taken to prevent release of mineral oil and non-mineral oil into the environment. BS EN 60475:2011 6 60475 IEC:2011 METHOD OF SAMPLING INSULATING LIQUIDS 1 Scope This International Standard is applicable to the proce
26、dure to be used for insulating liquids in delivery containers and in electrical equipment such as power and instrument transformers, reactors, bushings, oil-filled cables, oil-filled tank-type capacitors, switchgear and load tap changers (LTCs). This standard applies to liquids the viscosity of whic
27、h at the sampling temperature is less than 1 500 mm2/s (or cSt). It applies to mineral oils and non-mineral oils (such as synthetic esters, natural esters, vegetable oils or silicones). 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document a
28、nd are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60567:2011, Oil-filled electrical equipment Sampling of gases and analysis of free and dissolv
29、ed gases Guidance IEC 60970, Insulating liquids Methods for counting and sizing particles 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 delivery containers containers such as drums, rail tankers, road tankers or flexible plastic bags used t
30、o store, transport and deliver batches of oil 3.2 electrical equipment equipment filled with insulating oil such as power and instrument transformers, reactors, bushings, oil-filled cables, oil-filled tank-type capacitors, switchgear and load tap changers (LTCs) 3.3 sampling equipment equipment used
31、 for sampling oil from delivery containers (e.g. sampling probes, such as dippers or siphons) and from electrical equipment (e.g. connecting tubing and drain valve adapters) NOTE This also includes sample containers, waste oil containers and other accessories. 3.4 sample containers containers such a
32、s syringes, bottles, ampoules or other devices used to store and transport samples of oil for analysis BS EN 60475:201160475 IEC:2011 7 NOTE This includes accessories such as valves, tubing or caps attached to the container. 4 General principles for the sampling of insulating liquids 4.1 New insulat
33、ing liquids in delivery containers 4.1.1 Place of sampling The sample shall be taken from the part of the delivery container where the insulating liquid is likely to be most heavily contaminated. To evaluate the quality of a consignment, two types of samples may be normally taken: a) composite sampl
34、e: mixture of samples taken at the same level in several containers; b) individual sample: sample or mixture of samples taken at the same level in one container. From a delivery, individual samples of 1 l may be taken from different containers for the electric strength test. Further tests may be car
35、ried out on these samples and a complete examination on the mixture of these (composite sample). In certain cases, it may be useful to constitute an average sample within the container. An average sample is a mixture of samples taken at different levels in one container. 1) tankers: samples should b
36、e taken from each tanker as described in 4.1.4.2 below; 2) drums: samples should be taken as described in 4.1.4.3 below. In the case of a single drum, this shall be sampled. In case there is more than one drum of a lot of oil, sampling procedures should be negotiated between supplier and user. For e
37、xample, samples can be taken from 10 % of drums or at least 2 drums, whichever the largest. 4.1.2 Quantity of sample to be taken This depends on the tests to be performed and the procedures used. Typically, 2 l are taken. 4.1.3 Sampling equipment 4.1.3.1 General Since the results of the tests includ
38、ed in IEC requirements for insulating liquids can greatly depend on the impurities in the sample, it is essential to observe the following precautions: separate sampling equipment shall be reserved exclusively for each type of liquid. All seals and tubing used should be compatible with the insulatin
39、g liquid to be sampled; the equipment shall be clean and dry, following the cleaning procedures described in 4.2.1.6. Particular care should be taken to ensure the absence of any traces of solid impurities, such as dust, fibres, etc. The use of rags for cleaning is not permitted. 4.1.3.2 Sampling pr
40、obes As examples, four types of sampling probes are described below. Other probes may also be used, provided they do not introduce any contamination. Stainless steel and aluminium are suitable. BS EN 60475:2011 8 60475 IEC:2011 a) Sampling from tankers The thief dipper shown in Figure 1 is suitable
41、for taking samples at the bottom of the container. This is a dipper constructed of stainless steel or aluminium tubes and castings, machine-finished all over. It shall be sufficiently heavy to sink in the liquid. It should always be suspended by means of a metal wire or chain. String or other fibrou
42、s materials shall not be used. The cream dipper is used for taking top samples of insulating liquids. This probe shall be constructed as shown in Figure 2 and shall be of stainless steel. Dimensions in millimetres Loop for chain 4 lugs 6 (high) 20 89 76 10025203267636638 Thread IEC 2474/11 Figure 1
43、Thief dipper BS EN 60475:201160475 IEC:2011 9 Dimensions in millimetres 51406127Valve 51 9,5 IEC 2475/11 Figure 2 Cream dipper b) Sampling from drums The pipette shown in Figure 3 enables samples to be taken at the bottom of drums. This pipette has a capacity of about 500 ml. Another probe to take s
44、amples at the bottom is shown in Figure 4; it is a siphon with a glass, stainless steel or aluminium tube having an internal diameter of about 13 mm for taking off the sample liquid, and a metal tube (internal diameter 5 mm) for applying pressure. Both tubes are set in an oil-resistant bung whose di
45、mensions correspond to the diameter of the bung hole in the drum. Commercial versions of this equipment are available. When possible, glass is preferable for probes illustrated in Figures 3 and 4. The cream dipper (Figure 2) may be used for taking top samples. BS EN 60475:2011 10 60475 IEC:2011 Dime
46、nsions in millimetres Glass tubing tapered at both ends 10 4096510 35 3 403IEC 2476/11 Figure 3 Pipette Drum 3Metal tube Air bulb Sample bottle Glass tube 13 IEC 2477/11 Figure 4 Siphon BS EN 60475:201160475 IEC:2011 11 4.1.3.3 Sample containers For storing and transporting samples, depending on the
47、 oil test to be performed, sample containers of appropriate volume shall be used. Different types of sample containers are indicated in 4.2.1.5. For the mixing of different samples, a special sample container made of glass with a capacity of at least 6 l shall be used. These special sample container
48、s shall be closed in a manner that allows them to be sealed, by means of oil-resistant plastic or compatible rubber tubing or screw caps equipped with a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) lining. Natural rubber tubing and/or seals are not permitted. PTFE and polypropylene (PP) seals are acceptable. Each
49、 sample container shall have a label on which are marked all the indications necessary to identify the contents, i.e. the markings of the drums or tanks, date of sampling and the name of the recipient. 4.1.3.4 Cleaning of sampling equipment Sampling equipment shall be cleaned following the procedures described in 4.2.1.6. 4.1.4 Sampling procedure 4.1.4.1 General remarks According to general principles for sampling (see 4.1.1), samples of new insulating liquid shall
